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Usus Antiquior
A Journal Dedicated to the Sacred Liturgy
Volume 3, 2012 - Issue 2: Pope Benedict XVI and the Sacred Liturgy: International Conference, Budapest, 21-24 August 2008
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Original Article

On the Theology of Worship and of Its Music

Robert A SkerisCatholic University of America, Washington, DC, USAView further author information
Pages 86-101 | Published online: 12 Nov 2013

  • Hoel H., ‘Bibliographie Kardinal Joseph Ratzinger’, in Weisheit Gottes — Weisheit der Welt: Festschrift für Joseph Kardinal Ratzinger zum 60., ed. by W. Baier, S.O. Horn, V. Pfnür, C. Schönborn, L. Weimer, and S. Wiedenhofer, 2 vols (St Ottilien: Verlag Erzabtei St Ottilien, 1987), pp. 2·1*–77*.
  • A. Nichols, The Theology of Joseph Ratzinger (London: T. & T. Clark, 1988). [Editorial Note. See also subsequent works by Nichols, e.g. Looking at the Liturgy: A Critical View of its Contemporary Form (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1996); The Thought of Pope Benedict XVI: An Introduction to the Theology of Joseph Ratzinger, new edn (London: Burns & Oates, 2007), pp. 147–59; and ‘A Theological Perspective on Church Music’, Usus Antiquior, 1·1 (2010), 26–38.]
  • John Paul II, Address to the Bishops of France on their ‘Ad limina Apostolorum’ Visit (8 March 1997), available at: <http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/speeches/1997/march/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_19970308_ad-limina-francia_en.html> [accessed 25 March 2012].
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 2; cf. Second Vatican Council, Constitution on the Liturgy, Sacrosanctum Concilium (4 December 1963), nn. 2, 7, 10. Subsequent references to Sacrosanctum Concilium take the form SC, with a paragraph number.
  • SC 7.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3; cf. SC 5.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3; emphasis in the original.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3; cf. SC 26.
  • J. Ratzinger, The Feast of Faith: Approaches to a Theology of the Liturgy, trans. by G. Harrison (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1986), p. 123.
  • J. Ratzinger and V. Messori, The Ratzinger Report, trans. by S. Attanasio and G. Harrison (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1985), pp. 125–26.
  • SC 22, §§ 1–3; The Ratzinger Report, p. 126.
  • The Ratzinger Report, pp. 126–27; emphasis in the original.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3.
  • Feast of Faith, p. 122.
  • Feast of Faith, pp. 124–25.
  • J. Ratzinger, ‘Theological Problems of Church Music’, in Crux et Cithara ed. by R. Skeris (Altötting: Verlag Alfred Coppenrath, 1983), pp. 214–22 (221–22).
  • Cf. SC 7.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3.
  • 2 Cor 3·17.
  • J. Ratzinger, A New Song for the Lord: Faith in Christ and Liturgy Today, trans. by M. Matesich (New York: Crossroad, 1996), p. 92.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3; emphasis in the original.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 3; emphasis in the original.
  • Feast of Faith, p. 125, citing Second Vatican Council, Decree on the Missionary Activity of the Church, Ad gentes (7 December 1965), n. 9.
  • Feast of Faith, pp. 125–26.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 4; emphasis in the original.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 5; emphasis in the original.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 5. Note the distinction between cantus popularis (congregational hymnody; cf. SC 119) and musica liturgica referred to here.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 5; emphasis in the original.
  • John Paul II, Address on the Occasion of the Official Commemoration of the Constitution, Sacrosanctum Concilium (27 October 1984), n. 6. Italian text at: <http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/speeches/1984/october/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_19841027_commemorazione-sacrosanctum-concilium_it.html> [accessed 20 July 2012].
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 7.
  • ‘Wenn du deine rechte Hand dem mannhaften Festhalten des bewährten Alten, und die linke dem züchtigen Einführer des bessern Neuen darreichest: so gieb dein Herz doch nur der Einen, ewigen Wahrheit, die im Alten sich stets erneuert, und im Neuen ihre alte Herrlichkeit nicht verläugnet’. J.M. Sailer, Neue Beyträge zur Bildung des Geistlichen, 2 vols (Munich: Verlag Ign. Jos. Lentner, 1819), p. 2·87.
  • I Dist. 28 q. 2 art. 1, 2, 3. Thomas Aquinas, Scriptum super libros sententiarum: Magistri Petri Lombardi, episcopi parisiensis, ed. by Pierre Mandonnet, 2 vols (Paris: Lethielleux, 1929), p. 1·677.
  • ‘Inspired by the divine’, see Raphael, ceiling fresco in the Stanza della Segnatura, Apostolic Palace, Vatican; inscription based on Vergil, Aeneid VI 50.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 5.
  • Address to the Bishops of France, n. 5.
  • Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Exhortation, Sacramentum Caritatis (22 February 2007); see especially n. 35 - short-cut at: <http://www.adoremus.org/SacramentumCaritatis.html#Anchor-Beauty-5185> [accessed 20 July 2012].
  • Cf. Benedict XVI, Address to the Roman Curia (22 December 2005): AAS 98 (2006), 44–45.
  • SC 116, cf. General Instruction of the Roman Missal, n. 41.
  • Cf. Synod Proposition 36.
  • Summa Theologiae, 1 q. 27 a. 2: ‘processio Verbi in divinis […] Procedit enim per modum intelligibilis actionis […] et secundum rationem similitudinis, quia conceptio intellectus est similitudo rei intellectae’; based upon John 14·9 (Φιλιππε, ο εωρακως εµε εωρακεν τον πατερα; Philippe, qui videt me, videt et Patrem; Philip, whoever sees me sees the Father); Col 1·15 (εικον του θεου του αορατου; Qui est imago Dei invisibilis; Who is the image of the invisible God); and Heb 1·3 (χαρακτηρ της υποστασεως αυτου; figura substantiae ejus; the figure of his substance). Subsequent references to Summa Theologiae take the form ST.
  • ST 1, q. 34, a. 2, resp.
  • ST 1, q. 35, a. 2.
  • Ex 3·14.
  • See B. Nichtweiss, Erik Peterson: Neue Sicht auf Leben und Werk (Freiburg: Herder, 1992), pp. 722–830, esp. pp. 738 ff., pp. 779 ff.; and note the review of G. Quispel, Vigiliae Christianae, 47/1 (March 1993), 101–13. The letter to Schmitt is Nichtweiss, Erik Peterson, p. 741, note 159. See also Ch. M. Hagen, ‘Sonoritas: Die klingende Ikone’, Sinfonia sacra, 23 (June 2008), 1–5.
  • Denzinger-Hünermann 246 and see also R. Skeris, ‘Lex orandi, Lex credendi’, in Encyclopedia of Catholic Doctrine, ed. by R. Shaw (Huntington, IN: Our Sunday Visitor, 1997), pp. 378–79.
  • E. Peterson, ‘Das Buch von den Engeln’, in Erik Peterson: Theologische Traktate, ed. by B. Nichtweiss (Würzburg: Echter, 1994), pp. 195–243 (p. 197). Also E. Peterson, The Angels and the Liturgy, trans. by R. Walls (New York: Herder & Herder, 1964), p. viii.
  • E. Peterson, Die Kirche (Munich: Beck, 1929), p. 14.
  • R. Sohm, Das altkatholische Kirchenrecht und das Dekret Gratians (Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, 1918).
  • Peterson, The Angels and the Liturgy, pp. ix–x. F. Hofmann, Der Kirchenbegriff des Augustinus (Munich: Kösel, 1933), pp. 492, 496 ff. shows that Augustine’s concept of the civitas Dei and the ecclesia Catholica are not simply coextensive.
  • ST 3, q. 83, a. 1 ad. 2: ‘The celebration of this sacrament is an image representing Christ’s Passion’; and see also ST 3, q. 79, a. 1.
  • SC 7, 33; and see R. Skeris, ‘Liturgy’, in Encyclopedia of Catholic Doctrine, pp. 385–89.
  • This has recently been intimated by Ch. Schönborn, Die Christus-Ikone, new edn (Vienna: Wiener Dom-Verlag, 1998), pp. 214–18.
  • SC 116.
  • Ignatios of Antioch, Letter to the Ephesians, 4·1–3; R. Skeris, Chroma theou, Musicae Sacrae Meletemata 1 (Altötting: A. Coppenrath, 1976), pp. 21–22, 121–22. See also the valuable discussion of the entire subject in E.M. Radaelli, Ingresso alla Bellezza: Fondamenti a un’ Estetica Trinitaria (Verona: Fede & Cultura, 2007), pp. 58–85 et passim.
  • Benedict XVI, Meeting with the Parish Priests and the Clergy of the Diocese of Rome, 7 February 2008; available at: <http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/speeches/2008/february/documents/hf_ben-xvi_spe_20080207_clergy-rome_en.html> [accessed 20 July 2012].
  • Benedict XVI, Meeting with the Parish Priests and the Clergy.

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