2
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

A Study to Compare the Effects of Simulated Torquing Forces on Pre-adjusted Orthodontic Brackets

, B.D.S., M.Sc., F.D.S., M.Orth., , B.D.S., M.Sc., F.D.S., M.Orth. & , M.I.Sc.T.
Pages 359-365 | Accepted 01 Oct 1993, Published online: 21 Jun 2016

References

  • Andrews, L. F. (1972) The six keys to normal occlusion, American Journal of Orthodontics, 62, 296–309.
  • Andrews, L. F. (1979) The Straight-Wire Appliance, British Journal of Orthodontics, 6, 125–143.
  • Armitage, P. and Berry, G. (1987) Statistical Methods in Medical Research, Blackwell, Oxford.
  • Birnie, D. J. and Orton, H. S. (1979) The production of pretorqued arch blanks using an 0·018-in. Loper Turret, British Journal of Orthodontics, 6, 153–156.
  • Carlsson, R. and Rönnerman, A. (1973) Crown root angles of upper central incisors, American Journal of Orthodontics, 64, 147–154.
  • Creekmore, T. D. (1976) The importance of interbracket width in orthodontic tooth movement, Journal of Clinical Orthodontics, 10, 530–534.
  • Creekmore, T. D. (1979) JCO Interview: Creekmore on Torque, Journal of Clinical Orthodontics, 13, 305–310.
  • Davis, H. D. (1987) Torquing in class: An interesting twist for orthodontists, British Journal of Orthodontics, 14, 1991–202.
  • Dellinger, E. L. (1978) A scientific assessment of the Straight wire Appliance, American Journal of Orthodontics, 73, 290–299.
  • Ferguson, J. W. (1990) Torque-in-base: Another straight-wire myth?, British Journal of Orthodontics, 17, 57–61.
  • Germane, N., Bentley, B. E. Jr and Isaacson, R. J. (1989) Three biologic variables modifying faciolingual tooth angulation by straight-wire appliances, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, 96,312–319.
  • Hixson, M. E., Brantley, W. A., Pincsak, J. J. and Conover, J. P. (1982) Changes in bracket slot tolerance following recycling of direct-bond metallic orthodontic appliances, American Journal of Orthodontics, 81, 447–454.
  • Meyer, M. and Nelson, G. (1978) Preadjusted edgewise appliances: theory and practice, American Journal of Orthodontics, 73, 485–498.
  • Morrow, J. B. (1978) The angular variability of the facial surfaces of the human dentition: an evaluation of the morphological assumptions implicit in the various ‘straight-wire techniques’, M.Sc. Thesis, St. Louis University, Missouri.
  • Nikolai, R. J. (1985) Bioengineering Analysis of Orthodontic Mechanics, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A.
  • Popov, E. P. (1968) Introduction to Mechanics of Solids, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall.
  • Raphael, E., Sandrik, J. L. and Klapper, L. (1981) Rotation of rectangular wire in rectangular molar tubes-Part I, American Journal of Orthodontics, 80, 136–144.
  • Rauch, E. D. (1959) Torque and its application to Orthodontics, American Journal of Orthodontics, 45, 817–830.
  • Schrody, D. W. (1974) A Mechanical Evaluation of Buccal Segment Reaction to Edgewise Torque, Angle Orthodontist, 44, 120–126.
  • Schudy, G. F. and Schudy, F. F. (1989) Intrabracket space and interbracket distance: Critical factors in clinical orthodontics, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, 96, 281–294.
  • Sebanc, J., Brantley, W. A., Pinscak, J. J. and Conover, J. P. (1984) Variability of effective root torque as a function of edge bevel on orthodontic arch wires, American Journal of Orthodontics, 86, 43–51.
  • Wagner, J. A. and Nikolai, R. J. (1985) Stiffness of incisor segments of edgewise arches in torsion and bending, Angle Orthodontist, 55, 37–50.
  • Wheeler, R. C. (1974) Dental Anatomy, Physiology and Occlusion, W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.