Changes in Cellular Immunity during Chemotherapy for Primary Breast Cancer with Anthracycline Regimens

References

• Piccart MJ, de Valeriola D, Dal Lago L, et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy in 2005: Standards and beyond. Breast 2005; 14 (6): 439–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergh J. Adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: “one fits all"? Breast 2005; 14 (6): 564–569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minotti G, Menna P, SalvatoreIli E, et al. Anthracyclines: molecular advances and pharmacologic developments in anti-tumor activity and cardiotoxicity. Pharmacol Rev 2004; 56: 185–229
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robert J. Epirubicin: clinical pharmacology and dose-effect relationship. Drugs 1993;45(Suppl 2):20–30.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goodman JJ, Gillman. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 10th edn. Philadelphia: McGraw-Hill Inc; 2000.
   Google Scholar
• NCCN. Practice guidelines in oncology V2; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Kuter I. Critical commentaries: Breast cancer. Oncologist 2001; 6: 338–346.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sparreboom A, Nooter K, Verweij J. Mechanism of action of cancer chemotherapeutic agent: antitumour antibi-otics. In: Alison M, editor. The cancer handbook. London: Macmillan Publisher Ltd; 2002: 1333-1346.
   Google Scholar
• Danesi R, Fogli S, Gennari A, et al. Pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic relationships of the anthracycline anti-cancer drugs. Clin Pharmacokinet 2002; 41: 431–444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnstone RW, Ruefli AA, Lowe SW. Apoptosis: a link between cancer genetics and chemotherapy. Cell 2002; 108: 153–164.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tripathy D. Targeted therapies in breast cancer. Breast J 2005; 11 (Suppl.1) :S30-S35.
   Google Scholar
• Thalhamer J, Leitner W, Hammeri L, Brtko J. Designing immune responses with genetic immunization and immunostimulatory DNA sequences. Endocrine Regulations 2001; 35: 143–166.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BD Biosciences Life Science Research. FACSCalibur manual. 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Burleson GR, Neldon DL, Lange RW, et al. Methods in immunotoxicology, Volume 2. New York: Wiley-Liss Inc; 1995.
   Google Scholar
• Coico R. Immunologic studies in humans, preparation and functional analysis of human nonlymphoid cells. In: Coligan IE, Kruisbeek AM, Marguiles DH, et al. Current Protocols in Immunology. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc; 1994: 723-731.
   Google Scholar
• Oseas R, Lehrer RI. A micromethod for measuring neutrophil candidacidal activity in neonates. Pediatr Res 1978; 12: 828–830.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehrer R I, Szklarek CD, Selsted EM. Modulation of the in vitro candidacidal activity of human neutrophil defensins by target cell metabolism and divalent cations. J Clin Investig 1988; 81: 1829–1835.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noah RM, Yusuf Z, Jais, et al. Detection of polymor-phonuclear leucocytes dysfunction via chemiluminescence assay in children with recurrent bacterial skin infections. Malaysian J Child Health 1997; 9 (2): 170–173.
   Google Scholar
• Arsenijevic NN, Baskic D, Acimovic LD. Phagocytic activity of monocytes in patients with breast cancer at different clinical stages. Breast Cancer Res 2001; 3 (Suppl.1):sl-s2.
   Google Scholar
• Ruissen AA, Groenink J, Krijtenberg P, et al. Internalisation and degradation of histatin 5 by Candida albi-cans. Biol Chem 2003; 384: 183–190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackall CL, Fleishe, TA, Brown MR, et al. Distinctions between CD8” and CD4” T-cell regenerative pathways result in prolonged T-cell subset imbalance after intensive chemotherapy. Blood 1997; 89 (10): 3700–3707.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lukac J, Lechpammer S, Kusic Z, Bolanca A, Dakovic N. Prognostic significance of phagocytic functions in breast cancer patients. Eur J Cancer 1994; 30: 2185–2186.
   Google Scholar
• Gebhard B, Gnant M, Schutz G, et al. Different transendothelial migration behaviour pattern of blood mono-cytes derived from patients with benign and malignant dis-eases of the breast. Anticancer Res 2000; 20: 4599–4604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim FT, Cepeda R, Kaimei S, et al. Constraints on CD4 recovery postchemotherapy in adults: thymic insufficien-cy and apoptotic decline of expanded peripheral CD4 cells. Blood 1997; 90 (9): 3789–3798.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baum C, Fairbairn II, Hildinger M, et al. New per-spective for cancer chemotherapy by genetic protection of haematopoietic cells. Expert Rev Mol Med 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Murta EF, de Andrade JM, Falcao RP, Bighetti S. Lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with advanced breast cancer submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Tumori 2000; 86: 403–407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomayer EF, Feuerer M, Bai LH, et al. Influence of adjuvant hormone therapy and chemotherapy on the immune system analysed in the bone marrow of patients with breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2003; 9: 174–180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubota Y, Ohji H, Itoh K, Sasagawa I, Nakada T. Changes in cellular immunity during chemotherapy for testicu-lar cancer. Int J Urol 2001; 8: 604–608.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Findlay BP, Dilks CW, Pritchard K. Epirubicin, as a sin-gle agent or in combination for breast cancer. Ontario: Ministry of Health; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Jain KK, Casper ES, Geller NL, et al. A prospective randomized comparison of epirubicin and doxorubicin in patients with advanced breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1985; 3: 818–826.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brambilla C, Rossi A, Bonfante V, et al. Phase II study of doxorubicin versus epirubicin in advanced breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rep 1986; 70: 261–266.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Italian multicentre breast study with epirubicin. Phase III randomized study of fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophos-phamide v fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide in advanced breast cancer: An Italian multicentre trial. J Clin Oncol 1988; 6: 976–982.
   Google Scholar
• French Epirubicin Study Group. A prospective random-ized phase III trial comparing combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, and either doxorubicin or epirubicin. J Clin Oncol 1988; 6: 679–688.
   Google Scholar
• Heidemann E, Steinke B, Hartlapp J, et al. Prognostic subgroups: The key factor for treatment outcome in metastatic breast cancer: Results of a three-arm randomized multicenter trial comparing doxorubicin and mitoxantrone each in combi-nation with cyclophosphamide. Onkologie 1993; 16: 344–353.
   Google Scholar
• Wils JA, Bliss JM, Marty M, et al. Epirubicin plus tamoxifen versus tamoxifen alone in node-positive post-menopausal patients with breast cancer: a randomized trial of the International Collaborative Cancer Group. J Clin Oncol 1999;17;1988–1998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coombes RC, Bliss JM, Wils J, et al. Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil versus fluo-rouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in premenopausal women with axillary node-positive operable breast cancer: results of a randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 1996; 14: 35–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez M, Papaldo P, Di Lauro L, et al. 5-Fluorouracil, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide (FAC) vs 5-fluorouracil, epiru-bicin, cyclophosphamide (FEC) in metastatic breast cancer. Oncology 1989; 46: 1–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theodoulou M, Seidman AD. Cardiac effects of adju-vant therapy for early breast cancer. Semin Oncol 2003; 30: 730–739.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaklamani VG, GRADISHAR WJ. Epirubicin versus doxorubicin: which is the anthracycline of choice for the treat-ment of breast cancer? Clin Breast Cancer 2003;4 Suppl 1: S26–33.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bastholt L, Dalmark M, Gjedde SB, et al. Dose-response relationship of epirubicin in the treatment of post-menopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer: a random-ized study of epirubicin at four different dose levels performed by the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol 1996; 14: 1146–1155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arcamone FM. From the pigments of the actino-mycetes to third generation anfitumor anthracyclines. Biochimie 1998; 80: 201–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ackland SP, Anton A, Breitbach GP, et al. Dose-inten-sive epirubicin-based chemotherapy is superior to an intensive intravenous cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil regimen in metastatic breast cancer: A randomized multina-tional study. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19 (4): 943–953.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar