- 1) Shibata, S., A drug over the millennia: pharmacognosy, chemistry, and pharmacology of licorice. Yakugaku Zasshi, 120, 849–862 (2000).
- 2) Fukai, T., Satoh, K., Nomura, T., and Sakagami, H., Preliminary evaluation of antinephritis and radical scavenging activities of glabridin from Glycyrrhiza glabra. Fitoterapia, 74, 624–629 (2003).
- 3) Fukai, T., Satoh, K., Nomura, T., and Sakagami, H., Antinephritis and radical scavenging activity of prenylflavonoids. Fitoterapia, 74, 720–724 (2003).
- 4) Ofir, R., Tamir, S., Khatib, S., and Vaya, J., Inhibition of serotonin re-uptake by licorice constituents. J. Mol. Neurosci., 20, 135–140 (2003).
- 5) Fukai, T., Marumo, A., Kaitou, K., Kanda, T., Terada, S., and Nomura, T., Anti-Helicobacter pylori flavonoids from licorice extract. Life Sci., 71, 1449–1463 (2002).
- 6) Haraguchi, H., Yoshida, N., Ishikawa, H., Tamura, Y., Mizutani, K., and Kinoshita, T., Protection of mitochondrial functions against oxidative stresses by isoflavans from Glycyrrhiza glabra. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 52, 219–232 (2000).
- 7) Rosenblat, M., Belinky, P., Vaya, J., Levy, R., Hayek, T., Coleman, R., Merchav, S., and Aviram, M., Macrophage enrichment with the isoflavan glabridin inhibits NADPH oxidase-induced cell-mediated oxidation of low density lipoprotein. A possible role for protein kinase C. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 13790–13799 (1999).
- 8) Belinky, P. A., Aviram, M., Mahmood, S., and Vaya, J., Structural aspects of the inhibitory effect of glabridin on LDL oxidation. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 24, 1419–1429 (1998).
- 9) Belinky, P. A., Aviram, M., Fuhrman, B., Rosenblat, M., and Vaya, J., The antioxidative effects of the isoflavan glabridin on endogenous constituents of LDL during its oxidation. Atherosclerosis, 137, 49–61 (1998).
- 10) Fuhrman, B., Buch, S., Vaya, J., Belinky, P. A., Coleman, R., Hayek, T., and Aviram, M., Licorice extract and its major polyphenol glabridin protect low-density lipoprotein against lipid peroxidation: in vitro and studies in humans and in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 66, 267–275 (1997).
- 11) Vaya, J., Belinky, P. A., and Aviram, M., Antioxidant constituents from licorice roots, isolation, structure elucidation and antioxidative capacity toward LDL oxidation. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 23, 302–313 (1997).
- 12) Yokota, T., Nishio, H., Kubota, Y., and Mizoguchi, M., The inhibitory effect of glabridin from licorice extracts on melanogenesis and inflammation. Pigment Cell Res., 11, 355–361 (1998).
- 13) Groop, L., Genetics of the metabolic syndrome. Br. J. Nutr., 83, S39–S48 (2000).
- 14) Isomaa, B., A major health hazard: the metabolic syndrome. Life Sci., 73, 2395–2411 (2003).
- 15) Fasshauer, M., and Paschke, R., Regulation of adipocytokines and insulin resistance. Diabetologia, 46, 1594–1603 (2003).
- 16) Matsuzawa, Y., Funahashi, T., Kihara, S., and Shimomura, I., Adiponectin and metabolic syndrome. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 24, 29–33 (2004).
- 17) Stolar, M. W., Insulin resistance, diabetes, and the adipocyte. Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm., 59, S3–8 (2002).
- 18) Lin, S., Thomas, T. C., Storlien, L. H., and Huang, X. F., Development of high fat diet-induced obesity and leptin resistance in C57BL/6J mice. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord., 24, 639–646 (2000).
- 19) Collins, S., Martin, T. L., Surwit, R. S., and Robidoux, J., Genetic vulnerability to diet-induced obesity in the C57BL/6J mouse: physiological and molecular characteristics. Physiol. Behav., 81, 243–248 (2004).
- 20) Moraes, R. C., Blondet, A., Birkenkamp-Demtroeder, K., Tirard, J., Orntoft, T. F., Gertler, A., Durand, P., Naville, D., and Begeot, M., Study of the alteration of gene expression in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice by microarray and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses. Endocrinology, 144, 4773–4782 (2003).
- 21) de Fourmestraux, V., Neubauer, H., Poussin, C., Farmer, P., Falquet, L., Burcelin, R., Delorenzi, M., and Thorens, B., Transcript profiling suggests that differential metabolic adaptation of mice to a high fat diet is associated with changes in liver to muscle lipid fluxes. J. Biol. Chem., 279, 50743–50753 (2004).
- 22) Kim, S., Sohn, I., Ahn, J. I., Lee, K. H., Lee, Y. S., and Lee, Y. S., Hepatic gene expression profiles in a long-term high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse model. Gene, 340, 99–109 (2004).
- 23) Turuoka, N., Kidokoro, A., Matsumoto, I., Abe, K., and Kiso, Y., Modulating effect of sesamin, a functional lignan in sesame seeds, on the transcription levels of lipid- and alcohol-metabolizing enzymes in rat liver, a DNA microarray study. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 69, 179–188 (2005).
- 24) Matsui, N., Ito, R., Nishimura, E., Yoshikawa, M., Kato, M., Kamei, M., Shibata, H., Matsumoto, I., Abe, K., and Hashizume, A., Ingested cocoa can prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity by regulating the expression of genes for fatty acid metabolism. Nutrition, 21, 594–601 (2005).
- 25) Tachibana, N., Matsumoto, I., Fukui, K., Arai, S., Kato, H., Abe, K., and Takamatsu, K., Intake of soy protein isolate alters hepatic gene expression in rats. J. Agric. Food Chem., 53. 4253–4257 (2005).
- 26) Nakagawa, K., Kishida, H., Arai, N., Nishiyama, T., and Mae, T., Licorice flavonoids suppress abdominal fat accumulation and increase in blood glucose level in obese diabetic KK-Ay mice. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 27, 1775–1778 (2004).
- 27) Folin, O., and Ciocalteu, V., On tyrosine and tryptophane determinations in proteins. J. Biol. Chem., 73, 627–650 (1927).
- 28) Reeves, P. G., Components of the AIN-93 diets as improvements in the AIN-73A diet. J. Nutr., 127, 838S–841S (1997).
- 29) Harte, R. A., Kirk, E. A., Rosenfeld, M. E., and LeBoeuf, R. C., Initiation of hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia is diet dependent in C57BL/6 mice. Horm. Metab. Res., 31. 570–575 (1999).
- 30) Fasshauer, M., and Paschke, R., Regulation of adipocytokines and insulin resistance. Diabetologia, 46, 1594–1603 (2003).
- 31) Berg, A. H., Combs, T. P., Du, X., Brownlee, M., and Scherer, P. E., The adipocyte-secreted protein Acrp30 enhances hepatic insulin action. Nat. Med., 7, 947–953 (2001).
- 32) Yamauchi, T., Kamon, J., Waki, H., Terauchi, Y., Kubota, Y., Hara, K., Mori, Y., Ide, T., Murakami, K., Tsuboyama-Kasaoka, N., Ezaki, O., Akanuma, Y., Gavrilova, O., Vinson, C., Rettman, M. L., Kagechika, H., Shudo, K., Yoda, Y., Nakano, Y., Tobe, K., Nagai, R., Kimura, S., Tomita, M., Froguel, P., and Kadowaki, T., The fat-derived hormone adiponectin reverses insulin resistance associated with both lipoatrophy and obesity. Nat. Med., 7, 941–946 (2001).
- 33) Maeda, N., Takahashi, M., Funahashi, T., Kihara, S., Nishizawa, H., Kishida, K., Nagaretani, H., Matsuda, M., Komuro, R., Ouchi, N., Kuriyama, H., Hotta, K., Nakamura, T., Shimomura, I., and Matsuzawa, Y., PPAR gamma ligands increase expression and plasma concentrations of adiponectin, an adipose-derived protein. Diabetes, 50, 2094–2099 (2001).
- 34) Ashakumary, L., Rouyer, I., Takahashi, Y., Ide, T., Fukuda, N., Aoyama, T., Hashimoto, T., Mizugaki, M., and Sugano, M., Sesamin, a sesame lignan, is a potent inducer of hepatic fatty acid oxidation in the rat. Metabolism, 48, 1303–1313 (1999).
- 35) Masuzaki, H., Paterson, J., Shinyama, H., Morton, N. M., Mullins, J. J., Seckl, J. R., and Flier, J. S., A transgenic model of visceral obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Science, 294, 2166–2170 (2001).
Full access
Suppression by Licorice Flavonoids of Abdominal Fat Accumulation and Body Weight Gain in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice
Reprints and Corporate Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:
Academic Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:
If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.