694
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

The effectiveness of strain counterstrain in the treatment of patients with chronic ankle instability: A randomized clinical trial

, &

References

  • Waterman BR, Owens BD, Davey S, Zacchilli MA, Belmont PJ Jr. The epidemiology of ankle sprains in the United States. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010;92:2279–84.
  • Fong DT, Hong Y, Chan LK, Yung PS, Chan KM. A systematic review on ankle injury and ankle sprain in sports. Sports Med. 2007;37:73–94.
  • Hertel J. The complex etiology of lateral ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005;35:A9–10.
  • Hertel J, Kaminski TW. Second international ankle symposium summary statement. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005;35:A2–6.
  • Denegar CR, Miller SJ 3rd. Can chronic ankle instability be prevented? Rethinking management of lateral ankle sprains. J Athl Train. 2002;37:430–5.
  • Holmes A, Delahunt E. Treatment of common deficits associated with chronic ankle instability. Sports Med. 2009;39:207–24.
  • Hertel J. Overview of the etiology of chronic ankle instability. Third International Ankle Symposium: keynote lecture. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006;36:A7.
  • Kaminski TW, Hartsell HD. Factors contributing to chronic ankle instability: a strength perspective. J Athl Train. 2002;37:394–405.
  • Hartsell HD, Spaulding SJ. Eccentric/concentric ratios at selected velocities for the invertor and evertor muscles of the chronically unstable ankle. Br J Sports Med. 1999;33:255–8.
  • Wilkerson GB, Pinerola JJ, Caturano RW. Invertor vs. evertor peak torque and power deficiencies associated with lateral ankle ligament injury. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1997;26:78–86.
  • Freeman MA, Dean MR, Hanham IW. The etiology and prevention of functional instability of the foot. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1965;47:678–85.
  • Freeman MA. Instability of the foot after injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1965;47:669–77.
  • Lentell GL, Katzman LL, Walters MR. The relationship between muscle function and ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1990;11:605–11.
  • Ryan L. Mechanical stability, muscle strength, and proprioception in the functionally unstable ankle. Aust J Physiother. 1994;40:41–7.
  • Hertel J. Functional instability following lateral ankle sprain. Sports Med. 2000;29:361–71.
  • Refshauge KM. Sensory deficits with ankle injuries. Second International Ankle Symposium: plenary lecture II. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005;35:A10–11.
  • Willems T, Witvrouw E, Verstuyft J, Vaes P, De Clercq D. Proprioception and muscle strength in subjects with a history of ankle sprains and chronic instability. J Athl Train. 2002;37:487–93.
  • Bullock-Saxton JE. Sensory changes associated with severe ankle sprain. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1995;27:161–7.
  • Wilkerson GB, Nitz AJ. Dynamic ankle stability: mechanical and neuromuscular interrelationships. J Sport Rehabil. 1994;3:43–57.
  • Riemann BL, Lephart SM. The sensorimotor system, part II: the role of proprioception in motor control and functional joint stability. J Athl Train. 2002;37:80–4.
  • Mattacola CG, Dwyer MK. Rehabilitation of the ankle after acute sprain or chronic instability. J Athl Train. 2002;37:413–29.
  • Hertel J, Buckley WE, Denegar CR. Serial testing of postural control after acute lateral ankle sprain. J Athl Train. 2001;36:363–8.
  • Docherty CL, Arnold BL, Gansneder BM, Hurwitz S, Gieck J. Functional-performance deficits in volunteers with functional ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2005;40:30–4.
  • Riemann BL. Is there a link between chronic ankle instability and postural instability? J Athl Train. 2002;37:386–93.
  • Olmsted LC, Carcia CR, Hertel J, Shultz SJ. Efficacy of the star excursion balance test in detecting reach deficits in subjects with chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2002;37:501–6.
  • Gribble PA, Hertel J, Denegar CR, Buckley WE. The effects of fatigue and chronic ankle instability on dynamic postural control. J Athl Train. 2004;39:321–9.
  • Vaes P, Duquet W, Van Gheluwe B. Peroneal reaction times and eversion motor response in healthy and unstable ankles. J Athl Train. 2002;37:475–80.
  • Vaes P, Van Gheluwe B, Duquet W. Control of acceleration during sudden ankle supination in people with unstable ankles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2001;31:741–52.
  • Vaes P. Efficacy of control during sudden ankle inversion. Second International Ankle Symposium: plenary lecture III. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005;35:A12.
  • van Cingel EH, Kleinrensink G, Uitterlinden EJ, Rooijens PP, Mulder PG, Aufdemkampe G, et al. Repeated ankle sprains and delayed neuromuscular response: acceleration time parameters. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006;36:72–9.
  • Ebig M, Lephart SM, Burdett RG, Miller MC, Pincivero DM. The effect of sudden inversion stress on EMG activity of the peroneal and tibialis anterior muscles in the chronically unstable ankle. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1997;26:73–7.
  • Myers JB, Riemann BL, Hwang JH, Fu FH, Lephart SM. Effect of peripheral afferent alteration of the lateral ankle ligaments on dynamic stability. Am J Sports Med. 2003;31:498–506.
  • Sefton JM, Yarar C, Hicks-Little CA, Berry JW, Cordova ML. Six weeks of balance training improves sensorimotor function in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2011;41:81–9.
  • Hertel J. Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2002;37:364–75.
  • Bullock-Saxton JE, Janda V, Bullock MI. The influence of ankle sprain injury on muscle activation during hip extension. Int J Sports Med. 1994;15:330–4.
  • Klykken LW, Pietrosimone BG, Kim KM, Ingersoll CD, Hertel J. Motor-neuron pool excitability of the lower leg muscles after acute lateral ankle sprain. J Athl Train. 2011;46:263–9.
  • McVey ED, Palmieri RM, Docherty CL, Zinder SM, Ingersoll CD. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition in the leg muscles of subjects exhibiting functional ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int. 2005;26:1055–61.
  • Hopkins J, Ingersoll CD. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition: a limiting factor in joint rehabilitation. J Sport Rehabil. 2000;9:135–59.
  • Pietrosimone BG, McLeod MM, Lepley AS. A theoretical framework for understanding neuromuscular response to lower extremity joint injury. Sports Health. 2012;4:31–5.
  • Needle AR, Charles BB, Farquhar WB, Thomas SJ, Rose WC, Kaminski TW. Muscle spindle traffic in functionally unstable ankles during ligamentous stress. J Athl Train. 2013;48:192–202.
  • Korr IM. The neural basis of the osteopathic lesion. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1947;47:191–8.
  • Korr IM. Proprioceptors and somatic dysfunction. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1975;74:638–50.
  • Jones L, Kusunose R, Goering E. Jones Strain-Counterstrain. 1st edn. Boise, ID: Jones Strain-Counterstrain, Inc; 1995.
  • Jones LH. Spontaneous release by positioning. DO. 1964;4:109–16.
  • Jones LH. Strain and counterstrain. American Academy of Osteopathy; Indianapolis, IN 1981.
  • D'Ambrogio KJ, Roth GB. Positional release therapy: assessment and treatment of musculoskeletal dysfunction. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1997.
  • Wong CK. Strain counterstrain: current concepts and clinical evidence. Man Ther. 2012;17:2–8.
  • Melzack R, Stillwell DM, Fox EJ. Trigger points and acupuncture points for pain: correlations and implications. Pain. 1977;3:3–23.
  • Wong C, Schauer C. Reliability, validity and effectiveness of strain counterstrain techniques. J Man Manip Ther. 2004;12:107–12.
  • Lewis C, Flynn TW. The use of strain-counterstrain in the treatment of patients with low back pain. J Man Manip Ther. 2001;9:92–8.
  • Wong C, Schauer-Alvarez C. Effect of strain counterstrain on pain and strength in hip musculature. J Man Manip Ther. 2004;12:215–23.
  • Collins CK. Physical therapy management of complex regional pain syndrome I in a 14-year-old patient using strain counterstrain: a case report. J Man Manip Ther. 2007;15:25–41.
  • Mattacola CG, Lloyd JW. Effects of a 6-week strength and proprioception training program on measures of dynamic balance: a single-case design. J Athl Train. 1997;32:127–35.
  • Wilkerson G. Functional rehabilitation. A protocol for management of the lateral ankle sprain. Rehabil Manag. 1996;9:54–60.
  • Gribble PA, Hertel J, Plisky P. Using the star excursion balance test to assess dynamic postural-control deficits and outcomes in lower extremity injury: a literature and systematic review. J Athl Train. 2012;47:339–57.
  • Hertel J, Braham RA, Hale SA, Olmsted-Kramer LC. Simplifying the star excursion balance test: analyses of subjects with and without chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006;36:131–7.
  • Hertel J, Miller SJ. Intratester and intertester reliability during the star excursion balance tests. J Sport Rehabil. 2000;9:104–16.
  • Gribble PA, Hertel J. Considerations for normalizing measures of the star excursion balance test. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 2003;7:89–100.
  • Schaefer JL, Sandrey MA. Effects of a 4-week dynamic-balance-training program supplemented with Graston instrument-assisted soft-tissue mobilization for chronic ankle instability. J Sport Rehabil. 2012;21:313–26.
  • Martin RL, Irrgang JJ, Burdett RG, Conti SF, Van Swearingen JM. Evidence of validity for the foot and ankle ability measure (FAAM). Foot Ankle Int. 2005;26:968–83.
  • Jaeschke R, Singer J, Guyatt GH. Measurement of health status. Ascertaining the minimal clinically important difference. Control Clin Trials. 1989;10:407–15.
  • Struijs PA, Damen PJ, Bakker EW, Blankevoort L, Assendelft WJ, van Dijk CN. Manipulation of the wrist for management of lateral epicondylitis: a randomized pilot study. Phys Ther. 2003;83:608–16.
  • Smidt N, van der Windt DA, Assendelft WJ, Deville WL, Korthals-de Bos IB, Bouter LM. Corticosteroid injections, physiotherapy, or a wait-and-see policy for lateral epicondylitis: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;359:657–62.
  • Cleland JA, Childs JD, Whitman JM. Psychometric properties of the Neck Disability Index and Numeric Pain Rating Scale in patients with mechanical neck pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;89:69–74.
  • Howell JN, Cabell KS, Chila AG, Eland DC. Stretch reflex and Hoffmann reflex responses to osteopathic manipulative treatment in subjects with Achilles tendinitis. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2006;106:537–45.
  • Delahunt E, Monaghan K, Caulfield B. Altered neuromuscular control and ankle joint kinematics during walking in subjects with functional instability of the ankle joint. Am J Sports Med. 2006;34:1970.
  • Wikstrom EA, Bishop MD, Inamdar AD, Hass CJ. Gait termination control strategies are altered in chronic ankle instability subjects. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42:197–205.
  • Cleland JA, Abbott JH, Kidd MO, Stockwell S, Cheney S, Gerrard DF, et al. Manual physical therapy and exercise versus electrophysical agents and exercise in the management of plantar heel pain: a multicenter randomized clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009;39:573–85.
  • George SZ, Robinson ME. Dynamic nature of the placebo response. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010;40:452–4.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.