Lethal Toxicity After 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapy and Its Possible Relationship to Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A Case Report and Review

REFERENCES

• Meta-analysis Group in Cancer. Toxicity of fluorouracil in patients with advanced colorectal cancer: effect of adminis-tration schedule and prognostic factors. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 3537–3541.
   Google Scholar
• American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 6th Edition. New York: Springer, 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Sloan JA, Loprinzi CL, Novotny PJ, Okuno S, Nair S, Barton DL. Sex differences in fluorouracil-induced stomatitis. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18; 412–420.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sloan JA, Goldberg RM, Sargent DJ, et al. Women experience greater toxicity with fluorouracil-based chemothera-py for colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20: 1491–1498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etienne MC, Lagrange JL, Dassonville O, et al. A pop-ulation study of dyhidropyrimidine dehydrogenase in cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 1994; 12: 2248–2253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei X, McLeod HL, McMurrough J, Gonzalez FJ, Fernandez-Salguero P. Molecular basis of the human dihy-dropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency.J Clin Invest 1996; 98: 610–615.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison GB, Bastian A, Dela Rosa T, Diasio RB, Takimoto CH. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency: a pharmacogenetic defect causing severe adverse reactions to 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Oncol Nurs Forum 1997; 24: 83–88.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tuchman M, Stoeckeler JS, Kiang DT, O'Dea RF, Ramnaraine ML, Birkin BL. Familiar pyrimidenia and pyrimid-inuria associated severe fluorouracil toxicity. N Eng J Med 1985; 313: 245–249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris BE, Song R, Soon SJ, Diasio RB. Relationship between dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity and plasma 5-fluorouracil levels with evidence for circadian variation of enzyme activity and plasma drug levels in cancer patients receiving 5-fluorouracil by protacted continuous infusion. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 197–201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleming RA, Milano GA, Gaspard MH, Bargnoux PJ, Thyss A, Plagne R. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in can-cer patients. Eur J Cancer 1993; 29: 740–744.
   Google Scholar
• Houyau P, Gay C, Chatelut E, Canal P, Roche H, Milano G. Severe fluorouracil toxicity in a patient with dihy-dropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency. J Natl Canc Inst 1993; 85: 1602–1603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takimoto CH, Lu ZH, Zhang R, et al. Severe neuro-toxicity following 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in a patient with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency. Clin Cancer Res 1996; 2; 477–481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson MR, Hageboutros A, Wang K, Higj L, Smith JB, Diasio RB. Life-threatening toxicity in a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase-deficient patient after treatment with topical 5-fluorouracil. Clin Cancer Res 1999; 5: 2006-2011.
   Google Scholar
• Milano G, Etienne M, Pierrefite V, Barberi-Heyob M, Deporte-Fety R, Renee N. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase and fluorouracil-related toxicity. Br J Cancer 1999; 79: 627–630.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Kuilenburg ABP, Vreken P, Abeling NGGM, et al. Genotype and phenotype in patients with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency. Hum Genet 1999; 104: 1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watabe T, Okuda H, Ogura K. Lethal drug interactions of the new antiviral, sorivudine, with anticancer prodrugs of 5-fluorouracil. Yagugaku Zasshi 1997; 117: 910–921.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu Z, Zhang R, Diasio RB. Dihydropyrimidine dehydro-genase activity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver: population characteristics, newly identified patients and clinical implications in 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 5433-5438.
   Google Scholar
• Fleming RA, Milano G, Thyss A, et al. Correlation between dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in peripher-al mononuclear cells and systemic clearance of fluorouracil in cancer patients. Cancer Res 1992; 52: 2899–2902.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Paolo A, Danes' R, Falcone A, et al. Relationship between 5-fluorouracil disposition, toxicity and dihydropyrimi-dine dehydrogenase activity in cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2001; 12: 1301-1306.
   Google Scholar
• Van Kuilenburg ABP, Haasjes J, Richel DJ, et al. Clinical implications of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency in patients with severe 5-fluorouracil associat-ed toxicity: identification of new mutations in the DPD gene. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6: 4705-4712.
   Google Scholar
• Lu Z, Zhang R, Diasio RB. Population characteristics of hepatic dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity, a key meta-bolic enzyme in 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995; 53: 5433-5438.
   Google Scholar
• Van Kuilenburg ABP, De Abreu RA, Van Gennip AH. Pharmacogenetic and clinical aspects of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency. Ann Clin Biochem 2003; 40: 41–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Paolo A, Danesi R, Vannozzi F, Falcone A, Mini E, Cionini L et al. Limited sampling model for the analysis of 5-fluorouracil pharmacokinetics in adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2002; 72: 627–637.
   Google Scholar
• Bocci G, Danesi R, Di Paolo A, et al. Comparative pharmacokinetic analysis of 5-fluorouracil and its major metabolite 5-fluoro-5,6-dihydrouracil after conventional and reduced test dose in cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2000; &: 3032-3037.
   Google Scholar
• Wei X, Elizondo G, Sapone A, et al. Characterization of the human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene. Genomics 1998; 51: 391–400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Kuilenburg ABP, Meinsma R, Zoetekouw L, Van Gennip AH. Increased risk of grade IV neutropenia after administration of 5-fluorouracil due to a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency: high prevalence of the IVS14+IG>A mutation. Int J Cancer 2002; 101: 253–258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Kuilenburg ABP, Muller EW, Hassjes J, et al. Lethal outcome of a patient with a complete dihydropyrimi-dine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency after administration of 5-fluorouracil: frequency of the common IVS14 + IC-A mutation causing DPD deficiency. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7: 1149-1153.
   Google Scholar
• Raidia M, Schwabe W, Hausler P, et al. Prevalence of a common point mutation in the dihydropyrimidine dehydro-genase (DPD) gene within the 5"-splice donor site of intron 14 in patients with severe 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) related toxicity compared to controls. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7: 2832–2839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar