Preclinical Studies on Detection of Circulating Melanoma Cells in Patients: Telomerase as a Recognition Marker of Malignancy

REFERENCES

• Vlems FA, Ruers TJ, Punt CJ, Wobbes T, van Muijen GN. Relevance of disseminated tumour cells in blood and bone marrow of patients with solid epithelial tumours in per-spective. Eur J Surg Oncol 2003; 29: 289–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vlems FA, Wobbes T, Punt CJ, van Muijen GN. Detection and clinical relevance of tumor cells in blood and bone marrow of patients with colorectal cancer. Anticancer Res 2003; 23: 523–530.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmieri G, Ascierto PA, Perrone F et al. Prognostic value of circulating melanoma cells detected by reverse tran-scriptase-polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 767–773.
   Google Scholar
• Ghossein RA, Carusone L, Bhattacharya S. Molecular detection of micrometastases and circulating tumor cells in melanoma, prostatic and breast carcinomas. In Vivo 2000; 14: 237–250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutcher JP. The prognostic role of detection of circulat-ing melanoma cells in the blood. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 757–759.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson PJ, Lo YM. Plasma nucleic acids in the diagno-sis and management of malignant disease. Clin Chem 2002; 48: 1186–1193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Cremoux P, Extra JM, Denis MG et al. Detection of MUC1-expressing mammary carcinoma cells in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6: 3117–3122.
   Google Scholar
• Georgieva J, Milling A, Orfanos CE, Geilen CC. Magnetic bead RT-PCR: establishment of a new method for detecting circulating melanoma cells. Melanoma Res 2002; 12: 309–317.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiyama E, Hiyama K. Telomerase as tumor marker. Cancer Lett 2003; 194: 221–233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamad NM, Banik SS, Counter CM. Mutational analy-sis defines a minimum level of telomerase activity required for tumourigenic growth of human cells. Oncogene 2002; 21: 7121–7125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soria JC, Gauthier LR, Raymond E et al. Molecular detection of telomerase-positive circulating epithelial cells in metastatic breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 1999; 5: 971–975.
   Google Scholar
• Gauthier LR, Granotier C, Soria JC et al. Detection of circulating carcinoma cells by telomerase activity. Br J Cancer 2001; 84: 631–635.
   Google Scholar
• Soria JC, Morat L, Durdux C et al. The molecular detection of circulating tumor cells in bladder cancer using telomerase activity. J Urol 2002; 167: 352–356.
   Google Scholar
• Sapi E, Okpokwasili NI, Rutherford T. Detection of telomerase-positive circulating epithelial cells in ovarian cancer patients. Cancer Detect Prey 2002; 26: 158–167.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wong JH, Gupta RK, Morton DL. Demonstration of a well-characterized tumor-associated antigen on melanoma cell surface. J Surg Oncol 1988; 38: 147–150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carey TE, Lloyd KO, Takahashi T, Travassos LR, Old Cell-surface antigen of human malignant melanoma: solu-bilization and partial characterization. Proc Natl Acad Sci (U S A) 1979; 76: 2898–2902.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speiser DE, Migliaccio M, Pittet MJ et al. Human CD8(+) T cells expressing HLA-DR and CD28 show telom-erase activity and are distinct from cytolytic effector T cells. Eur J Immunol 2001; 31: 459–466.
   Google Scholar
• Piatyszek MA, Kim NW, Weinrich SL et al. Detection of telomerase activity in human cells and tumors by a telomer-ic repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). Methods Cell Sci 1995; 17: 1–15.
   Google Scholar
• Simickova M, Nekulova M, Pecen L, Cernoch M, Vagundova M, Pacovsky Z. Quantitative determination of telomerase activity in breast cancer and benign breast diseases. Neoplasma 2001; 48: 267–273.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim NW, Piatyszek MA, Prowse KR et al. Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer. Science 1994; 266: 2011–2015.
   Google Scholar
• Lee HW, Blasco MA, Gottlieb GJ, Homer JW 2nd, Greider CW, DePinho RA. Essential role of mouse telomerase in highly proliferative organs. Nature 1998; 392: 569–574.
   Google Scholar
• Engelhardt M, Kumar R, Albanell J, Pettengell R, Han W, Moore MA. Telomerase regulation, cell cycle, and telom-ere stability in primitive hematopoietic cells. Blood 1997; 90: 182–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greider CW, Blackburn EH. A telomeric sequence in the RNA of Tetrahymena telomerase required for telomere repeat synthesis. Nature 1989; 337: 331–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinrich SL, Pruzan R, Ma L et al. Reconstitution of human telomerase with the template RNA component hTR and the catalytic protein subunit hTRT. Nat Genet 1997; 17: 498–502.
   Google Scholar
• Olovnikov AM. A theory of marginotomy. The incom-plete copying of template margin in enzymic synthesis of polynucleotides and biological significance of the phenome-non. J Theor Biol 1973; 41: 181–190.
   Google Scholar
• Harley CB, Futcher AB, Greider CW. Telomeres short-en during ageing of human fibroblasts. Nature 1990; 345: 458–460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryan TM, Reddel RR. Telomere dynamics and telom-erase activity in in vitro immortalized human cells. Eur J Cancer 1997; 33: 767–773.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodnar AG, Kim NW, Effros RB, Chiu CP. Mechanism of telomerase induction during T cell activation. Exp Cell Res 1996; 228: 58–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weng NP, Levine BL, June CH, Hodes RJ. Regulated expression of telomerase activity in human T lymphocyte development and activation. J Exp Med 1996; 183: 2471–2479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franzese O, Comandini A, Adamo R, Sgadari C, Ensoli B, Bonmassar E. HIV-Tat down-regulates telomerase activity in the nucleus of human CD4+ T cells. Cell Death Differ 2004; 11: 782–784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao JC, Wu JF, Wang DB, Qin R, Zhang H. Relationship between the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene and cell cycle regulators in gastric cancer and its significance. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9: 427–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gertler R, Rosenberg R, Stricker D et al. Prognostic potential of the telomerase subunit human telomerase reverse transcriptase in tumor tissue and nontumorous mucosa from patients with colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 2002; 95: 2103–2111.
   Google Scholar
• Boldrini L, Faviana P, Gisfredi S et al. Evaluation of telomerase in the development and progression of colon can-cer. Int J Mol Med 2002; 10: 589–592.
   Google Scholar
• Poremba C, Heine B, Diallo R et al. Telomerase as a prognostic marker in breast cancer: high-throughput tissue microarray analysis of hTERT and hTR. J Pathol 2002; 198: 181–189.
   Google Scholar
• Straight AM, Patel A, Fenton C, Dinauer C, Tuttle RM, Francis GL. Thyroid carcinomas that express telomerase fol-low a more aggressive clinical course in children and adoles-cents. J Endocrinol Invest 2002; 25: 302–308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sviderskaya EV, Gray-Schopfer VC, Hill SP et al. p16/cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A deficiency in human melanocyte senescence, apoptosis, and immortalization: possi-ble implications for melanoma progression. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003; 95: 723–732
   Google Scholar
• Liu K, Hodes RJ, Weng Np. Cutting edge: telomerase activation in human T lymphocytes does not require increase in telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) protein but is associated with hTERT phosphorylation and nuclear transloca-tion. J Immunol 2001; 166: 4826–4830.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen XQ, Bonnefoi H, Pelte MF et al. Telomerase RNA as a detection marker in the serum of breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6: 3823–3826.
   Google Scholar
• Shin JH, Chung J, Kim HO et al. Detection of cancer cells in peripheral blood of stomach cancer patients using RT-PCR amplification of tumour-specific mRNAs. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16 (Suppl 2):137–144.
   Google Scholar
• Tatsuma T, Coto S, Kitano S, Lin YC, Lee CM, Chen CL. Telomerase activity in peripheral blood for diagnosis of hepatoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 15: 1064–1070.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faraoni I, Turriziani M, Bonmassar E, De Vecchis L, Graziani G. Development of a novel in vitro chemosensitivity assay: Telomerase as a possible marker of tumor cell survival. J. Chemother 1996; 8: 394–398.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faraoni I, Turriziani M, Masci G et al. Decline in telom-erase activity as a measure of tumor cell killing by antineoplas-tic agents in vitro. Clin Cancer Res 1997; 3: 579–585.
   Google Scholar
• Faraoni I, Graziani G, Turriziani M et al. Suppression of telomerase activity as an indicator of drug-induced cytotoxi-city against cancer cells: in vitro studies with fresh human tumor samples. Lab Invest 1999; 79: 993–1005.
   Google Scholar