References
- Argandona, A. (1998). The stakeholder theory and the common good. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, 1093–1102.
- Bowen, W. G., & Levin, S. A. (2003). Reclaiming the game: College sports and educational values. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Clarkson, M. B. (1995). A stakeholder framework for analyzing and evaluating corporate social performance. Academy of Management Review, 20, 92–117.
- Comeaux, E. (2010). Mentoring as an intervention strategy: Toward a (re)negotiation of first year student-athlete role identities. Journal for the Study of Sports and Athletes in Education, 4(3), 257–275.
- Comeaux, E. (2013). Rethinking academic reform and encouraging organizational innovation: Implications for stakeholder management in college sports. Innovative Higher Education, 38, 281–293.
- Comeaux, E., & Harrison, C. K. (2011). A conceptual model of academic success for student-athletes. Educational Researcher, 40(5), 235–245.
- Covell, D., & Barr, C. A. (2010). Managing intercollegiate athletics. Scottsdale: Holcomb Hathaway.
- Devellis, R. E. (2010). Scale development: Theory and applications (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
- Eichelberger, C., & Levinson, M. (2007). College football powers prove academic bonus payments worthless. Bloomberg News. Retrieved from: www.bloomberg.com.
- Eitzen, D. S. (2012). Fair and foul: Beyond the myths and paradoxes of sport. New York, NY: Rowman & Littlefield.
- Etzioni, A. (1964). Modern organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Finley, P., & Fountain, J. J. (2010). An investigation of successful football bowl subdivision coaches and the disproportional academic achievement of their White and African-American football players. Academic Leadership Journal, 8(2). Retrieved from: www.academicleadership.org.
- Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Boston: Pitman/Ballinger (Harper Collins).
- Friedman, M. T., Parent, M. M., & Mason, D. S. (2004). Building a framework for issues management in sport through stakeholder theory. European Sport Management Quarterly, 4(3), 170–190.
- Gaston-Gayles, J. L., & Hu, S. (2009). The influence of student engagement and sport participation on college outcomes among Division I student athletes. Journal of Higher Education, 80, 315–333.
- Hamel, G. (1996). Strategy as revolution. Harvard Business Review, 74(4), 69–82.
- Harper, S. R., Williams Jr., C. D., & Blackman, H. W. (2013). Black male student-athletes and racial inequities in NCAA Division I college sports. Retrieved from: https://www.gse.upenn.edu/equity/sites/gse.upenn.edu.equity/files/publications/Harper_Williams_and_Blackman_28201329.pdf.
- Harrison, C. K., & Boyd, J. (2007). Mainstreaming and integrating the spectacle and substance of scholar-baller: A new blueprint for higher education, the NCAA, and society. In D. Brooks & R. Althouse (Eds.), Diversity and social justice in college sports: Sport management and the student-athlete, pp. 201–231. Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology.
- Jayakumar, U., & Comeaux, E. (2011). A perpetual (un)balancing act: The role of an athletic organization in shaping student-athlete identities. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA.
- Jones, T. and Wicks, A. (1999). Convergent stakeholder theory. Academy of Management Review, 24, 206–221.
- Knight Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics. (2001). A call to action: Reconnecting college sport and higher education. Miami, FL: Author.
- Knight Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics. (2010). Restoring the balance: Dollars, values, and the future of college sports. Miami, FL: Author.
- Knorr, J. (2004). Athletics on campus: Refocusing on academic outcomes. Phi Kappa Phi Forum, 84(4), 17–20.
- Lawrence, S. M., Harrison, C. K., & Stone, J. (2009). A day in the life of a male college athlete: A public perception and qualitative campus investigation. Journal of Sport Management, 23, 591–614.
- Mitchell, R. K., Agle, B. R., & Wood, D. J. (1997). Toward a theory of stakeholder identification and salience: Defining the principle of who and what really counts. Academy of Management Review, 22, 853–888.
- NCAA. (2011a). Our mission. Retrieved from: www.ncaa.org.
- NCAA. (2011b). National and sport-group APR averages, trends and penalties. Retrieved from: http://www.ncaa.org.
- Pascarella, E. T., Edison, M., Hagedorn, L. S., Nora, A., & Terenzini, P. T. (1996). Influences of students’ internal locus attribution for academic success in the first year of college. Research in Higher Education, 37, 731–753.
- Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
- Putler, D., & Wolfe, R. (1999). Perceptions of intercollegiate athletic programs: Priorities and tradeoffs. Sociology of Sport Journal, 16, 301–325.
- Schroeder, P. J. (2010). A model for assessing organizational culture in intercollegiate athletic departments. Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics, 3, 98–118.
- Sheehan, K. (2001). E-mail survey response rates: A review. Journal of Computer Mediated-Communication, 6(2). Retrieved from: http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol6/issue2/sheehan.html.
- Singer, J. N. (2009). African American football athletes’ perspectives on institutional integrity in college sport. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 80(1), 102–116.
- Starik, M. (1994). The Toronto conference: Reflections on stakeholder theory. Business and Society, 33, 89–95.
- Taylor, D. L. (1995). A comparison of college athletic participants and nonparticipants on self-esteem. Journal of College Student Development, 36, 444–451.
- Trail, G., & Chelladurai, P. (2000). Perceptions of goals and processes of intercollegiate athletics: A case study. Journal of Sport Management, 14, 154–178.
- Trail, G. & Chelladurai, P. (2002). Perceptions of intercollegiate athletic goals and processes: The influence of personal values. Journal of Sport Management, 16, 289–310.
- Whitt, E. J., Edison, M. I., Pascarella, E. T., Nora, A., & Terenzini, P. T. (2001). Influences on openness to diversity and challenge in the second and third years of college. Journal of Higher Education, 72, 172–204.
- Wolf-Wendell, L. E., Toma, D., & Worphew, C. C. (2001). There's no “I” in team: Lessons from athletics on community building. Review of Higher Education, 24, 369–396.
- Wolverton, B. (2008). Athletes’ hours renew debate over college sports. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from: http://chronicle.com.