23
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Analysis of a Mini-Outbreak of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Surgical Ward by Using Arbitrarily Primed-Polymerase Chain Reaction

Pages 138-144 | Published online: 18 Jul 2013

REFERENCES

  • Jevons MP. “Celbenin"-resistant staphylococci. Br Med J 1961; 1: 124–5.
  • Brumfitt W, Hamilton-Miller J. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 1188–96.
  • Benner EJ, Kayser FH. Growing clinical significance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet 1968; 2: 741–4.
  • Hall LM, Jordens JZ, Wang F. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from China characterized by digestion of total DNA with restriction enzymes. Epidemiol Infect 1989; 103: 183–92.
  • Peacock JE, Marsik FJ, Wenzel RP. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Introduction and spread within a hospital. Ann Intern Med 1980; 93: 526–32.
  • Shanson DC. Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Hosp Infect 1981; 2: 11–36.
  • Muder RR, Brennen C, Wagener MM, et al. Methicillin-resistant staphylococcal colonization in a long-term care facility. Ann Intern Med 1991; 114: 107–12.
  • Reboli AC, John JFJ, Platt CB, Cantey JR. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus outbreak at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center: importance of the carriage of the organism by hospital personnel. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1990; 11: 291–6.
  • French GL, Cheng AFB, Ling JM et al. Hong Kong strains of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus have similar virulence. J Hosp Infect 1990; 15: 117–25.
  • Casewell MW. Epidemiology and control of modern MRSA. J Hosp Infect 1986; 7 ( Suppl A): 1-11.
  • Nicolas-Chanoine MH. Selection and use of markers to analyse an ongoing MRSA epidemic. In: Brun-Buisson C, Casewell MW, El Solh N, Régnier B, eds. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococi. Paris: Flammarion Médecine-Sciences 1995: 65-72.
  • Branger C, Goullet P. Esterase electrophoretic poly-morphism of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin- resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Microbiol 1987; 24: 275–81.
  • Lacey RW, Grinsted J. Genetic analysis of methicillin resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus: evidence for their evolution from a single clone. J Med Microbiol 1973; 6: 511–26.
  • Mulligan ME, Arbeit RD. Epidemiologic and clinical utility of typing systems for differentiating among strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1991; 12: 20–8.
  • Fang FC, McClelland M, Guiney DG, et al. Value of molecular epidemiologic analysis in a nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus outbreak. JAMA 1993; 270 (11): 1323–8.
  • Welsh J, McClelland M. Fingerprinting genomes using PCR with arbitrary primers. Nucleic Acids Res 1990; 18: 7213–8.
  • Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res 1990; 18: 6531–5.
  • van Belkum A, Bax R, Prevost G. Comparison of four genotyping assays for epidemiological study of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1994; 13: 420–4.
  • Saulnier P, Bourneix C, Prevost G, Andremont A. Random amplified polymorphic DNA assay is less discriminant than pulse-field gel electrophoresis for typing strains of methi-cillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31: 982–5.
  • Struelens MJ, Bax R, Deplano A, et al. Concordant clonal delineation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by using macrorestriction analysis and polymerase chain reaction genome fingerprinting. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31: 1964–70.
  • National Committee for Clinical Laboratoy Standards. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. 6th edition: Approved standards. NCCLS document, M2-A6, Vol.17 No.1, January 1997.
  • National Committee for Clinical Laboratoy Standards. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacte-ria that grow aerobically-Fourth edition: Approved standard. NCCLS document, M7-A4, Vol.17 No.2, January 1997.
  • Ünal S, Hoskins J, Flokowitsch JE, Ernie Wu CY, Preston DA, Skatrud PL. Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by using the polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 1992; 30: 1685–91.
  • Boyce JM. Organization aspects and strategies for control. In: Brun-Buisson C, Casewell MW, El Solh N, Régnier B, eds.Methicillin Resistant Staphylococi. Paris: Flammarion Médecine-Sciences 1995: 147-56.
