Alcohol and Violence Among Youth in Boot Camps for Non-Violent Offenders

References

• Agnew , R. 1995 . Testing the leading crime theories: An alternative strategy focusing on motivational processes . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 32 : 363 – 399 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akers , R. L. 1992 . Drugs, alcohol and society: Social structure, process and policy , Belmont, CA : Wadsworth .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , J. F. , Dyson , L. and Burns , J. C. 1999 . Boot camps: An intermediate sanction , New York : University Press of America .
   Google Scholar
• Baron , S. W. and Hartnagel , T. F. 1998 . Street youth and criminal violence . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 35 : 166 – 192 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartol , C. R. and Bartol , A. M. 1998 . Delinquency and justice: A psychosocial approach, , 2nd ed. , Upper Saddle River, N. J. : Prentice-Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Battin , S. R. , Hill , K. G. , Abbott , R. D. , Catalano , R. F. and Hawkins , J. D. 1998 . The contributions of gang membership to delinquency beyond delinquent friends . Criminology , 36 : 93 – 116 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumer , E. 1994 . Poverty, crack, and crime: A cross-city analysis . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 31 : 311 – 327 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumer , E. , Lauritsen , J. L. , Rosenfeld , R. and Wright , R. 1998 . The influence of crack on robbery, burglary, and homicide rates: A cross-city, longitudinal analysis . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 35 : 295 – 317 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumrind , D. 1991 . The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use . Journal of Early Adolescence , 11 : 56 – 95 .
   Google Scholar
• Baumrind , D. 1996 . Parenting: The discipline controversy revisited . Family Relations , 45 : 405 – 414 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benda , B. B. 1999 . Testing the problem syndrome among young males in boot camp: Use of theoretical elaboration with reciprocal relationships . Social Work Research , 23 : 28 – 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benda , B. B. and Toombs , N. J. 1999 . Testing Theoretical Models with Reciprocal Effects of Drug Use among Boot Camp Participants Using a Developmental Perspective . Journal of Social Service Research , 26 : 1 – 34 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benda , B. B. , Toombs , N J. and Whiteside , L . 1996 . Recidivism among boot camp graduates: A comparison of drug offenders and other offenders . Journal of Criminal Justice , 24 : 241 – 254 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blumstein , A. 1998 . U. S. Criminal justice conundrum: Rising prison populations and stable crime rates . Crime & Delinquency , 44 : 127 – 135 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brewer , D. D. , Hawkins , J. D. , Catalano , R. F. and Neckerman , H. J. 1995 . “ Preventing serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offending: A review of evaluations of selected strategies in childhood, adolescence, and the community ” . In Sourcebook on serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders , Edited by: Howell , J. C. , Krisberg , B. , Hawkins , J. D. and Wilson , J. J. 61 – 141 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Bronfenbrenner , Urie. 1979 . The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bureau of Justice Statistics . 1997 . Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics , Washington, DC : U. S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs .
   Google Scholar
• Capaldi , D. M. and Patterson , G. R. 1996 . Can violent offenders be distinguished from frequent offenders: Prediction from childhood to adolescence . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 33 : 206 – 231 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connecticut Clearinghouse . 1999 . A statistical portrait of young people today , Plainville, CT : editor .
   Google Scholar
• Cronbach , L. J. 1951 . Coefficient alpha and internal structure of tests . Psychometrica , 16 : 297 – 334 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cronin , R. C. 1994 . Boot camps for adult and juvenile offenders: Overview and update , Washington, DC : Department of Justice .
   Google Scholar
• Durkheim , E. 1897 . Suicide: A study in sociology , Glencoe, IL : Free Press . (Originally published Le suicide [1897]) 1951
   Google Scholar
• Empey , L. T. , Stafford , M. C. and Hay , C. H. 1999 . American delinquency: Its meaning and construction, , 4th ed. , Belmont, CA : Wadsworth .
   Google Scholar
• Fagan , J. 1990 . Social and legal policy dimensions of violent juvenile crime . Criminal Justice and Behavior , 17 : 93 – 133 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fagan , J. 1993 . Symposium on the future of research in crime and delinquency . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , : 30 [Special Issue]
   Google Scholar
• Freund , R. J. and Wilson , W. J. 1998 . Regression analysis: Statistical modeling of a Response Variable , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Greenberg , M. T. , Kusche , C. C. , Cook , E. T. and Quamma , J. P. 1995 . Promoting emotional competence in school-aged children: The effects of the PATHS curriculum . Development and Psychopathology , 7 : 117 – 136 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagedorn , J. M. 1994 . Neighborhoods, markets, and gang drug organization . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 31 : 264 – 294 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins , J. D. , Arthur , M. W. and Catalano , R. F. 1995 . “ Preventing substance abuse ” . In Building a safer society: Strategic approaches to crime prevention Crime and justice: A review of research , Edited by: Toney , M. and Farrington , D. P. Vol. 19 , 343 – 427 . Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hirschi , T. and Gottfredson , M . 1993 . Rethinking the juvenile justice system . Crime & Delinquency , 39 : 262 – 271 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudley , C. C. 1994 . “ The reduction of childhood aggression using the Brainpower program ” . In Anger, hostility, and aggression: Assessment, prevention, and intervention strategies for youth , Edited by: Furlong , M. and Smith , D. 313 – 344 . Brandon, VT : Clinical Psychology Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Izzo , R. L. and Ross , R. R. 1990 . Meta-analysis of rehabilitation program for juvenile delinquents . Crime & Delinquency , 17 : 134 – 142 .
   Google Scholar
• Klein , N. C. , Alexander , J. F. and Parsons , B. V. 1977 . Impact of family systems intervention on recidivism and sibling delinquency: A model of primary prevention and program evaluation . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 45 : 469 – 474 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klenka , W. A. 1980 . Discriminant analysis , Beverly Hills, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Lattimore , P. K. , Visher , C. A. and Linster , R. L. 1995 . Predicting rearrest for violence among serious youthful offenders . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 32 : 54 – 83 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leavitt , F. 1995 . Drugs & behavior, , 3rd ed. , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Loeber , R. and Farrington , D. R. 1998 . Serious offender and violent offenders: Risk factors and successful interventions , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Moffitt , T. E. 1993 . Adolescent-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy . Psychological Review , 100 : 674 – 701 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence . 1969 . To establish justice, to ensure domestic tranquillity: Final Report , Washington, DC : Government Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention . 1999a . Juvenile violence Research: A report to Congress , Washington, DC : U. S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs .
   Google Scholar
• Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention . 1999b . National youth gang survey , Washington, DC : U. S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs .
   Google Scholar
• Pallone , N. J. 1999 . On numerators in search of denominators: An exhortation toward caution in interpreting reduction in crime rate . Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , 28 : 145 – 154 .
   Google Scholar
• Pallone , N. J. 2000 . Race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, violent crime: The realities and the myths , New York : The Haworth Press, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Pallone , H. J. and Hennessy , J. J. 1996 . Tinder-box criminal aggression: Neuro-psychology, demography, phenomenology , New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction Books .
   Google Scholar
• Pallone , H. J. and Hennessy , J. J. 1998 . Brain dysfunction and criminal violence . Society , 35 : 21 – 27 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmer , T. 1992 . The re-emergence of correctional intervention , Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Paulson , S. K. 1999 . Teen killers had helpers, it's believed . Arkansas Democrat/Gazette , April 23 : 1A
   Google Scholar
• Patterson , G. R. 1982 . Coercive family process , Eugene, OR : Castalia .
   Google Scholar
• Patterson , G. R. and Dishion , T. J. 1985 . Contribution of families and peers to delinquency . Criminology , 23 : 63 – 79 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapp , L. A. , Wodarski and John , S . 1997 . Juvenile violence: The high risk factors, current interventions for social work practice . Journal of Applied Social Sciences , 22 : 3 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Rosenberg , M. J. 1979 . Conceiving the self , New York : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Sharp , P. M. and Hancock , B. W. 1995 . Juvenile delinquency: Historical, theoretical, and societal reactions to youth , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice-Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Sherman , L. W. , Gottfredson , D. C. , MacKenzie , D. , Eck , J. , Reuter , P. and Bushway , S. 1997 . Preventing crime: What works, what doesn't, what's promising , Washington, DC : U. S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs .
   Google Scholar
• Sholnick , J. H. 1990 . The social structure of street drug dealing . American Journal of Police , 9 ( 1 ) : 41
   Google Scholar
• Sickmund , M. , Snyder , H. N. and Poe-Yamagata , E . 1997 . Juvenile offenders and victims: 1997 update on violence , Washington, DC : Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention .
   Google Scholar
• Simons , R. L. , Whitbeck , L. B. , Conger , R. D. and Conger , K. 1991 . Parenting factors, social skills, and value commitment as precursors to school failure, involvement with deviant peers, and delinquent behavior . Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 20 ( 2 ) : 645 – 663 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sims , B. and Jones , M. 1997 . Predicting success or failure on probation: Factors associated with felony probation outcomes . Crime and Delinquency , 43 : 314 – 327 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stimmel , B. 1993 . The facts about drug use , New York : Haworth Medical Press .
   Google Scholar
• Thornberry , T. P . 1997 . Advances in criminological theory: Developmental theories of crime and delinquency , New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction Books .
   Google Scholar
• Thornberry , T. P. , Krohn , M. D. , Lizotte , A. J. and Chard-Wierschem , D . 1993 . The roles of juvenile gangs in facilitating delinquent behavior . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 30 : 55 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toombs , N. J. , Benda , B. B. and Corwyn , R. F. 1997 . Recidivism among Arkansas boot camp graduates after 12 months . Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , 26 : 141 – 160 .
   Google Scholar
• van den Haag , E . 1975 . Punishing criminals , New York : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , J. Q. 1975 . Thinking about crime , New York : Vintage Books .
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , L. , Welte , J. W. and Wieczorek , W. F. 1999 . Youth gangs, drug use, and delinqunecy . Journal of Criminal Justice , 27 : 101 – 109 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , S. X. 1998 . In search of hopeful glimpses: A critique of research strategies in current boot camp evaluation . Crime & Delinquency , 44 : 314 – 334 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar