References
- Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007;39:44–84.
- Bulkley GB. Reactive oxygen metabolites and reperfusion injury: aberrant triggering of reticuloendothelial function. Lancet 1994;344:934–6.
- Abdollahi M, Ranjbar R, Shadnia S, Nikfar S, Rezaie A. Pesticides and oxidative stress: a review. Med Sci Monit 2004;10:RA141–7.
- Chopra RN, Nayar SL, Chopra IC. Glossary of Indian medicinal plants. Nueva Delhi (India): The National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources; 1956.
- Gopalakrishnan C, Shankaranarayanan D, Kameswaran L, Nazimudeen SK. Effect of mangostin, a xanthone from Garcinia mangostana Linn. In immunopathological & inflammatory reactions. Indian J Exp Biol 1980;18:843–6.
- Chen LG, Yang LL, Wang CC. Anti-inflammatory activity of mangostins from Garcinia mangostana. Food Chem Toxicol 2008;46:688–93.
- Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Cárdenas-Rodriguez N, Orozco-Ibarra M, Pérez-Rojas JM. Medicinal properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). Food Chem Toxicol 2008;46:3227–39.
- Williams P, Ongsakul M, Proudfoot J, Croft K, Beilin L. Mangostin inhibits the oxidative modification of human low density lipoprotein. Free Radic Res 1995;23:175–84.
- Mahabusarakam W, Proudfoot J, Taylor W, Croft K. Inhibition of lipoprotein oxidation by prenylated xanthones derived from mangostin. Free Radic Res 2000;33:643–59.
- Jung HA, Su BN, Keller WJ, Mehta RG, Kinghorn AD. Antioxidant xanthones from pericarp of Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen). J Agric Food Chem 2006;54:2077–82.
- Márquez-Valadez B, Lugo-Huitrón R, Valdivia-Cerda V, Miranda-Ramírez LR, Pérez-De La Cruz V, González-Cuahutencos O, et al. The natural xanthone α-mangostin reduces oxidative damage in rat brain tissue. Nutr Neurosci 2009;12:35–42.
- Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Reyes-Fermín LM, Nolasco-Amaya EG, Orozco-Ibarra M, Medina-Campos ON, González-Cuahutencos O, et al. ROS scavenging capacity and neuroprotective effect of α-mangostin against 3-nitropropionic acid in cerebellar granule neurons. Exp Toxicol Pathol 2009;61:491–501.
- Pérez-De La Cruz V, González-Cortés C, Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Maldonado PD, Andrés-Martínez L, Santamaría A. Protective effect of S-allylcysteine on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction in rat brain synaptosomes. Brain Res Bull 2006;68:379–83.
- Hissin PJ, Hilf R. A fluorometric method for determination of oxidized and reduced glutathione in tissues. Anal Biochem 1976;74:214–26.
- Lawrence RA, Burk RF. Glutathione peroxidase activity in selenium-deficient rat liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976;71:952–8.
- Habig WH, Jakoby WB. Glutathione S-transferases (rat and human). Methods Enzymol 1981;77:218–31.
- Janáky R, Ogita K, Pasqualotto BA, Bains JS, Oja SS, Yoneda Y, et al. Glutathione and signal transduction in the mammalian CNS. J Neurochem 1999;73:889–902.
- Dringen R. Metabolism and functions of glutathione in brain. Prog Neurobiol 2000;62:649–71.
- Aoyama K, Watabe M, Nakaki T. Regulation of neuronal glutathione synthesis. J Pharmacol Sci 2008;108:227–38.
- Mills GC. Hemoglobin catabolism. I. Glutathione peroxidase, an erythrocyte enzyme which protects hemoglobin from oxidative breakdown. J Biol Chem 1975;229:189–97.
- Muller FL, Lustgarten MS, Jang Y, Richardson A, Van Remmen H. In: Trends in oxidative aging theories. Free Radic Biol Med 2007;43:477–503.
- Gomi F, Matsuo M. Effects of aging and food restriction on the antioxidant enzyme activity of rat livers. J Gerontol 1998;53A:B161–7.
- Furukawa K, Chairungsrilerd N, Ohta T, Nozoe S, Ohizumi Y. Novel types of receptor antagonists from the medicinal plant Garcinia mangostana. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1997;110:153P–8P.
- Furukawa K, Shibusawa K, Chairungsrilerd N, Ohta T, Nozoe S, Ohizumi Y. The mode of inhibitory action of alpha-mangostin, a novel inhibitor, on the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-pumping ATPase from rabbit skeletal muscle. Jpn J Pharmacol 1996;71:337–40.
- Lu ZX, Hasmeda M, Mahabusarakam W, Ternai B, Ternai PC, Polya GM. Inhibition of eukaryote protein kinases and of a cyclic nucleotide-binding phosphatase by prenylated xanthones. Chem Biol Interact 1998;114:121–40.
- Sato A, Fujiwara H, Oku H, Ishiguro K, Ohizumi Y. Alpha-mangostin induces Ca2+-ATPase-dependent apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in PC12 cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2004;95:33–40.
- Matsumoto K, Akao Y, Yi H, Ohguchi K, Ito T, Tanaka T, et al. Preferential target is mitochondria in alpha-mangostin-induced apoptosis in human leukemia HL60 cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2004;12:5799–806.
- Martínez-Abundis E, García N, Correa F, Hernández-Reséndiz S, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Zazueta C. Effects of alpha-mangostin on mitochondrial energetic metabolism. Mitochondrion 2010;10:151–7.
- Shankaranarayan D, Gopalakrishnan C, Kameswaran L. Pharmacological profile of mangostin and its derivatives. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1979;239:257–69.
- Okudaira C, Ikeda Y, Kondo S, Furuya S, Hirabayashi Y, Koyano T, et al. Inhibition of acidic sphingomyelinase by xanthone compounds isolated from Garcinia speciosa. J Enzyme Inhib 2000;15:129–38.