Degenerative and inflammatory markers in the cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients with relapsing-remitting course of disease and after clinical isolated syndrome

References

• Kieseier BC. Assessing long-term effects of disease modifying drugs. J Neurol 2006;253:VI/23—VI/30.
   Google Scholar
• Franciotta D. Biological markers in multiple sclerosis. Int MS J 2004; 11: 86–94.
   Google Scholar
• Gonsette RS. Neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis: the role of oxidative stress and excitotoxicity. J Neurol Sci 2008; 274: 48–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Confavreux C, Vukusic S. Multiple sclerosis: a degenerative disease? Bull Acad Natl Med 2008; 192: 483–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Link H, Huang YM. Oligoclonal bands in multiple sclerosis cerebrospinal fluid: an update on methodology and clinical usefulness. J Neuroimmunol 2006; 180: 17–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petereit HF, Reske D. Expansion of antibody reactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients — follow-up and clinical implications. Cerebrospinal fluid Res 2005; 27: 2–3.
   Google Scholar
• Padilla-Docal B, Dorta-Contreras AJ, Fundora-Hernández H, Noris-Garcia E, Bu-Coifiu-Fanego R, González-Hernández M, et al. C3c intrathecal synthesis evaluation in patients with multiple sclerosis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2007; 65: 800–2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sellebjerg F, Jaliashvili I, Christiansen M, Garred P. Intrathecal activation of the complement system and disability in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 1998; 157: 168–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeman D, Adam P, Kalistova H, Sobek O, Kelbich P, Andel J, et al. Transferrin in patients with multiple sclerosis: a comparison among various subgroups of multiple sclerosis patients. Acta Neurol Scand 2000; 101: 89–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adam P, Sobek O, Taborsky L, Hildebrand T, Tutterova O, Zacek P. CSF and serum orosomucoid (alpha-1-glycoprotein) in patients with multiple sclerosis: a comparison among particular subgroups of MS patients. Clin Chim Acta 2003; 334: 107–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adam P, Taborsky L, Sobek O. Proteinocytology of cere-brospinal fluid. Prague: Medica New Publisher; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Niezgoda A, Losy J, Mehta PD. Effect of cladribine treatment on beta-2-microglobulin and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in patients with multiple sclerosis. Folia Morphol 2001; 60: 225–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bagdato F, Zivadinov R, Cecchinelli D, Tancredi A, Grop A, Pierandini A, et al. Beta-2-microglobulin serum level is not marker of disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2004; 11: 455–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rumbach L, Grucker M, Kiesmann M, Warter JM, Collard M. Biochemical analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis: study of various formulas. Pathol Biol 1988; 36: 1217–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mares J, Stejskal D, Vavrouskova J, Urbanek K, Herzig R, Hlustik P. Use of cystatin C determination in clinical diagnostics. Biomed Pap 2003; 147: 177–80.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bollengier F. Cystatin C, alias post-gamma-globulin: a marker for multiple sclerosis? J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1987; 25: 589–93.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nakashima I, Fujinoki M, Fujihara K, Kawamura T, Nakamura M, Itoyama Y. Alteration of cystatin C in the cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2007; 62: 197–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Serres FJ. Alpha- 1-antitrypsin deficiency is not a rare disease but a disease that is rarely diagnosed. Environ Health Perspect 2003; 111: 1851–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LolinY I, Ward AM. Alpha- 1-antitrypsin phenotypes and associated disease patterns in neurological patients. Acta Neurol Scand 1995; 91: 394–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Zunfo JM, Hernanz A, Medina-Acebrón S, De Bustos F, Barcenilla B, et al. Tau protein concentration in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 2002; 106: 351–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brettschneider J, Petzold A, Junker A, Tumani H. Axonal damage markers in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with clinically isolated syndrome improve predicting conversion to definite multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2006; 12: 143–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez-Yélamos A, Saiz A, Bas J, Hernandez JJ, Graus F, Arbizu T. Tau protein in cerebrospinal fluid: a possible marker of poor outcome in patients with early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurosci Lett 2004; 363: 14–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guimardes J. Tau protein seems not to be a useful clinical marker of axonal damage in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2006; 12: 354–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gehrmann J, Banati RB, Cuzner ML, Kreutzberg GW, Newcombe J. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression in multiple sclerosis lesions. Glia 1995; 15: 141–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bitsch A, Schuchardt J, Bunkowski S, Kuhlmann T, Bruck W. Acute axonal injury in multiple sclerosis. Correlation with demyelination and inflammation. Brain 2000; 123: 1174–83.
   Google Scholar
• Hein Neé Maier K, Kohler A, Diem R, Sattler MB. Demmer I, Lange P, et al. Biological markers for axonal degeneration in CSF and blood of patients with the first event indicative for multiple sclerosis. Neurosci Lett 2008; 436: 72–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koch M, Mostert J, Heersema D, Teelken A, De Keyser J. Plasma S100beta and NSE levels and progression in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2007; 252: 154–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osman I, Gaillard O, Meillet D, Bordas-Fonfrède M, Gervais A, Schuller E, et al. A sensitive time-resolved immunofluoro-metric assay for the measurement of apolipoprotein B in cerebrospinal fluid. Application to multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1995; 33: 53–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Burger D, Dayer JM. High-density lipoprotein-associated apolipoprotein A-I: the missing link between infection and chronic inflammation? Autoimmun Rev 2002; 1: 111–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gelman BB, Rifai N, Christenson RH, Silverman LM. Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma apolipoproteins in patients with multiple sclerosis. Ann Clin Lab Sci 1988; 18: 46–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar