Comparative performance of the probable case definitions of dengue by WHO (2009) and the WHO-SEAR expert group (2011)

References

• Gubler DJ, Kuno G. Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever. New York: CABI Publishing; 1978.
   Google Scholar
• Lall R, Dhanda V. Dengue haemorrahagic fever and the dengue shock syndrome in India. Natl Med J India. 1996;9:20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• State Bulletin, Thiruvananthapuram. Integrated Disease Surveillance Project, State Surveillance Unit, Directorate of Health Services: Government of Kerala; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Anoop M, Issac A, Mathew T, Philip S, Kareem NA, Unnikrishnan R, et al. Genetic characterization of dengue virus serotypes causing concurrent infection in an outbreak in Ernakulam, Kerala, South India. Indian J Exp Biol. 2010; 48(8):849–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organisation. Norms and standards in epidemiology: case definitions. Epidemiol Bull. 1999;20(1):123.
   Google Scholar
• CDC. Update on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1982;31(37):507–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harris E, Videa E, Perez L, Sandoval E, Téllez Y, Pérez ML, et al. Clinical, epidemiologic, and virologic features of dengue in the 1998 epidemic in Nicaragua. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000;63:5–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabra SK, Jain Y, Pandey RM, Madhulika SinghalT, Tripathi P, et al. Dengue haemorrhagic fever in children in the 1996 Delhi epidemic. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999;93:294–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandyopadhyay S, Lum LC, Kroeger A. Classifying dengue: a review of the difficulties in using the WHO case classification for dengue haemorrhagic fever. Trop Med Int Health. 2006;11:1238–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexander N, Balmaseda A, Coelho IC, Dimaano E, Hien TT, Hung NT, et al. Multicentre prospective study on dengue classification in four South-East Asian and three Latin American countries. Trop Med Int Health. 2011;16(8):936–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Federico N, Gamaliel G, Pérez MA, Elizondo D, Nuñez A, Balmaseda A, et al. Evaluation of the traditional and revised WHO classifications of dengue disease severity. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011. Available from: http://www.plosntds.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri = info%3Adoi%2F10·1371%2Fjournal.pntd.0001397& representation = PDF
   Google Scholar
• Barniol J, Gaczkowski R, Barbato EV, da Cunha RV, Salgado D, Martínez E, et al. Usefulness and applicability of the revised dengue case classification by disease: multicentre study in 18 countries. BMC Infect Dis. 2011;11:106. Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/11/106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadinegoro SR. The revised WHO dengue case classification: does the system need to be modified? Paediatr Int Child Health. 2012;32 (Suppl 1):33–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. Dengue haemorrhagic fever: diagnosis, treatment prevention and control, 2nd edn. Geneva: WHO; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• TDR-WHO Expert Meeting on Effective, Affordable and Evidence-based Dengue Early Warning and Response Systems: Country Case Studies for Sharing Experiences. Freiburg, 2012 June 28–30 (Provisional Report).
   Google Scholar
• WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever revised and expanded edition. New Delhi: WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Dash AP, Rajesh B, Kalra NL. Dengue in South-East Asia: an appraisal of case management and vector control. Dengue Bull. 2012;36:1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Farrar JJ, Hien TT, Horstick O, Hung NT, Jaenisch T, Junghanns T, et al. Dogma in classifying dengue disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89:198–201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lima FR, Croda MG, Muniz DA, Gomes IT, Soares KR, Cardoso MR, et al. Evaluation of the traditional and revised world health organization classifications of dengue cases in Brazil. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2013;68(10):1299–304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinia TN, Vijayakumar K, Pradeep Kumar AS, Anoop M, Sreekumar E, Ramani Bai JT, et al. Performance of WHO probable case definition of dengue in Kerala, India, and its implications for surveillance and referral. Dengue Bull. 2012;36:94–104.
   Google Scholar
• Quader AJ, Gandham P, Nandeshwar AJ. Screening for dengue infection in clinically suspected cases in a rural teaching hospital. J Microbiol Biotech Res. 2013;3(2):26–9.
   Google Scholar
• Glas AS, Lijmerb JG, Prinsc MH, Bonseld GJ, Bossuyta PM. The diagnostic odds ratio: a single indicator of test performance. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003;56:1129–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horstick O, Farrar L, Lum L, Martinez E, San Martin JL, Ehrenberg J, et al. Reviewing the development, evidence base, and application of the revised dengue case classification. Pathog Glob Health. 2012;106(2):94–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (WHO) and the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR). Dengue: guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. Geneva: WHO; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia. Guidelines for treatment of dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever in small hospitals. New Delhi: WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in the Americas: guidelines for prevention and control. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization; 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Yee Sin L, Tun LT, Fisher DA, Low JG, Oh HM, Narayanan RL, et al. Confirmed adult dengue deaths in Singapore: 5-year multi-center retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis. 2011;11:123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sam SS, Omar SF, Teoh BT, Abd-Jamil J, AbuBakar S. Review of dengue hemorrhagic fever fatal cases seen among adults: a retrospective study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(5):e2194. Available from www.plosntds.org
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guzman MG, Alvarez M, Rodriguez R, Rosario D, Vázquez S, Valdes L, et al. Fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever in Cuba, 1997. Int J Infect Dis. 1999;3(3):130–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Balmaseda A, Hammond SN, Pérez MA, Cuadra R, Solano S, Rocha J, et al. Short report: assessment of the World Health Organization scheme for classification of dengue severity in Nicaragua. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005;73:1059–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shahid A, Ali N, Ashraf S, Ilyas M, Tariq WU, Chotani RA. Dengue fever outbreak: a clinical management experience. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2008;18(1):8–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dengue fever. e-book. Chapter 2. Clinical diagnosis. WHO. Available from: http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/dengue/012-23.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Khan NA, Azhar EI, El-Fiky S, Madani HH, Abuljadial MA, Ashshi AM, et al. Clinical profile and outcome of hospitalized patients during first outbreak of dengue in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Acta Trop. 2008;105(1):39–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gascón J, Giner V, Vidal J, Jou JM, Mas E, Corachán M. Dengue: a re-emerging disease. A clinical and epidemiological study in 57 Spanish travellers. Med Clin (Barc). 1998;111(15):583–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tyagi BK, Hiriyan J, Philip S, Tewari C and Paramasivan R. Dengue in Kerala: a critical review. ICMR Bull. 2006;36(4–5):13–22. Available from http://icmr.nic.in/bulletin/english/2006/april-may06.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Tewari KN, Tuli NR, Devgun SC. Clinical profile of dengue fever and use of platelets in four tertiary level hospitals of Delhi in the year 2009. JIACM. 2013;14(1):8–12.
   Google Scholar
• Rachel D, Rajamohanan AbyZP. A study of clinical profile of dengue fever in Kollam, Kerala, India. Dengue Bull. 2005;29:197–202.
   Google Scholar
• Singh NP, Jhamb R, Agarwal SK, Gaiha M, Dewan R, Daga MK, et al. The 2003 outbreak of dengue fever in Delhi, India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2005;36:1174–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Abdallah TM, Ali AA, Karsany MS, Adam I. Epidemiology of dengue infections in Kassala, Eastern Sudan. J Med Virol. 2012;84(3):500–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madani TA, Abuelzein el-TM, Al-Bar HM, Azhar EI, Kao M, Alshoeb HO, et al. Outbreak of viral hemorrhagic fever caused by dengue virus type 3 in Al-Mukalla, Yemen. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar