Advanced search
Publication Cover
Post-Medieval Archaeology Volume 45, 2011 - Issue 1: Bermuda: Celebrating 400 Years of History
Submit an article Journal homepage
140
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The Western Ledge Reef Wreck: continuing research on the late 16th-/early 17th-century Iberian shipwreck from Bermuda

Piotr BojakowskiNational Museum of Bermuda, PO Box MA 133, Sandys MA BX, Bermuda. [email protected]
Pages 18-40 | Published online: 19 Jul 2013

  • Adams, J. 2003, Ships, Innovation and Change: Aspects of Carve! Shipbuilding in Northern Europe 1450-1850, Stockholm Studies in Archaeology, 24, Stockholm: Stockholms Universitet.
  • Alves, F.J.S. (ed.) 2001, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Archaeology of Medieval and Modern Ships of Iberian-Atlantic Tradition: Hull Remains, Manuscripts, and Ethnographic Sources: a Comparative Approach, Lisbon: Institut° Portugués de Arqueologia.
  • Barata, J. da G.P. 1989, Estudos de arqueologia naval, 2 vols, Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda.
  • Barker, R. 1991, ‘Design in the Dockyards, about 1600’, in Reinders & Kees 1991, 61-9.
  • Barkham, M. 1981, Report on 16th-Century Spanish Basque Shipbuilding c. 1550 to c. 1600, Regina: Saskatchewan Archives Board.
  • Benchley, P. & Kristof, E. 1971 (July), ‘Bermuda: balmy, British, and beautiful’, Nat. Geogr., 116–17.
  • Blake, W. & Green, J. 1986, ‘A mid-XVI century Portuguese wreck in the Seychelles’, Int. J. Naut. Archaeol. Underwater Explor. 15: 1, 1–23.
  • Bojakowski, P. & Fix, P.D. 2008, ‘The Stabilization and Structural Reconstruction of Timber Remains from the Western Ledge Reef Wreck, (Santa Lucia -IMHA 3)’, Center for Maritime Archae-ology and Conservation (CMAC), College Station, Texas A&M University unpubl. rep.
  • Bream, J.W. 1987 (December), ‘Archives of the Indies: Report of the Research Conducted in May—June 1987’, Program in Maritime History and Underwater Research, East Carolina Uni-versity and Institute of Maritime History and Archaeology, Bermuda Maritime Museum unpubl. rep. in partial fulfilment of the proposal for archival research.
  • Breck, P. 1965 (3 July), ‘Spanish wreck found off Bermuda’, Bermuda Sun.
  • Caballero Juarez, J.A. 1997, El régimen juridico de las armadas de la Carrera de Indias, siglos XVI y XVII, Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autánoma de Mexico.
  • Casado Soto, J.L. 1988, Los barcos espaiioles del siglo XVI y la Gran Armada de 1588, Madrid: Editorial San Martin.
  • Crisman, K.J. & Garcia, C. 2001, ‘The Shipwrecks of Angra Bay, 2000-2001’, INA Q. 28: 4, 3–11.
  • Elbl, M.M. 1985, The Portuguese Caravel and European Shipbuilding: Phases of Development and Diversity, Lisbon: Instituto de Investigação Cientifica Tropical.
  • Fernandes, M. 1989 [1616], Livro de traps deCarpintaria, Lisbon: Academia de Marinha.
  • Flynn, D.O. 1979, ‘Silver and the Spanish Empire’, in Soltow 1979, 197-211.
  • Fraga, T.M. 2007, ‘Santo Antonio de Tanna Story and Reconstruction’, Texas A&M University unpubl. MA thesis.
  • Franklin, M. 1993, ‘Description of artifacts assem-blage archaeologically recovered from the West-ern Ledge Reef Wreck, Bermuda’, Bermuda J. Archaeol. Marit Hist. 5,70–83.
  • Garcia C. & Monteiro P. 1998, ‘The excavation and dismantling of Angra D, a probable Iberian seagoing ship, Angra Bay, Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal: preliminary assessment’, in Alves 2001,431–47.
  • Gay, E.F. (ed.) 1967, Facts and Factors in Economic History: Articles by Former Students, New York: A.M. Kelley.
  • Goodman, D. 1997, Spanish Naval Power, 1589-1665, Cambridge: University Press.
