The Construction of Dry Docks: Some Nineteenth-Century Perspectives

REFERENCES

• In recent times dry docks have fulfilled a further function - that of displaying surviving vessels from by-gone ages. Examples include HMS Victory resting in No.2 Dock at Portsmouth and the SS Great Western now displayed for public view in the dock in which she was constructed at Bristol.
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• J.G. Coad, The Royal dockyards 1690–1850: Architecture and Engineering Works of the Sailing Navy (Scholar Press, Aldershot, 1989).
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• R.C. Riley, The Evolution of the Docks and Industrial Buildings in Portsmouth Royal Dockyard 1698–1914, The Portsmouth Papers, No. 44, (City of Portsmouth, 1985).
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• I. Buxton, 'The Growth of the British Shiprepairing Industry', in An Empire in Decline (University of Liverpool and National Museums and Galleries on Merseyside, 1994).
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• Graving Docks, Floating Docks and Patent Slips in the British Empire (HMSO, London, 1923).
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• The identification of these individuals as leading figures within the civil engineering profession has been made in R.A. Otter, 'The Institution of Civil Engineers Minutes of Proceedings: Do they help to identify greatness?', in Perceptions of Great Engineers 2, eds A. Jarvis and K. Smith (NM and G on Merseyside, Liverpool, 1998), pp. 83–92.
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• The papers and record of discussion are found in Min. Proc. Inst. Civil Eng., vol. 111, (1892–93), pp. 41–128.
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• M. Oppenheim, Naval accounts and inventories of the reign of Henry VII (Navy Records Society,London, 1896) and M.Oppenheim, A history of the administration of the Royal Navy, 1509–1660 (London, 1896), pp. 28–30, 39-40.
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• See for example I. Friel, The Good Ship. Ships Shipbuilding and Technology in England 1200–1520 (British Museum Press, London, 1995) and G. Hutchinson, Medieval Ships and Shipping (Leicester Univ. Press, London, 1994).
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• S. De Camp, The Ancient Engineers (Souvenir Press, London, 1963), pp. 151–52.
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• E. Clark, 'The Hydraulic Lift Graving Dock', Min. Proc. Inst. Civil Eng., vol. 25, (1866), p. 294.
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• J.G. Coad, op. cit. (2), p. 92.
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• Ibid.
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• The foregoing review has been substantially based upon J.G. Coad, op.cit. (2), ch. 5.
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• R. Moriss, The Royal Dockyards during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars (Leicester Univ. Press, Leicester, 1983), p. 44 and Graving docks, op.cit. (5).
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• I. Buxton, op.cit. (4), p. 28.
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• 'Discussion on Graving Docks', Min. Proc. Inst. Civil Eng., vol. 111 (1892–93), p. 99.
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• Information from R.C. Riley, op. cit. (3).
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• Op. cit. (17), p. 104.
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• R.A. Otter, Civil Engineering Heritage Southern England (Thomas Telford, London, 1994), pp. 152–53.
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• Op. cit. (17), p. 99.
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• Ibid., pp. 90,93.
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• Ibid., p. 101.
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• Ibid., p. 100.
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• There is inconsistency between the text and the diagram in the ICE's Minutes of Proceedings - the text refers to the vessel the 'City of Paris' but the diagram is labelled 'City of New York'. This presumed 'typographical' error does not affect the basic point being made about the relationship of ship cross-sectional shape to dry dock cross-sectional shape.
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• Op. cit. (17), pp. 90–91.
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• Ibid., pp. 107–08.
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• Ibid., pp. 111–12.
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• Ibid., p. 101.
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• J. Robinson, 'The Barry Dock Works, Including the Hydraulic Machinery and the Mode of Tipping Coal', MM. Proc. Inst. Civil Eng., vol. 101 (1889–90), p. 141.
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• Op. cit. (17), p. 107.
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• Ibid., p. 91.
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• Ibid., p. 101.
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• 'Discussion on the Barry Dock Works', MM. Proc. Inst. Civil Eng., vol. 101 (1889–90), p. 156.
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• Ibid., pp. 156–57.
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• J.G. Coad, op. cit. (2), p. 94.
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• Ibid., p. 100.
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• D. Macalister, 'Caissons for Dock Entrances', MM. Proc. Inst. Civil Eng., vol. 65 (1881), p. 337.
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• Ibid., p. 338.
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• Ibid., p. 348.
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• Ibid.
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• Op. cit., (17), pp. 91–92.
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• Ibid., p. 101.
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• Ibid., p. 106.
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• C.H. Jordan, Particulars of Dry Docks, Wet Docks, Wharves, &c., on the Thames (Spon, 1904), pp. 6–9.
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• Other important issues not considered would include the means by which dry docks were emptied and many aspects of their construction methodology.
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