  • Klimek JJ, Marsik FJ, Bartlett RC, Weir B, Shea P, Quintiliani R. Clinical, epidemiologic and bacteriologic observations of an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a large community hospital. Am J Med 1976; 61: 340–5.
  • Boyce JM, Landry M, Deltz TR, Dupont HL. Epidemiologic studies of an outbreak of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. Infect Control 1981; 2: 110–6.
  • Sanford MD, Widmer AF, Bale MJ, Jones RN, Wenzel RP. Efficient detection and long-term persistence of the carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 19: 1123–8.
  • Coello R, Jimenez J, Garcia M et al. Prospective study of infection colonization and carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an outbreak affecting 990 patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1994; 13: 74–81.
  • Delvecchio VG, Petroziello JM, Gress MJ, et al. Molecular genotyping of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus via fluorophore-enhanced repetitive-sequence PCR. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33 (8): 2141–4.
  • MacPherson JM, Eckstein PE, Scoles GJ, Gajadhar AA. Variability of the random amplified polymorphic DNA assay among thermal cyders and effects of primer and DNA concentartion. Mol Cell Probes 1993; 7: 293–9.
  • Clinical utility of DNA fingerprinting by arbitrarily-primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) in nosocomial infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Kansenshogaku-Zassi. 1995; 69 (11): 1272–7.
  • Locksley RM, Cohen ML, Quinn TC, et al. Multiply antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Introduction, trans-mission and evolution of nosocomial infection. Ann Intern Med 1982; 97: 317–24.
  • Crossley K, Loesch D, Landesman B, Mead K, Chern M, Strate R. An outbreak of infections caused by strains of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and aminogly-cosides. I. Clinical studies. J Infect Dis 1979; 139: 273–9.
  • Ward TT, Winn RE, Hartstein Al, Sewel DL. Observations relating to inter-hospital outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: role of antimicrobial therapy in infection control. Infect Control 1981; 2: 453–9.
  • Williams RE. Healthy carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: its prevalence and importance. Bacteriol Rev 1963; 27: 56–71.
  • Reagan DR, Doebbling BN, Pfaller MA et al. Elimination of coincident Staphylococcus aureus nasal and hand carriage with intranasal application of mupirocin calcium ointment. Ann Intern Med 1991; 114: 101–6.
  • Waldvogel FA. Staphylococcus aureus (including toxic shock syndrome). In: Mandell G, Bennet JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 4th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995: 1754–7.
  • Casewell MW, Hill RLR. The carrier state: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother 1986; 18 ( Suppl A): 1-12.
  • Thompson RL, Cabezudo I, Wenzel RP. Epidemiology of nosocomial infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Ann Intern Med 1982; 97: 309–17.
  • Boyce JM, Opal SM, Potter-Bynoe G, Medeiros AA. Spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a hospital after exposure to a health care worker with chronic sinusitis. Clin Infect Dis 1993; 17: 496–504.
  • Murray-Leisure KA, Geib S, Gracely D, et al. Control of epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1990; 11: 343–50.
  • Alvarez S, Shell C, Cage K, et al. An outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus eradicated from a large teaching hospital. Am J Infect Control 1985; 13: 115–21.
  • Sherertz RJ, Reagan DR, Hampton KD et al. A cloud adult: The Staphylococcus aureusvirus interaction revisited. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 539–47.
  • Eichenwald H, Kotsevalov O, Fasso LA. The “cloud baby": an example of bacterial-viral interaction. Am J Child 1960; 100: 161–73.
  • Mulligan ME, Murray-Leisure KA, Ribner BS et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a consensus review of microbiology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology with implications for prevention and management. Am J Med 1993; 94: 313–28.
  • Bartzokas CA, Paton JH, Gibson MF, Graham F, McLoughlin GA, Croton RS. Control and eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on a surgical unit. N Engl J Med 1984; 311: 1422–5.
  • Harstein Al, Mulligan ME. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In: Mayhall CG, ed. Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control. Williams and Wilkins, 1996: 290-305.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.