Team Building in an Exercise Class for the Elderly

References

• American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand . 1998 . Exercise and physical activity for older adults . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 30 : 992 – 1008 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brayne , C. , Spiegelhalter , D. J. Dufouil , C. 1999 . Estimating the true extent of cognitive decline in the old . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 47 : 1283 – 1288 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell , D. T. and Stanley , J. C. 1963 . Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research , Chicago : Rand McNally .
   Google Scholar
• Carron , A. V. and Hausenblas , H. A. 1998 . Group Dynamics in Sport , Morgantown, WV : Fitness Information Technology, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Carron , A. V. , Hausenblas , H. A. and Mack , D. 1996 . Social influence and exercise: A meta-analysis . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 18 : 1 – 16 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carron , A. V. and Spink , K. S. 1993 . Team building in an exercise setting . The Sport Psychologist , 7 : 8 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carron , A. V. and Spink , K. S. 1995 . The group size-cohesion relationship in minimal groups . Small Group Research , 26 : 86 – 105 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carron , A. V. , Widmeyer , W. N. and Brawley , L. R. 1988 . Group cohesion and individual adherence to physical activity . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 10 : 127 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chogahara , M. , O'Brien , S. Cousins and Wankel , L. M. 1998 . Social influences on physical activity in older adults: A review . Journal of Aging and Physical Activity , 6 : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deforche , B. and De Bourdeaudhuij , I. 2000 . Differences in psychosocial determinants of physical activity in older adults participating in organised versus non-organised activities . The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness , 40 : 362 – 372 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estabrooks , P. A. 2000 . Sustaining exercise participation through group cohesion . Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews , 28 : 63 – 67 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Estabrooks , P. A. and Carron , A. V. 1999 . Group cohesion in older adult exercisers: Prediction and intervention effects . Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 22 : 575 – 588 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estabrooks , P. A. and Carron , A. V. 2000a . Predicting scheduling self-efficacy in elderly exercisers: The role of task cohesion . Journal of Aging and Physical Activity , 8 : 41 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estabrooks , P. A. and Carron , A. V. 2000b . The Physical Activity Group Environment Questionnaire: An instrument for the assessment of cohesion in exercise classes . Group Dynamics , 4 : 230 – 243 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , W. J. 2002 . Exercise as the standard of care for elderly people . Journal of Gerontology , 57A : M260 – M261 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , W. J. 1995 . Effects of exercise on body composition and functional capacity of the elderly . Journal of Gerontology , 50 : 147 – 150 .
   Google Scholar
• Fiatarone and Singh , M. A. 2002 . Exercise comes of age: Rationale and recommendations for a geriatric exercise prescription . Journal of Gerontology , 57A : M262 – M282 .
   Google Scholar
• Folstein , M. F. , Folstein , S. E. and McHugh , P. R. 1975 . “Mini-Mental State”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician . Journal of Psychiatric Research , 12 : 189 – 198 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franks , B. D. and Huck , S. W. 1986 . Why does everyone use the .05 level of significance? . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 57 : 245 – 249 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser , S. N. and Spink , K. S. 2002 . Examining the role of social support and group cohesion in exercise compliance . Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 25 : 233 – 249 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gregg , E. W. , Pereira , M. A. and Caspersen , C. J. 2000 . Physical activity, falls, and fractures among older adults: A review of epidemiologic evidence . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 48 : 883 – 893 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , C. and Russell , A. 2003 . Effects of physical activity on emotional well-being among older Australian women: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 54 : 155 – 160 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadler , J. D. , Relkin , N. R. Cohen , M. S. 1995 . Mental status testing in the elderly nursing home population . Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology , 8 : 177 – 183 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , R. E. , Martin , A. D. , Taunton , J. E. , Rhodes , E. C. , Donnelly , M. and Elliott , J. 1999 . Factors associated with exercise adherence among older adults: An individual perspective . Sports Medicine , 28 : 397 – 411 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robison , J. L. and Rogers , M. A. 1994 . Adherence to exercise programs: Recommendations . Sports Medicine , 17 : 39 – 52 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spink , K. S. 1988 . Facilitating endurance performance: The effect of cognitive strategies and analgesic suggestions . The Sport Psychologist , 2 : 97 – 104 .
   Google Scholar
• Spink , K. S. and Carron , A. V. 1992 . Group cohesion and adherence in exercise classes . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 14 : 78 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spink , K. S. and Carron , A. V. 1993 . The effects of team building on the adherence patterns of female exercise participants . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 15 : 39 – 49 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spink , K. S. and Carron , A. V. 1994 . Group cohesion effects in exercise classes . Small Group Research , 25 : 26 – 42 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada . November 6 2002 . November 6 , Retrieved June 25, 2003, from http://www.12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/Analytic/companion/age/canada.cfm2001 Census: Age and sex profile: Canada
   Google Scholar
• Taaffe , D. R. , Duret , C. , Wheeler , S. and Marcus , R. 1999 . Once-weekly resistance exercise improves muscle strength and neuromuscular performance in older adults . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 47 : 1208 – 1214 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U. S. Department of Health and Human Services . 2000 . Healthy people 2010: Understanding and improving health Retrieved January 17, 2004, from http://www.healthypeople.gov/publications
   Google Scholar
• U. S. National Center for Health Statistics . May 1 2003 . May 1 , Retrieved June 25, 2003, from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/agingact.htmData warehouse on trends in health and aging
   Google Scholar
• Van der Bij , A. K. , Laurant , M. G. and Wensing , M. 2002 . Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for older adults: A review . American Journal of Preventive Medicine , 22 : 120 – 133 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar