Soldier Performance and Functionality: Impact of Chemical Protective Clothing

REFERENCES

• Bensel, C. K. (1994). Psychological aspects of nuclear, biological, and chemical protection of military personnel ( Rep. No. TTCP–SGU–94–007). Natick, MA: U.S. Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center for The Technical Cooperation Program. ( DTIC No. AD–B196 348)
   Google Scholar
• Bensel, C. K., Teixeira, R. A., & Kaplan, D. B. (1987). The effects of U.S. Army chemical protective clothing on speech intelligibility, visual field, body mobility, and psychomotor coordination of men ( Tech. Rep. No. NATICK–TR–87–037). Natick, MA: U.S. Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center. ( DTIC No. AD–A188 478)
   Google Scholar
• Bensel, C. K., Teixeira, R. A., & Kaplan, D. B. (1992). The effects of two chemical protective clothing systems on the visual field, speech intelligibility, body mobility, and psychomotor coordination of men ( Tech. Rep. No. NATICK–TR–92–025). Natick, MA: U.S. Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center.
   Google Scholar
• Blewett, W. K., Ramos, G. A., Redmond, D. P., & Fatkin, L. T. (1993). A P2NBC2 report: Mechanized smoke operations in MOPP4 ( Tech. Rep. No. ERDEC–TR-122). Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: U.S. Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center. ( DTIC No. AD–B 177 600)
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, F. R., Xenakis, S. N., Ebner, D. G., & Balson, P. M. (1983). Psychological reactions during chemical warfare training. Military Medicine, 148, 232–235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter, B. J., & Cammermeyer, M. (1985). Biopsychological responses of medical unit personnel wearing chemical defense ensemble in a simulated chemical warfare environment. Military Medicine, 150, 239–248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox, T. J., & Jeffers, A. R. (1981). Ground crew chemical defense equipment task-time degradation test ( Tech. Rep. No. ASD–TR–81–5003). Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Aeronautical Systems Division. ( DTIC No. AD–B057 406)
   Google Scholar
• Department of the U.S. Army. (1993). Nuclear, biological, and chemical protection ( Field Manual No.FM 3–4). Washington, DC: Department of the U.S. Army, Headquarters.
   Google Scholar
• Glumm, M. M. (1988). Physiological and psychological effects of the NBC environment and sustained operations on systems in combat (P²NBC²): Tank systems climate-controlled trials (Iron Man) ( Tech. Memorandum No. 9–88). Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory. ( DTIC No. AD–B130 695)
   Google Scholar
• Harrah, D. M. (1985). Binocular scanning performance for soldiers wearing protective masks—II ( Tech. Memorandum No. 14–85). Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory. ( DTIC No. AD–B096 653)
   Google Scholar
• Hines, M., & O'Connor, J. (1926). A measure of finger dexterity. Journal of Personnel Research, 4, 379–382.
   Google Scholar
• House, A. S., Williams, C. E., Hecker, M. H. L., & Kryter, K. D. (1965). Articulation testing methods: Consonantal differentiation in a closed-response set. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 37, 158–166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, R. F., McMenemy, D. J., & Dauphinee, D. T. (1990). Rifle marksmanship with three types of combat clothing. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 34, 1529–1532.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, R. F., & Sleeper, L. A. (1985). Effects of thermal stress and chemical protective clothing on speech intelligibility. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 29, 541–545.
   Google Scholar
• Joy, R. J. T., & Goldman, R. F. (1968). A method of relating physiological and military performance: A study of some effects of vapor barrier clothing in a hot environment. Military Medicine, 133, 458–470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knox, F. S., Mitchell, G. W., Edwards, R. R., & Sanders, M. G. (1989). Results of physiological monitoring of the 1985 P²NBC² tests at Fort Sill, Oklahoma ( USAARL Rep. No. 89–14). Fort Rucker, AL: U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory. ( DTIC No. AD–B136 703)
   Google Scholar
• Kobrick, J. L., & Sampson, J. B. (1979). New inventory for the assessment of symptom occurrence and severity at high altitude. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 50, 925–929.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martin, H. deV., & Goldman, R. F. (1972). Comparison of physical, biophysical and physiological methods of evaluating the thermal stress associated with wearing protective clothing. Ergonomics, 15, 337–342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Military Standard, MIL–STD–1472D. (1989). Human engineering design criteria, for military systems, equipment and facilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
   Google Scholar
• Morgan, W. P. (1983a). Hyperventilation syndrome: A review. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 44, 685–689.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, W. P. (1983b). Problems associated with the wearing of industrial respirators: A review. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 44, 671–676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, W. P., & Raven, P. B. (1985). Prediction of distress for individuals wearing industrial respirators. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 46, 363–368.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munro, I., Rauch, T. M., Banderet, L. E., Lussier, A. R., Tharion, W. J., & Shukin, B. C. (1987). Psychological effects of sustained operations in a simulated NBC environment on MI tank crews ( Tech. Rep. No. T26–87). Natick, MA: U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine. ( DTIC NO. AD–A184 979)
   Google Scholar
• Parker, D. T., Stearman, R. L., & Montgomery, J. R. (1987). Assessment of performance of tasks by personnel dressed in chemical protective clothing ( DPG Document No. DPG–TA–87–15). Dugway, UT: U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground. ( DTIC No. AD–B113 026)
   Google Scholar
• Paull, J. M., & Rosenthal, F. S. (1987). Heat strain and heat stress for workers wearing protective suits at a hazardous waste site. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 48, 458–463.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauch, T. M., Banderet, L. E., Tharion, W. J., Munro, I., Lussier, A. R., & Sbukitt, B. C. (1986). Factors influencing the sustained performance capabilities of 155 Howitzer sections in simulated conventional and chemical warfare environments ( Tech. Rep. No. T11–86). Natick, MA: U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine. ( DTIC No. AD–A173 693)
   Google Scholar
• Raven, P. B., Dodson, A. T., & Davis, T. O. (1979). The physiological consequences of wearing industrial respirators: A review. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 40, 517–534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). STAI manual for the State–Trait Anaiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stack, G. B., & Sager, H. W. (1988). Troop performance degradation in Mission-Oriented Protective Posture Level 4, communication operations ( Tech. Rep. No. DPG–FR–88–701). Dugway, UT: U.S. Army Dngway Proving Ground. ( DTIC No. AD–B120 117)
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, H. L., & Orlansky, J. (1993). The effects of wearing protective chemical warfare combat clothing on human performance. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 64 (3, Sect. 2), A1–A41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warren, P. H., Poole, P. M., & Abusamra, L. C. (1988). The efects of microencapsulation on sensorimotor and cognitive performance: Relationship to personality characteristics and anxiety ( Tech. Rep. No. NATICK–TR–89–015). Natick, MA: U.S. Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center. ( DTIC No. AD–A204 852)
   Google Scholar
• Wick, C. H., Morrissey, J. A., & Klopcic, J. T. (1987). Night reconnaissance operations in Mission-Oriented Protective Posture ( Memorandum No. ARBRL–MR–3628). Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: U.S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory. ( DTIC No. AD–A191 973)
   Google Scholar