Potential use of spinal canal endoscopy for successful treatment of cauda equina tumour and epidural abscess

References

• Cervoni L, Celli P, Cantore G, Fortuna A. Intradural tumors of the cauda equina: single institution review of clinical characteristics. CIM Neurol Neurosurg 1995; 97: 8–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HogenEsch RI, Staal MI Tumors of the cauda equine: the importance of an early diagnosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1988; 90: 343–348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caputo LA, Cusimano MD. Schwannoma of the cauda equina. J Manipul Physiol Ther 1997; 20: 124–129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gouliano P, Leonardo F, Franco M, Giorgio T. Primary cauda equine tumors. J Neurosurg Sci 1993; 37: 149–156.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Turgut M. Complete recovery of acute paraplegia due to pyogenic thoracic spondylodiscitis with an epidural abscess. Acta Neurochir 2008: 150: 381–386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rigamonti D, Leon L, Sampath P et al. Spinal epidural abscess: contemporary trends in etiology, evaluation, and management. Surg Neurol 1999; 52: 189–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker AS, Ojemann RG, Swartz MN, Richardson EPJ. Spinal epidural abscess. N Engl J Med 1975; 293: 463–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hlavin ML, Kaminski HI Ross JS, Ganz E. Spinal epidural abscess: a ten year perspective. Neurosurgery 1990; 27: 177–184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verner EF, Musher DM. Spinal epidural abscess. Med Clin North Am 1985; 69: 375–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heusner AP. Nontuberculous spinal epidural infections. N Engl J Med 1948; 239: 845–854.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darouiche RO. Spinal epidural abscess. N Engl J Med 2006; 335: 2012–2020.
   Google Scholar
• Saberski L, Kitahara L. Direct visualization of the lumbosacral epidural space through the sacral hiatus. Anesth Analg 1995; 80: 839–830.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saberski L, Kitahara L. Persistent radiculapathy and treated with epidural endoscopy. J Anesth 1996; 10: 292–295.
   Google Scholar
• Igarashi T, Hirabayashi Y, Shimizu R, Saitoh K, Fukuda H, Mitsuhata H. Inflammatory changes after extradural structure changes may affect the spread of local anaesthetic within the extradural space. Br J Anaesth 1996; 77: 347–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geurts JW, Kallenwaard JW, Richardson J, Groen GI Targeted methylprednisolone acetate/hyaluronidase/clonidine injection after diagnostic epiduroscopy for chronic sciatica: a prospective, 1-year follow-up study. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2002; 27: 343–352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igarashi T, Hirabayashi Y, Seo N, Saitoh K, Fukuda H, Suzuki H. Lysis of adhesions and epidural injections of steroid/local anesthetic during epiduroscopy potentially alleviate low back and leg pain in elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Br J Anaesth 2004; 93: 181–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanakita J, Suwa H, Nagayasu S, Nishi S, Iihara K, Sakaida H. Clinical features of intradural neurinomas in the cauda equina and around the conus medullaris. Neurochirurgia ( Stutg) 1992; 35: 145–149.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim P, Ebersold MJ, Onofrio BM, Quast LM. Surgery of spinal nerve schwannoma: risk of neurological deficit after resection of involved root. J Neurosurg 1989; 71: 810–814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimoji K, Fujioka H, Onodera M etal. Observation of spinal canal and cistemae with the newly developed small-diameter, flexible fiberscopes. Anesthesiology 1991; 75: 341–344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rust TM, Kohan S, Steel T, Lonergan R. CT guided aspiration of a cervical spinal epidural abscess. J Clin Neurosci 2005; 12: 453–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyu R-K, Chen C-J, Tang L-M, Chen S-T. Spinal epidural abscess successfully treated with percutaneous, computed tomography-guided, needle aspiration and parenteral antibiotic therapy: case report and review of the literature. Neurosurgery 2002; 51: 509–512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ansari A, Davies D, Lohn J et al. Extensive spinal epidural abscess associated with unremarkable recovery. Anaesth Intensive Care 2004; 32: 825–829.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar