Capnocytophaga spp. Brain Abscess in an Immunocompetent Host: Problems in Antimicrobial Chemotherapy and Literature Review

REFERENCES

• Feres M, Haffajee AD, Allard K, Som S, Socransky SS. Change in subgingival microbial profiles in adult periodontitis subjects receiving either systemically-administered amoxicillin or metronidazole. J Clin Periodontol 2001; 28: 597–609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanche P, Sicard D, Meyniard 0, Ratovery D, Brun T, Paul G. Capnocytophaga can imorsus lymphocytic meningitis in an immunocompetent man who was bitten by a dog. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 18: 654–655.
   Google Scholar
• Lion C, Escande F, Burdin JC. Capnocytophaga can i-morsus infections in human: review of the literature and cases report. Eur J Epidemiol 1996; 12: 521–533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pers C, Gahrn-Hansen B, Frederiksen W. Capnocytophaga can imorsus septicemia in Denmark, 1982-1995: review of 39 cases. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 71–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martino R, Ramila E, Capdevila JA, et al. Bacteremia caused by Capnocytophaga species in patients with neutrope-nia and cancer: results of a multicenter study. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33: e20–e22.
   Google Scholar
• Frey E, Pressler B, Guy J, Pitulle C, Breitschwerdt E. Capnocytophaga sp. isolated from a cat with chronic sinusitis and rinitis. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41: 5321–5324.
   Google Scholar
• Brook I. Microbiology and management of human and animal bite wound infections. Prim Care 2003; 30: 25–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phipps SE, Tamblyn DM, Badenoch PR. Capnocytophaga canimorsus endophthalmitis following cataract surgery. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 2002; 30: 375–377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirza I, Wolk J, Toth L, Rostenberg P, Kranwinkel R, Sieber SC. Waterhouse-Fridericksen syndrome secondary to Capnocytophaga can imorsus septicemia and demonstration of bacteremia by peripheral blood smear. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000; 124: 859–863.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonatti H, Rossboth DW, Nachbaur D, et al. A series of infections due to Capnocytophaga spp in immunosup-pressed and immunocompetent patients. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9: 380–387.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geisler WM, Malhotra U, Stamm WE. Pneumonia and sepsis due to fluoroquinolone-resistant Capnocytophaga gingi-ualis after autologous stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001; 28: 1171–1173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mantadakis E, Danilatou V, Christidou A, Stiataki E, Kalmanti M. Capnocytophaga gengivalis bacteremia detected only on quantitative blood cultures in a child with leukemia. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003; 22: 202–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryson MS, Neilly I, Rodger S, Soutar RL. Purpura ful-minans associated with Capnocytophaga canimorsus infec-tion. Br J Haematol 2003; 121: 1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garcia-Cia JI, Esteban J, Santos-O'Connor D, Roman A, Soriano F. Mixed bacteremia with Capnocytophaga sputi-gena and Escherichia coli following bone marrow transplanta-tion: case report and review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2004; Jan 8 (Epub ahead of print).
   Google Scholar
• Kooter AJ, Derks A, Vasmel WL. Rapidly progressive tricuspid valve endocarditis caused by Capnocytophaga cani-morsus infection in an immunocompetent host. Clin Microbiol Infect 1999; 5: 173–175.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weber G, Abu-Shakra M, Hertzanu Y, Borer A, Sukenik S. Liver abscess caused by Capnocytophaga species. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25: 152–153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebinger M, Nichterlein T, Schumacher UK, Manncke B, Schmidt D, Bohn I. Isolation of Capnocytophaga granu-losa from an abscess in an immunocompetent adolescent. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30: 606–607.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frigiola A, Badia T, Lovato R, et al. Infective endo-carditis due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus. Ital Heart J 2003; 4: 725–727.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ehrbar HU, Gubler J, Harbarth S, Hirschel B. Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis complicated by myocar-dial infarction in two patients with normal coronary arteries. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 335–336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engelhardt K, Kampfl A, Spiegel M, Pfausler B, Hausdorfer H, Schmutzhard E. Brain abscess due to Capnocytophaga species, Actinomyces species, and Streptococcus intermedius in a patient with cyanotic congen-ital heart disease. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 21: 236–237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim JO, Ginsberg J, McGowan KL. Capnocytophaga meningitis in a cancer patient. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1996; 15: 636–637.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshii T, Furudoi S, Kohjitani A, Kuwamura K, Komori T. Subdural empyema after tooth extraction in which Capnocytophaga species was isolated. Scand J Infect Dis 2000; 32: 704–705.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Le Moal G, Landron C, Grollier G, Robert R, Burucoa C. Meningitis due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus after receipt of a dog bite: case report and review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 36: e42–e46.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenman JR, Reynolds JK, Kleinman MB. Capnocytophaga canimorsus meningitis in a newborn: an avoidable infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003; 22: 204–205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Archer SL. Dysgonic fermenter 2 infection resulting in chronic glomerulonephritis. Can Med Assoc J 1985; 132: 657–660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roche M, Humphreys H, Smyth E, et al. A twelve-year review of central nervous system bacterial abscesses: presenta-tion and aetiology. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9: 803–809.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Moal G, Landron C, Grollier G, et al. Characteristics of brain abscess with isolation of anaerobic bacteria. Scand J Infect Dis 2003; 35: 318–321.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Livraghi S, Melancia JP, Antunes JL. The management of brain abscesses. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg 2003; 28: 285–313.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Talan DA, Citron DM, Abrahamian FM, Moran GJ, Goldstein EJ. Bacteriologic analysis of infected dog and cat bites. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 85–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stahl JP, Croize J, Wolff M, et al. Poor penetration of teicoplanin into cerebrospinal fluid in patients with bacterial meningitis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1987; 20: 141–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plouffe JF. Emerging therapies for serious gram-posi-tive bacterial infections: a focus on linezolid. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31 (Suppl. 4): S144-S149.
   Google Scholar
• Ament PW, Jamshed N, Home JP. Linezolid: its role in the treatment of gram-positive, drug-resistant bacterial infec-tions. Am Fam Physician 2002; 65: 663–670.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeana C, Kubin CJ, Della-Latta P, Hammer SM. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium meningitis suc-cessfully managed with linezolid: case report and review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33: 477–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viale P, Pagani L, Cristini F, et al. Linezolid for the treatment of central nervous system infections in neurosurgical patients. Scand J Infect Dis 2002; 34: 456–459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar