Ischemic optic neuropathy

REFERENCES

• Lie JT. Illustrated histopathologic classification criteria for selected vasculitis syndromes. American College of Rheumatology Subcommittee on Classification of Vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33: 1074–1087
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvarani C, Crowson CS, O'Fallon WM, et al. Reappraisal of the epidemiology of giant cell arteritis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, over a fifty-year period. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 51: 264–268
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvarani C, Gabriel SE, O'Fallon WM, et al. The incidence of giant cell arteritis in Olmsted County, Minnesota: Apparent fluctuations in a cyclic pattern. Ann Intern Med 1995; 123: 192–194
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elling P, Olsson AT, Elling H. Synchronous variations of the incidence of temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica in different regions of Denmark; association with epidemics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Rheumatol 1996; 23: 112–119
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narvaez J, Clavaguera MT, Nol la-Sole JM, et al. Lack of association between infection and onset of polymyalgia rheumatica. J Rheumatol 2000; 27: 953–957
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elling H, Olsson AT, Elling P. Human parvovirus and giant cell arteritis: A selective arteritic impact? Clin Exp Rheumatol 2000; 18: S12–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon LK, Goldman M, Sandusky H, et al. Identification of candidate microbial sequences from inflammatory lesion of giant cell arteritis. Clin Immunol 2004; 111: 286–296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma-Krupa W, Jeon MS, Spoerl S, et al. Activation of arterial wall dendritic cells and breakdown of self-tolerance in giant cell arteritis. I Exp Med 2004; 199: 173–183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haworth S, Ridgeway J, Stewart I, et al. Polymyalgia rheumatica is associated with both HLA-DRB1*0401 and DRB1*0404. Br J Rheumatol 1996; 35: 632–635
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weyand CM, Hunder NN, Hicok KC, et al. HLA-DRB1 alleles in polymyalgia rheumatica, giant cell arteritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37: 514–520
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keltner JL. Giant-cell arteritis. Signs and symptoms. Ophthalmology 1982; 89: 1101–1110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayreh SS, Podhajsky PA, Raman R, et al. Giant cell arteritis: Validity and reliability of various diagnostic criteria. Am J Ophthalmol 1997; 123: 285–296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvarani C, Giannini C, Miller DV, et al. Giant cell arteritis: Involvement of intracranial arteries. Arthritis Rheum 2006; 55: 985–989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayreh SS, Zimmerman B, Kardon RH. Visual improvement with corticosteroid therapy in giant cell arteritis. Report of a large study and review of literature. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 2002; 80: 355–367
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Porrua C, Llorca J, et al. Visual manifestations of giant cell arteritis. Trends and clinical spectrum in 161 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2000; 79: 283–292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandini F, Benedetti L, Ceppa P, et al. Uveitis as a presenting sign of giant cell arteritis. ] Neuroophthalmol 2005; 25: 247–248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costello F, Zimmerman MB, Podhajsky PA, et al. Role of thrombocytosis in diagnosis of giant cell arteritis and differentia-tion of arteritic from non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuro-pathy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2004; 14: 245–257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mack HG, O'Day J, Currie JN. Delayed choroidal perfusion in giant cell arteritis. ] Clin Neuroophthalmol 1991; 11: 221–227
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Siatkowski RM, Gass JD, Glaser JS, et al. Fluorescein angiography in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. Am] Ophthalmol 1993; 115: 57–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danesh-Meyer HV, Savino 11, Eagle RC, Jr, et al. Low diagnostic yield with second biopsies in suspected giant cell arteritis. J Neuroophthalmol 2000; 20: 213–215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu GT, Glaser IS, Schatz Ni, et al. Visual morbidity in giant cell arteritis. Clinical characteristics and prognosis for vision. Ophthalmology 1994; 101: 1779-1785
   Google Scholar
• Mazlumzadeh M, Hunder GG, Easley KA, et al. Treatment of giant cell arteritis using induction therapy with high-dose glucocorti-co ids: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized prospec-tive clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum 2006; 54: 3310–3318
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chevalet P, Barrier JH, Pottier P, et al. A randomized, multicenter, controlled trial using intravenous pulses of methylprednisolone in the initial treatment of simple forms of giant cell arteritis: A one year followup study of 164 patients.] Rheumatol 2000; 27: 1484–1491
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayreh SS, Zimmerman B. Management of giant cell arteritis. Our 27-year clinical study: New light on old controversies. Ophthalmologica 2003; 217: 239–259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danesh-Meyer H, Savino 11, Gamble GG. Poor prognosis of visual outcome after visual loss from giant cell arteritis. Ophthalmology 2005; 112: 1098–1103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buono LM, Foroozan R, de Virgil iis M, et al. Heparin therapy in giant cell arteritis. Br] Ophthalmol 2004; 88: 298–301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torrente SV, Guerri RC, Perez-Garcia C, et al. Amaurosis in patients with giant cell arteritis: Treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Intern Med J 2007; 37: 280–281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman GS, Cid MC, Rendt-Zagar KE, et al. Infliximab for maintenance of glucocorticosteroid-induced remission of giant cell arteritis: A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2007; 146: 621–630
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvarani C, Macchioni P, Manzini C, et al. Infliximab plus prednisone or placebo plus prednisone for the initial treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica: A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2007; 146: 631–639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayreh SS. The blood supply of the optic nerve head and the evaluation of it — myth and reality. Prog Retin Eye Res 2001; 20: 563–593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold AC, Hepler RS. Fluorescein angiography in acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Am J Ophthalmol 1994; 117: 222–230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayreh SS. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Arch Neurol 1981; 38: 675–678
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hayreh SS, Podhajsky P, Zimmerman MB. Role of nocturnal arterial hypotension in optic nerve head ischemic disorders. Ophthalmologica 1999; 213: 76–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mojon DS, Hedges TR 3rd, Ehrenberg B, et al. Association between sleep apnea syndrome and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Arch Ophthalmol 2002; 120: 601–605
