REFERENCES
- Bradford P. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases in the 21st century: Characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001; 14: 933–51.
- Bush K. Is it important to identify extended spectrum 13-lactamase producing isolates? Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996; 15 (5): 361–4.
- Pereira M, PeriIli M, Mantengoli E, et al. PER-1 extend-ed-spectrum β-lactamase production in an Alcaligenes fae-calis clinical isolate resistant to expandedp-spectrum cephalosporins and monobactams from a hospital in northern Italy. Microbial Drug Res 2000; 6 (1): 85–90.
- Bauerfeind A, Stemplinger I, Jungwirth R, et al. Characterization of β-lactamase gene blapER, which encodes an extended-spectrum class A β-lactamase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40 (3): 616–20.
- Vahaboglu H, Öztürk R, Aygtin G, et al. Widespread detection of PER-1-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases among nosocomial Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa isolates in Turkey: a nationwide multicenter study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41 (10): 2265–9.
- The Enterobacteriaceae. In: Koneman EW, Allen DS, Janda WM, Schreckenberger PC, Winn WC, eds. Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. 5th ed. New York, Lippincott. 1997: 171-252
- Franceschini N, PeriIli M, Segatore B, et al. Ceftazidime and aztreonam resistance in Providencia stuartii: Characterization of a natural TEM-derived extended-spectrum 13-lactamase, TEM-60. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42 (6): 1459–62.
- De Champs C, Monne C, Bonnet R, et al. New TEM variant (TEM-92) produced by Proteus mirabilis and Providencia stuartii isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45 (4): 1278–80.
- Bonfiglio G, PeriIli M, Stefani S, Amicosante G, Nicoletti G. Prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamases among Enterobacteriaceae: an Italian survey. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002; 19 (3): 213–7.
- Tumbarello M, Citton R, Spanu T, et al. ESBL-produc-ing multidrug-resistant Providencia stuartii infections in a uni-versity hospital. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004; 53 (2): 277–82.
- Marchandin H, Carriere C, Sirot D, Jean-Pierre H, Darbas H. TEM-24 produced by four different species of Enterobacteriaceae, including Providencia rettgeri, in a single patient. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43 (8): 2069–73.
- Akata F, Tatman-Otkun M, Ozcan E, Tansel 0, Otkun M, Tugrul M. Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lacta-mases produced by nosocomial isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in Trakya University Hospital, Turkey. New Microbiol 2003; 26 (3): 257–62.
- National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. Approved standard M2-A8. NCCLS, Wayne, Pa. 2003.
- Sanders CC, Barry AL, Washington JA, et al. Detection of extended-spectrum P-lactamase-producing mem-bers of the family Enterobacteriaceae with the Vitek ESN_ test. J Clin Microbiol 1996; 34 (12): 2997–3001.
- Danel F, Hall LMC, Cur D, Akalin HE, Livermore DM. Transferable production of PER-1 beta-lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Antimicrob Chemother 1995; 35: 281–94.
- Carter MW, Oakton KJ, Warner M, Livermore DM. Detection of extended-spectrum-lactamases in Klebsiellae with the Oxoid combination disk method. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38 (11): 4228–32.
- M'Zali FH, Chanawong A, Kerr KG, Birkenhead D, Hawkey PM. Detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases in members of the family Enterobacteriaceae: comparison of the MAST DD test, the double disc and the E-test ESPL. J Antimicrob Chemother 2000; 45 (6): 881–5.
- Cornaglia G, Frugoni S, Mazzariol A, Piacentini E, Berlusconi A, Fontana R. Activities of oral antibiotics on Providencia strains isolated from institutionalized elderly patients with urinary tract infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39 (12): 2819–21.
- Perilli M, Dell'Amico E, Segatore B, et al. Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamases produced by nosocomial isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from an Italian nationwide survey. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40 (2): 611–4.
- Chanal C, Bonnet R, De Champs C, Sirot D, Labia R, Sirot J. Prevalence of β-lactamases among 1072 clinical strains of Proteus mirabilis: a 2-year survey in a French hos-pital. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44 (7): 1930–5.
- Vahaboglu H, Coskunkan F ,Tansel O, et al. Clinical importance of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (PER-1-type)-producing Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. J Med Microbiol 2001; 50 (7): 642-5.
- Palzkill T, Thomson KS, Sanders CC, Moland ES, Huang W, Milligan TW. New variant of TEM-10 β-lactamase gene produced by a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39 (5): 1199–1200.