Evaluation and Nutrient Quality of Detoxified Jackbean Seeds, Cooked in Distilled Water or Trona Solution, as a Substitute for Soybean Meal in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, Diets

REFERENCES

• Abdo de la Parra , M. I. , Martinez-Palacios , C. A. , Martinez-Rodriguez , I. E. , Gonzalez-Rodriguez , B. , Olvera , M. A. , Vasquez , M. L. and Chavez-Sanchez , C. 1998 . “ Advances in the use of the bean Canavalia maritima as a possible source of protein in diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). ” . In Abstracts of the International Conference-Aquaculture Europe '98 , European Aquaculture Society, Special Publication No. 26 Edited by: Grizel , H. and Kestemont , P. 2 – 3 . Ostende, , Belgium
   Google Scholar
• Akinbiyi , A. 1992 . The use of thermally-processed jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis) in Nile tilapia diets Ibadan, , Nigeria : University of Ibadan . M.Sc. Thesis,
   Google Scholar
• Akiyama , D. M. 1989 . Soybean meal utilization in fish feeds Edited by: Akiyama , D. H. 362 – 371 . China : Proceedings of the People's Republic of China Aquaculture and Feed Workshop .
   Google Scholar
• Ankra , E. K. and Dolvo , F. E. 1978 . Properties of trona and its effect on cooking time of cowpeas. . Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture , 29 : 950 – 952 .
   Google Scholar
• AOAC. 1990 . Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists Fifteenth Edition Arlington, Virginia : Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• APHA (American Public Health Association) . 1980 . Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water, , 15th Edn. Washington, DC : American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Pollution Control Federation .
   Google Scholar
• Babar , V. S. , Chava , J. K. and Kadam , S. S. 1988 . Effect of heat treatments and germination on trypsin inhibitor activity and polyphenols in jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis). . Plant Foods in Human Nutrition , 38 : 319 – 324 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beveridge , M. C.M. and McAndrew , B. J. 2000 . Tilapias: Biology and Exploitation , Fish and Fisheries Series 25 Dordrecht, , The Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Bolin , D. W. , King , R. P. and Klosterman , E. W. 1952 . A simplified method for the determination of chromic oxide (Cr2O3) when used as an index substance. . Science , 16 : 634 – 635 .
   Google Scholar
• Carlini , C. R. and Gumaraes , I. 1981 . Isolation and characterization of toxic protein from Canavalia ensiformis (jackbean) seeds distinct from Concanavalin A. . Toxicon , 19 : 667 – 675 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlini , C. R. and Udedibie , A. B.I. 1997 . Comparative effects of processing methods on haemaglutinating and antitryptic activities of Canavalia ensiformis Canavalia braziliensis seeds. . Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry , 45 : 4372 – 4377 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chow , K. W. 1980 . “ Quality control in fish feed manufacturing. ” . In Fish Feed Technology , FAO/UNDP Training Course. ADCP/REP/80/11 369 – 385 . Rome, , Italy : FAO .
   Google Scholar
• Dale , N. M. , Araba , A. and Whittle , E. 1987 . “ Protein solubility as an indicator of optimum processing of soybean meal. ” . In Proceedings of 1987 Georgia Nutrition Conference for the Feed Industry 88 – 95 . Atlanta, Georgia : Georgia Nutrition Society .
   Google Scholar
• De la Pena , L. D. , Chiu , Y. N. and Ganchero , F. 1987 . Evaluation of various leguminous seeds as protein sources for milkfish, Chanos chanos Forrskal, juveniles. . Asian Fisheries Science , 1 : 19 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• D'Mello , J. P.F. and Walker , A. G. 1991 . Detoxification of jackbeans (Canavalia ensiformis): Studies with young chicks. . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 33 : 117 – 127 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esonu , B. O. , Udedibie , A. B.I. and Carlini , C. R. 1999 . Effect of sprouting on the nutritive value of jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis) for finisher broilers. . Journal of Science and Environment , 1 : 143 – 149 .
   Google Scholar
• Esonu , B. O. , Udedibie , A. B.I. , Oguntuase , O. T. , Nduaka , U. K. , Emenalonu , O. O. and Uchegbu , M. C. 2000 . The effect of trona on the nutritive value of jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis) for broiler finisher. . Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Nigerian Society for Animal Production , 25 : 128 – 131 .
   Google Scholar
• Fagbenro , O. A. 1998 . Apparent digestibility of various legume seed meals in Nile tilapia diets. . Aquaculture International , 6 : 83 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• Fischl , J. 1960 . Quantitative colorimetric determination of tryptophan. . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 235 : 999 – 1001 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwunze , M. O. 1988 . A preliminary analysis of the constituents of the Nigerian crude potash. . Nigerian Journal of Science and Technology , 4 : 64 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Jauncey , K. 1998 . Tilapia Feeds and Feeding Stirling, , Scotland : Pisces Press Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Jauncey , K. 2000 . “ Nutritional requirements. ” . In Tilapias: Biology and Exploitation , Fish and Fisheries Series 25 Edited by: Beveridge , M. C.M. and McAndrew , B. J. 327 – 375 . Dordrecht, , The Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Keembiyehetty , C. N. and De Silva , S. S. 1993 . Performance of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus (L.) reared on diets containing cowpea Vigna catiang and black gram Phaseolus mungo seeds. . Aquaculture , 112 : 207 – 215 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liener , I. E. and Kakade , M. L. 1969 . “ Protease inhibitors. ” . In Toxic Constituent of Plant Foodstuffs 7 – 69 . New York : Academic Press, New York .
   Google Scholar
• Lolas , G. M. and Markakis , P. 1977 . The phytase of navy beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). . Journal of Food Science , 42 : 1094 – 1097 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makanjuola , A. A. and Beetlestone , J. G. 1975 . Some chemical and mineralogical notes on kaun (Trona). . Nigerian Journal of Mining Geology , 10 : 31 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Martinez-Palacios , C. A. , Galvan , C. R. , Olvera-Novoa , M. A. and Charvez-Martinez , C. 1998 . The use of Jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis Leguminosae) meal as a partial substitute for fish meal in diets for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Cichlidae). . Aquaculture , 68 : 165 – 175 .
   Google Scholar
• Montilla , J. J. , Perreioro , M. , Cupul , S. , Guirieri , N. and Preston , T. R. 1981 . Preliminary observations: The effects of ensilage and heat treatments of Canavalia ensiformis seeds in diets for poultry. . Tropical Animal Production , 6 : 376 – 377 .
   Google Scholar
• Nakatsu , S. , Matsuda , M. , Sakagami , T. , Takahashi , T. and Yamamoto , S. 1996 . Decomposition of canavanine of process of germination in the seeds of Canavalia gladiata. . Seikagaku , 38 : 67 – 71 .
   Google Scholar
• Ogunsanwo , B. M. , Sosanwo , O. A. and Adewusi , R. S.A. 1994 . Comparative effect of soaking on nutrient and antinutrient factors of jackbean and swordbean. . Nigerian Journal of Nutritional Science , 15 : 35 – 36 .
   Google Scholar
• Okonkwo , J. C. and Udedibie , A. B.I. 1991 . “ Preliminary observations on the yield performance of jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis) and sword bean (Canavalia gladiata) in the Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. ” . In Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of Agricultural Society of Nigeria 64 – 71 . Nigeria : Minna .
   Google Scholar
• Olvera-Novoa , M. A. , Martinez , P. C.A. , Galvan , C. R. and Chavez , S. C. 1988 . The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania grandiflora as a partial replacement for fishmeal in diets of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). . Aquaculture , 71 : 51 – 60 .
   Google Scholar
• Rajaram , N. and Janardhanam , K. 1992 . Nutritional and chemical evaluation of raw seeds of Canavalia gladiata Canavalia ensiformis. The underutilised food and fodder crops in India. . Plant Foods in Human Nutrition , 42 : 329 – 336 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steffens , W. 1989 . Principles of Fish Nutrition London, , England : Ellis Horwood Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Udedibie , A. B.I. 1990 . Nutritional evaluation of jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis) for the Nigerian poultry industry. . AMBIO , 19 : 361 – 365 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Udedibie , A. B.I. and Carlini , C. R. 1998 . Crack and cook: A simple and quick process for elimination of concanavalin A. (Con. A) from Canavalia seed. . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 74 : 179 – 184 .
   Google Scholar
• Udedibie , A. B.I. and Nkwocha , C. O. 1990 . Comparative study of jackbean and jackbean as protein supplements for young broiler chicks. . Nigerian Agricultural Journal , 24 : 7 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Udedibie , A. B.I. , Esonu , B. O. , Obaji , C. N. and Durunna , C. S. 1994 . Dry urea treatment prior toasting as a method for improving the nutrients value of the jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis) for broilers. . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 48 : 335 – 345 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Udedibie , A. B.I. , Esonu , B. O. , Unachukwu , C. and Iwuoha , N. C. 1996 . Two-stage cooking as a method of improving the nutritive value of jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis) for broilers. . Nigerian Journal of Animal Production , 23 ( 2 ) : 107 – 110 .
   Google Scholar