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Articles

Leaf Protein: Production and Use

Pages 168-176 | Published online: 18 Jul 2013

Notes and literature cited

  • R. Graves, The Greek Myths Penguin Books. Graves argues that Homer, who refers to a midden, was, unlike Hesiod, not from mainland Greece (1955).
  • N. W. Pirie, Phil. Trans. RS(B) 281, 139 (1977).
  • H. M. Rouelle, J. Méd. Chir. Pharm. 40, 59. Rouelle does not explain why he chose hemlock. I have eaten lp from it without ill effect (1773).
  • N. W. Pirie, Interdisc. Sci. Rev. 9(2), 149 (1984).
  • S. A. Bingham, Nutr. Abstr. Rev. A. 57. 705 (1987 ). G. H. Beaton, Proc. Nutr. Soc. 47, 63 (1988).
  • M. Nelson, Brit. J. Nutr. 55, 267 (1986).
  • R. G. Whitehead, Proc. RS(B) 199, 49 (1977).
  • N. S. Scrimshaw 1985, Food Nutr. Bull. 7(1), 10 (1985 ). K. Blaxter, Lancet i, 309 (1987).
  • N. W. Pirie, Proc. 6th Internat. Cong. Food Sci. Tech. 5, 155 (1984).
  • N. W. Pirie, Leaf protein and its by-products in human and animal nutrition, Cambridge University Press (1987).
  • L. Telek and H. D. Graham, Leaf protein concentrates, avi Publishing Co., Westport, Conn., usa (1983).
  • Many references to this phenomenon are in M. J. Crawley (Herbivory: the dynamics of animal–plant interactions, Blackwell, (1983) and S. J. McNaughton (Amer. Naturalist 128, 765, (1986)). The conclusion is that the effect is not due to salivary stimulation but to increased tillering and a more upright habit in the cropped plants. Other papers show that when edible leaves are harvested from some crops cultivated for seeds or tubers, the value of the leaf may exceed that of the lost crop.
  • M. N. G. Davys and N. W. Pirie, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 11, 528 (1969).
  • J. B. Butler and N. W. Pirie, Expl. Agric. 17, 39 (1981).
  • N.W. Pirie, Expl. Agric. 23, 315 (1987).
  • F. W. Nelson, G. P. Barrington and H. D. Bruhn, Trans. Amer. Soc. Agric. Eng. 24(5), 1146 (1981).
  • N. W. Pirie J. Agric. Eng. Res. 38, 217 (1987).
  • J. Duckworth, W. R. Hepburn and A. A. Woodham, J. Sci. Food Agric. 12, 16 (1961).
  • D. B. Arkcoll, J. Sci. Food Agric. 24, 437 (1973).
  • W. C. Fairbank, L. L. Ede and M. Johnson, Calif. Agric. 41, 13 (1987).
  • N. W. Pirie, Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 34, 229 (1984 ) and 36, 263 (1987).
  • M. N. G. Davys, Leaf Prot. Newsletter 11 (1988 ). This appears at irregular intervals and is available from Dr S. Matai, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 Barrackpore Trunk Road, Calcutta 700 035, India. Each number contains about 40 summaries of recent papers connected with leaf protein.
  • F. H. Shah, A. S. Sheikh, N. Farrukh and A. Rasool, Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 30, 245 (1981).
  • Find Your Feet (fyf), a registered charity, collects money from various sources and finances many leaf protein projects. The death of Find Your Feet’s chairman Carol Martin in February 1989 was a grave misfortune, but its work goes on. fyf’s new address is 318 St Paul’s Rd, London n1 2lf, and Sue Stoessl is now the chairman. Carol Martin’s book All Crass Is Flesh, which describes her difficulties and successes in coping with official obstruction, is in the press. There are now four fyf projects in Bolivia; three more are planned. Some of the locally produced lp is sold and some is eaten regularly by about 300 children. Two units are working in Mexico, and there is interest in starting production in 50 villages. With support from the Commission of European Communities, fyf/uk and fyf/usa, there is daily production of 2–3 kg of lp in Nicaragua. Again, some is sold and some supplied to children in institutions. Two feeding projects in India have been running for several years; a third, in Orissa, started recently. Sarvodaya, a long-established national organisation working with the poor in Sri Lanka, has taken over responsibility for making and using lp in its national network of pre-schools. The nutritional effect of this is being studied by a team from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine with support from the Overseas Development Agency. This is precisely the sort of development we hoped for. fyf should be an initiating body and should not be permanently responsible for projects.
  • M. J. C. Rhodes and B. H. Kirsop, Biologist 29(3), 134 (1982).
  • K. Elliott and J. Knight (Eds), Health and Industrial Growth, ciba Foundation Symp., Elsevier (1975).
  • E. Saouma, Ceres 19(5), 15 (1986).

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