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacobson DM, Vierkant RA, Belongia EA. Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. A case-control study of potential risk factors. Arch Ophthalmol 1997; 115: 1403–1407
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Salomon O. Huna-Baron R, Kurtz S, et al. Analysis of prothrom-botic and vascular risk factors in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Ophthalmology 1999; 106: 739–742
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salomon O. Rosenberg N, Steinberg DM, et al. Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is associated with a specific platelet polymorphism located on the glycoprotein lbalpha gene. Ophthalmology 2004; 111: 184–188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial Research Group. Characteristics of patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy eligible for the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial. Arch Ophthalmol 1996; 114: 1366–1374
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deramo VA, Sergott RC, Augsburger JJ, et al. Ischemic optic neuropathy as the first manifestation of elevated cholesterol levels in young patients. Ophthalmology 2003; 110: 1041–1046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weger M, Stanger O. Deutschmann H, et al. Hyperhomocyst(e)inaemia, but not MTHFR C677T mutation, as a risk factor for non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy. Br J Ophthalmol 2001; 85: 803–806
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmowski-Wolfe AM, Denninger E, Geisel J, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies in ocular arterial and venous occlu-sive disease. Ophthalmologica 2007; 221: 41–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertram B, Remky A, Arend O. et al. Protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III in acute ocular occlusive diseases. Ger J Ophthalmol 1995; 4: 332–335
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Srinivasan S, Fern A, Watson WH, et al. Reversal of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy associated with coexisting primary antiphospholipid syndrome and Factor V Leiden mutation. Am] Ophthalmol 2001; 131: 671–673
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee AG. Prothrombotic and vascular risk factors in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Ophthalmology 1999; 106: 2231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan J. Bilateral non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy asso-ciated with pegylated interferon for chronic hepatitis C. Eye 2007; 10: 1038
   Google Scholar
• Pomeranz HD, Smith KH, Hart WM, Jr, et al. Sildenafil-associated nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 584–587
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayreh SS, Podhajsky PA, Zimmerman B. Ipsilateral recurrence of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Am] Ophthalmol 2001; 132: 734–742
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman Ni, Scherer R, Langenberg P, et al. The fellow eye in NAION: Report from the ischemic optic neuropathy decompres-sion trial follow-up study. Am] Ophthalmol 2002; 134: 317–328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Botelho 11, Johnson LN, Arnold AC. The effect of aspirin on the visual outcome of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Am] Ophthalmol 1996; 121: 450–451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson LN, Guy ME, Krohel GB, et al. Levodopa may improve vision loss in recent-onset, nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Ophthalmology 2000; 107: 521–526
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kollarits CR, McCarthy RW, Corrie WS, et al. Norepinephrine therapy of ischemic optic neuropathy. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1981; 1: 283–288
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilhelm B, Ludtke H, Wilhelm H. Efficacy and tolerability of 0.2% brimonidine tartrate for the treatment of acute non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION): A 3-month, dou-ble-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2006; 244: 551–558
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keltner IL, Becker B, Gay Al, et al. Effect of diphenylhydantoin in ischemic optic neuritis. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1972; 70: 113–130
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hayreh SS, Zimmerman MB. Optic disc edema in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2007; 245: 1107–1121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial Research Group. Optic nerve decompression surgery for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is not effective and may be harmful. ]AMA 1995; 273: 625–632
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold AC, Hepler RS, Lieber M, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Am J Ophthalmol 1996; 122: 535–541
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim TVV, Kim DM, Park KH, et al. Neuroprotective effect of memantine in a rabbit model of optic nerve ischemia. Korean] Ophthalmol 2002; 16: 1–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Bruggen N, Thibodeaux H, Palmer JT, et al. VEGF antagonism reduces edema formation and tissue damage after ischemia/reperfusion injury in the mouse brain. J Clin Invest 1999; 104: 1613–1620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennet JL, Thomas S, Olson JL, et al. Treatment of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy with intravitreal bevacizumab. J Neuroophthalmol 2007; 27: 238–240
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck RW, Hayreh SS, Podhajsky PA, et al. Aspirin therapy in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Am Ophthalmol 1997; 123: 212–217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadda SR, Nee M, Miller NR, et al. Clinical spectrum of posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Am] Ophthalmol 2001; 132: 743–750
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayreh SS. Posterior ischaemic optic neuropathy: Clinical features, pathogenesis, and management. Eye 2004; 18: 1188–1206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang SH, Miller NR. The incidence of vision loss due to perioperative ischemic optic neuropathy associated with spine surgery: The Johns Hopkins Hospital Experience. Spine 2005; 30: 1299–1302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers MA, Hamilton SR, Bogosian AJ, et al. Visual loss as a complication of spine surgery. A review of 37 cases. Spine 1997; 22: 1325–1329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaked G, Gavriel A, Roy-Shapira A. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy after hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma 1998; 44: 923–925
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buono LM, Foroozan R, Savino PJ, et al. Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy after hemodialysis. Ophthalmology 2003; 110: 1216–1218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayreh SS. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. VIII. Clinical features and pathogenesis of post-hemorrhagic amaurosis. Ophthalmology 1987; 94: 1488–1502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winkelmayer WC, Eigner M, Berger O. et al. Optic neuropathy in uremia: An interdisciplinary emergency. Am] Kidney Dis 2001; 37: E23
   PubMedGoogle Scholar