Conception rates in clomiphene citrate cycles with and without hormone supplementation: a pilot study

References

• Elkind-Hirsch K, Phillips K, Bello SM, et al. Sequential hormonal supplementation with vaginal estradiol and progesterone gel correct the effect of clomiphene on the endometrium in oligoovulatory women. Hum Reprod 2002;17:295–8
   Google Scholar
• de Ziegler D, Bulletti C, Elkind-Hirsch KE. Enhancing ovulation induction: optimizing the clomiphene cycle with sequential estradiol and vaginal progesterone supplementation. Female Patient 2004;29:49–56
   Google Scholar
• Dickey RP, Holtkamp DE. Development, pharmacology, and clinical experience with clomiphene citrate. Hum Reprod Update 1996;2:483–506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clomid®(Aventis), Prescribing Information, June 2000
   Google Scholar
• Reproductive Endocrinology, Surgery, and Technology. Adashi EY, Rock JA, Rosenwaks Z, editors. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott– Raven, 1996. p.1199
   Google Scholar
• Balasch J, Vanrell JA, Marquez M, et al. Treatment of endometrial luteal phase deficiency after ovulation induced by clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotropin. Fertil Steril 1983;40:469–71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daly DC, Walters Ca, Soto-Albors CE, et al. A randomized study of dexamethasone in ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate. Fertil Steril 1984;41:844–8
   Google Scholar
• Parsanezhad ME, Alborzi S, Motazedian S, et al. Use of dexamethasone and clomiphene citrate in the treatment of clomiphene citrate-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels: a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Fertil Steril 2002;78:1001–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quigley MM, Schmidt CL, Beauchamp PJ, et al. Enhanced follicular recruitment in an in vitro fertilization program: clomiphene alone versus a clomiphene/human menopausal gonadotropin combination. Fertil Steril 1984;42:25–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imoedemhe DA, Shaw RW, Bernard A, et al. Outcome of in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer after different regimens of ovarian stimulation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1987;94:889–94
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Abdalla HI, Ahuja KK, Leonard T, et al. Comparative trial of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog/human menopausal gonadotropin and clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotropin in an assisted conception program. Fertil Steril 1990;53:473–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leeton J, Trounson A, Jessup D. Support of the luteal phase in in vitro fertilization programs: results of a controlled trial with intramuscular Proluton. J In Vitro Fert Embryo Transf 1985;2:166–9
   Google Scholar
• Van Steirteghem AC, Smitz J, Camus M, et al. The luteal phase after in-vitro fertilization and related procedures. Hum Reprod 1988;3:161–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisch P, Casper RF, Brown SE, et al. Unexplained infertility: evaluation of treatment with clomiphenecitrate and human chorionic gonadotropin. Fertil Steril 1989;51:828–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deaton JL, Gibson M, Blackmer KM, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of clomiphene citrate and intrauterine insemination in couples with unexplained infertility or surgically corrected endometriosis. Fertil Steril 1990;54:1083–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlstrom PO, Bergh T, Lundkvist O. A prospective randomized trial of artificial insemination versus intercourse in cycles stimulated with human menopausal gonadotropin or clomiphene citrate. Fertil Steril 1993;59:554–9
   Google Scholar
• Mahani IM, Afnan M. The pregnancy rates with intrauterine insemination (IUI) in superovulated cycles employing different protocols: clomiphene citrate (CC), human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and HMG + CC and in natural ovulatory cycles. J Pak Med Assoc 2004;54:503–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Arici A, Byrd W, Bradshaw K, et al. Evaluation of clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotropin treatment: a prospective, randomized, crossover study during intrauterine insemination cycles. Fertil Steril 1994;61:314–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez AR, Bernadus RE, Voorhorst FJ, et al. A controlled study of human chorionic gonadotrophin induced ovulation versus urinary luteinizing hormone surge for timing of intrauterine insemination. Hum Reprod 1991;6:1247–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zreik TG, Garcia-Velasco JA, Habboosh MS, et al. Prospective, randomized, crossover study to evaluate the benefit of human chorionic gonadotropin-timed versus urinary luteinizing hormone-timed intrauterine inseminations in clomiphene citrate-stimulated treatment cycles. Feritl Steril 1999;71:1070–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandermolen DT, Ratts VS, Evans WS, et al. Metformin increases the ovulatory rate and pregnancy rate from clomiphene citrate in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome who are resistant to clomiphene citrate alone. Fertil Steril 2001;75:3310–5
   Google Scholar
• Kocak M, Caliskan E, Simsir C, et al. Metformin therapy improves ovulatory rates, cervical scores, and pregnancy rates in clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2002;77:101–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturrock ND, Lannon B, Fay TN. Metformin does not enhance ovulation induction in clomiphene resistant polycystic ovary syndrome in clinical practice. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2002;53:469–73
   Google Scholar
• Wu CH, Winkel CA. The effect of therapy initiation day on clomiphene citrate therapy. Fertil Steril 1989;52:564–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerli S, Gholami H, Manna A, et al. Use of ethinyl estradiol to reverse the antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination: a comparative, randomized study. Fertil Steril 2000;73:85–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gysler M, March CM, Mishell Jr DR, et al. A decade’s experience with an individualized clomiphene treatment regimen including its effect on the postcoital test. Fertil Steril 1982;37:161–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ACOG Practice Bulletin. Management of Infertility Caused By Ovulatory Dysfunction. 2002;34
   Google Scholar
• Dickey RP, Olar TT, Taylor SN, et al. Relationship of biochemical pregnancy to preovulatory endometrial thickness and pattern in patients undergoing ovulation induction. Human Reproduction 1993;8:327–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riley GM, Evans TN. Effects of clomiphene citrate on anovulatory ovarian function. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1964;89:97–110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sereepapong W, Suwajanakorn S, Tiratanachat S, et al. Effects of clomiphene citrate on the endometrium of regularly cycling women. Fertil Steril 2000;73:287–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Personal communication, Carlo Bulletti, Data on File, Columbia Laboratories, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Fujii S, Fukui A, Fukushi Y, et al. The effects of clomiphene citrate on normally ovulatory women. Fertil Steril 1997;68: 997–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar