266
Views
22
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Results from 99 seawater RO membrane autopsies

, , , , &
Pages 40-47 | Received 19 Jun 2013, Accepted 20 Aug 2013, Published online: 18 Nov 2013

References

  • Langelier W. F. 1946. Chemical equilibria in water treatment, J. AWWA, 38(2), 169.
  • Ryznar J. W. 1944. A new index for determining amount of calcium carbonate scale formed by a water, J. AWWA, 36, 472.
  • Stiff J. H. A. and Davis L. E. 1952. A method for predicting the tendency of oil field water to deposit calcium carbonate, Pet. Trans. AIME, 195, 213.
  • Sheikholeslami R. 2013. Scaling Potential Index (SPI) for calcium carbonate – a theoretical approach incorporating Gibbs free energies. AIChE, to be published.
  • Darton E. G. and Fazell M. 2001. A statistical review of 150 membrane autopsies, Proc. 62nd Annual Int. Water Conf., Pittsburgh PA, USA, October.
  • Saeed M. O., Jamaluddin A. T. and Tisan I. A. 1999. Biofouling in a Seawater Reverse Osmosis Plant on the Red Sea Coast, Saudi Arabia, Proc. IDA World Cong. on ‘Desalination’, San Diego CA, USA, Volume II, Pages 207–221.
  • Winters H. 1994. Biofouling status of the Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) Reverse Osmosis (RO) Plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, A Consultancy Report.
  • Murphy A. P. 1991. Accelerated deacetylation of cellulose acetate by metal salts with aqueous chlorine, Res. J., 63, 177–180.
  • Swaddle T. W. 1990. Inorganic chemistry: an industrial and environmental perspective. Academic Press Limited.
  • Armstrong M. W. Gallego S. Chesters S. P. Cleaning clay from fouled membranes. Desalination and Water Treatment 10 (2009), 108–114.
  • Abdul Aziz H., Alias S., Assari F. and Nordin Adlan M. 2007. The use of alum, ferric chloride and ferrous sulphate as coagulants in removing suspended solids, colour and COD from semi-aerobic landfill leachate at controlled pH.
  • Koutsakos E., Delaisse G., van der Wal W. 2009. Successful antiscalant field trial – optimization at higher pH and sea water temperature – Larnaca Desalination Plant EDS Conference – desalination for the environment, Baden – Baden, Germany, May, 1.
  • Hassan, Ata. M., Abanmy A., Farooque A. M., Jamaluddin A. T. M., Al-Amoudi A. and Mani T. 1995. Optimization of SWRO pretreatment – Part 1 SDI Measurement Technical Report No. SWCC(RDC) – 37, Proc. IDA World Conf. on ‘Desalination and water sciences’, Abu-Dhabi, November, 18–24.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.