73
Views
34
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Cutaneous and post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum in endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis, northwestern Iran 2002–2011: a case series

, , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 194-197 | Received 20 Mar 2013, Accepted 13 May 2013, Published online: 03 Dec 2013

References

  • Alvar J, Vélez ID, Bern C, Herrero M, Desjeux P, Cano J, et al.. Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence. PloS one. 2012;7(5):356–71.
  • World Health Organization. Report of a meeting of the WHO expert committee on the control of leishmaniases, 22–26 March 2010. Geneva, 2010.
  • Reithinger R, Dujardin JD, Louzir H, Pirmez C, Alexander B, Brooker S. Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007:7:581–96
  • Edrissian GhH. Visceral leishmaniasis in Iran and the role of serological tests in diagnosis and epidemiological studies. Parasitology for 21st Century (ICOPA VIII). Izmir, Turkey: CAB International; 1996. 63–78.
  • Mohebali M, Javadian E, Yaghoobi-Ershadi MR, Akhavan AA, Hajjaran H, Abaei MR. Characterization of Leishmania infection in rodents from endemic areas of the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 2004:10(4/5):591–9.
  • Mohebali M, Hajjaran H, Hamzavi Y, Mobedi I, Arshi S, Zarei Z, et al.. Epidemiological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Vet Parasitol. 2005:129(3–4):243–51.
  • Parvizi P, Mazloumi-Gavgani A, Davies C, Courtenay O, Ready P. Two Leishmania species circulating in the Kaleybar focus of infantile visceral leishmaniasis, northwest Iran: implications for deltamethrin dog collar intervention. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008:102(9):891–7.
  • Mohebali M, Edrissian Gh H, Shirzadi MR, Akhoundi B, Hajjaran H, Zarei Z, et al.. An observational study on the current distribution of visceral leishmaniasis in different geographical zones of Iran and implication to health policy. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2011:9:67–74.
  • Rassi Y, Javadian E, Nadim A, Zahraii A, Vatandoost H, Motazedian H, et al.. Phlebotomus (Larroussius) kandelakii the principal and proven vector of visceral leishmaniasis in north west of Iran. Pak J Biol Sci. 2005:8(12):1802–6.
  • Azizi K, Rassi Y, Javadian E, Motazedian M, Asgari Q, Yaghoobi-Ershadi M. First detection of Leishmania infantum in Phlebotomus (Larroussius) major (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Iran. J Med Entomol. 2008:45(4):726–31.
  • Rassi Y, Javadian E, Nadim A, Rafizadeh S, Zahraii A, Azizi K, Mohebali M. Phlebotomus perfiliewi transcaucasicus, a vector of Leishmania infantum in northwestern Iran. J Med Entomol. 2009:46(5):1094–8.
  • Oshaghi MA, Ravasan NM, Hide M, Javadian EA, Rassi Y, Sadraei J, et al.. Phlebotomus perfiliewi transcaucasicus is circulating both Leishmania donovani and L. infantum in northwest Iran. Exp Parasitol. 2009:123(3):218–25.
  • Mohebali M, Poormohammadi B, Kanani A, Hajjaran H, Edrissian G, Rodents H: another group of animal reservoir hosts of visceral leishmaniasis in Meshkin-Shahr district, the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 1998:4(2):376–8.
  • Mohebali M, Nadim A, Tahvildar-Bidruni G. Report of cutaneous leishmaniasis after kala-azar in Moghan city from Ardebil province. Hakim (in persian). 1998;1(1):57–61.
  • Kumar PV, Sadeghi E, Torabi S. Kala-azar with disseminated dermal leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1989;40(2):150–3.
  • World Health Organization. Basic laboratory methods in medical parasitology. 1st ed. Geneva, 1991.
  • Fakhar M, Motazedian M, Hatam G, Asgari Q, Kalantari M, Mohebali M. Asymptomatic human carriers of Leishmania infantum: possible reservoirs for Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis in southern Iran. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2008;102(7):577–83.
  • Abass E, Mahamoud AH, Mansour D, Mohebali M, Harith A. Validation of a β-ME ELISA for detection of anti Leishmania donovani antibodies in eastern Sudan. Iran J Immunol. 2011;8(3):150–8.
  • Yokota M, Tatsumi N, Tsuda I, Yano I. DNA extraction and amplification from Giemsa-stained blood smears. J Clin Lab Anal. 1995;9(6):387–91.
  • Ghasemian M, Maraghi S, Samarbafzadeh A, Jelowdar A, Kalantari M. The PCR-based detection and identification of the parasites causing human cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Iranian city of Ahvaz. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2011;105(3):209–15.
  • Motazedian H, Karamian M, Noyes H, Ardehali S. DNA extraction and amplification of Leishmania from archived, Giemsa-stained slides, for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis by PCR. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2002;96(1):31–4.
  • Dereure J, El-Safi SH, Bucheton B, Boni M, Kheir MM, Davoust B, et al.. Visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan: parasite identification in humans and dogs; host-parasite relationships. Microbes Infect. 2003;5:1103–8.
  • Ridolfo AL, Gervasoni C, Antinori S, Pizzuto M, Santambrogio S, Trabattoni D, et al.. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis during highly active antiretroviral therapy in an AIDS patient infected with Leishmania infantum. J Infect. 2000;40:199–202.
  • Stark D, Pett S, Marriott D, Harkness J. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum in a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patient. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44(3):1178–80.
  • Zijlstra EE, Musa AM, Khalil EAG, El Hassan IM, El Hassan AM. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2003;3(2):87–98.
  • BenSaid M, Guerbouj S, Saghrouni F, Fathallah-Mili A, Guizani I. Occurrence of Leishmania infantum cutaneous leishmaniasis in central Tunisia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2006;100(6):521–6.
  • Ben-Ismail R, Smith D, Ready P, Ayadi A, Gramiccia M, Ben-Osman A. Sporadic cutaneous leishmaniasis in north Tunisia: identification of the causative agent as Leishmania infantum by the use of a diagnostic deoxyribonucleic acid probe. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1992;86(5):508–10.
  • Gramiccia M, Gradoni L, Pozio E. Leishmania infantum as an agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Abruzzi region (Italy). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1987:81(2):235–7.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.