  • Grenier, R. et al. (eds) 2007, The Underwater Archae-ology of Red Bay: Basque Shipbuilding and Whal-ing in the 16th Century, 1 and 3, Ottawa: Parks Canada.
  • Hocker, F.M. & Ward, C.A. (eds) 2004, The Philosophy of Shipbuilding: Conceptual Approaches to the Study of Wooden Ships, College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
  • Lee, R.L. 1951, ‘American cochineal in European commerce’, J. Modern Hist. 23:3,205–24.
  • Loewen, B. 1991, ‘Report and Discussion of Observa-tions of IMHA-3: A Sixteenth Century Basque Vessel’, Bermuda Maritime Museum unpubl. rep.
  • Loewen, B. 1998, ‘The Red Bay vessel. An example of a 16th-century Biscayan ship’, Itsas Memoria. Revista de Estudios Maritimos del Pais Vasco, San Sebastian: Untzi Museoa-Museo Naval, 193–9.
  • Manera Regueyra, E. 1981, El buque en la armada espaiiola, Madrid: Editorial Silex.
  • Morris, W.J. 1993, ‘The preliminary analysis of the 16th-century remains recovered from the West-ern Ledge Reef Wreck, Bermuda’, Bermuda J. Archaeol. Marit Hist. 5, 58–69.
  • Marsden, P. (ed.) 2009, Your Noblest Shippe: Anatomy of a Tudor Warship. The Archaeology of the Mary Rose 2, Portsmouth: The Mary Rose Trust.
  • Oertling, T.J. 1996, Ships’ Bilge-Pumps: a History of their Development, 1500-1900, College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
  • Oertling, T.J. 1998, ‘The concept of the Atlantic vessel’, in Alves 2001,233–40.
  • Oertling, T.J. 2004, ‘Characteristics of the fifteenth-and sixteenth-century Iberian ships’, in Hocker & Ward 2004,129–36.
  • Parry, J.H. 1966, The Spanish Seaborne Empire, New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Peterson, M., Arnold D.L. & Schlecht, R. 1977 (December), ‘Reach for the New World’, Nat. Geogr., 728.
  • Phillips, C.R. 1986, Six Galleons for the King of Spain, Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
  • Quinn, D.B. 1989, ‘Bermuda in the Age of Explora-tion and early settlement’, Bermuda J. Archaeol. Marit. Hist. 1, 1–23.
  • Reinders, R.H. & Kees, P. (eds) 1991, Carvel Construction Technique: Skeleton-First, Shell-First: Fifth International Symposium on Boat and Ship Archaeology, Amsterdam 1988, Oxford: Oxbow Books.
  • Rosloff, J. & Arnold, J.B. III 1984, ‘The keel of the San Esteban (1554): continued analysis’, mt. J. Naut Archaeol. Underwater Explor. 13: 4, 287–96.
  • Soltow, J.H. (ed.) 1979, Essays in Economic and Business History: Selected Papers from the Economic and Business Historical Society, 1976,1977, and 1978, East Lansing: Michigan State University.
  • Thomsen, M.K. 2000, ‘The Studland Bay wreck, Dorset, UK: hull analysis’, Int. J. Naut Archaeol. 29: 1, 69–85.
  • Usher, A.P. 1967, ‘Spanish ships and shipping in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries’, in Gay 1967,189–213.
  • Veitia Linage, J. de. 1977, The Spanish Rule of Trade to the West-Indies, Containing an Account of the Casa de Contratacion, or India-House, New York: AMS Press.
  • Villié, P. 1994, Calvi I: De l’archéologie a l’histoire, Paris: De Boccard.
  • Watts, G.P. 1993a, ‘The Western Ledge Reef Wreck: a preliminary report on investigation of the remains of a 16th-century shipwreck in Bermuda’, Int. J. Naut Archaeol. 22:2,103–24.
  • Watts, G.P. 1993b, ‘Investigation of the 16th century shipwreck on Western Ledge Reef: 1988-1991’, Bermuda J. Archaeol. Marit Hist. 5, 34–57.
  • Watts, G.P. 2003, ‘A second decade of shipwreck research in Bermuda’, Bermuda J. Archaeol. Marit. Hist. 14, 61–147.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Supercharge Your Next Research Paper: Research and write your next paper with Jenni AI.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.