An Exploration of Maitland's Concept of Pain Irritability in Patients with Low Back Pain

REFERENCES

• Maitland G, Hengeveld E, Banks K, English K. Maitland’s Vertebral Manipulation. 6th ed. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Koury M, Scarpelli E. A manual therapy approach to evaluation and treatment of a patient with a chronic lumbar nerve root irritation. Phys Ther 1994;74:549–560.
   Google Scholar
• Smart K, Doody C. The clinical reasoning of pain by experienced musculoskeletal physiotherapists. Man Ther 2007;12:40–49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daykin AR, Richardson B. Physiotherapists’ pain beliefs and their influence on the management of patients with chronic low back pain. Spine 2004;29:783–795.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doody C, McAteer M. Clinical reasoning of expert and novice physical therapists in an outpatient orthopedic setting. Physiother 2002;88:258–268.
   Google Scholar
• Barakatt E, Gohl E, Hartsfield J, Litzenberg J, Martinez S, Merry A. Frequency and use of severity and irritability assessments in mechanical low back pain. In: Therapy WCPT, ed. Fourteenth International World Confederation for Physical Therapy Congress. Barcelona, Spain: WCPT, 2003; RR- P0–1033.
   Google Scholar
• Moffett JK, Torgerson D, Bell-Syer S, et al. Randomised controlled trial of exercise for low back pain: Clinical outcomes, costs, and preferences. BMJ 1999;319:279–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Tulder M, Malmivaara A, Esmail R, Koes B. Exercise therapy for low back pain: A systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group. Spine 2000;25:2784–2796.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kankaanpaa M, Taimela S, Airaksinen O, Hanninen O. The efficacy of active rehabilitation in chronic low back pain. Spine 1999;24:1034–1042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waddell G, Feder G, Lewis M. Systematic reviews of bed rest and advice to stay active for acute low back pain. Br J Gen Pract 1997;47:647–652.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frost H, Moffett J, Moser J, Fairbank J. Randomized controlled trial for evaluation of fitness programme for patients with chronic low back pain. BMJ 1995;310:151–154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindstrom I, Ohlund C, Eek C, et al. Mobility, strength and fitness after a graded activity program for patients with subacute low back pain. Spine 1992;17:641–649.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manniche C, Lundberg E, Christensen I, Bentzen L, Hesselsoe G. Intensive dynamic back exercises for chronic low back pain: A clinical trial. Pain 1991;47:53–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malmivaara A, Aro T. The treatment of acute low back pain: Bed rest, exercise therapy or ordinary activity? Duodecim 1995; 111:2101–2102.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stankovic R, Johnell O. Conservative treatment of acute low-back pain: A prospective randomized trial: McKenzie method of treatment versus patient education in “mini back school.” Spine 1990;15:120–123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barakatt E, Romano P, Riddle D, Beckett L. The reliability of Maitland’s irritability judgments in patients with low back pain. J Man Manip Ther 2009;17:135–140.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Von Korff M, Ormel J, Keefe FJ, Dworkin SF. Grading the severity of chronic pain. Pain 1992;50:133–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan MS, Kues JM, Mayhew TP. Treatment categories for low back pain: A methodological approach. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1996;24:359–364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleiss J. The measurement of interrater agreement. In: Fleiss J, ed. Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1981;212–236.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma S. Applied Multivariate Techniques. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Fritz JM, George S. The use of a classification approach to identify subgroups of patients with acute low back pain: Inter-rater reliability and short-term treatment outcomes. Spine 2000;25:106–114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frymoyer JW, Pope MH, Clements JH, Wilder DG, MacPherson B, Ashikaga T. Risk factors in low-back pain: An epidemiological survey. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1983;65:213–218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton AK, Tillotson KM. Prediction of the clinical course of low-back trouble using multivariable models. Spine 1991;16:7–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donelson R, Silva G, Murphy K. Centralization phenomenon: Its usefulness in evaluating and treating referred pain. Spine 1990;15:211–213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sufka A, Hauger B, Trenary M, et al. Centralization of low back pain and perceived functional outcome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1998;27:205–212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werneke M, Hart DL, Cook D. A descriptive study of the centralization phenomenon: A prospective analysis. Spine 1999; 24:676–683.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fritz JM, George SZ. Identifying psychosocial variables in patients with acute work- related low back pain: The importance of fear-avoidance beliefs. Phys Ther 2002;82: 973–983.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waddell G, Newton M, Henderson I, Somerville D, Main CJ. A Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability. Pain 1993;52:157–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank JW, Brooker AS, DeMaio SE, et al. Disability resulting from occupational low back pain. Part II: What do we know about secondary prevention? A review of the scientific evidence on prevention after disability begins. Spine 1996;21:2918–2929.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ash A, Shwartz M. Evaluating the performance of risk-adjustment methods: Di- chotomous outcomes. In: Iezzoni L, ed. Risk Adjustment for Measuring Health Outcomes. 2nd ed. Chicago: Health Administration Press, 1997;427–469.
   Google Scholar
• McKenzie R. The Lumbar Spine: Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy. Waikanae, New Zealand: Spinal Publications, 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Reneman MF, Jorritsma W, Schellekens JM, Goeken LN. Concurrent validity of questionnaire and performance-based disability measurements in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. J Occup Rehabil 2002;12:119–129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wittink H, Rogers W, Sukiennik A, Carr DB. Physical functioning: Self-report and performance measures are related but distinct. Spine 2003;28:2407–2413.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barakatt E. Low Back Pain Irritability: Current Application and Development of a Theoretical Construct. Sacramento, CA: Davis, 2004.
   Google Scholar