295
Views
20
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Social Networks of Elders Without Children

, &
Pages 63-84 | Received 19 Sep 1997, Accepted 19 Mar 1998, Published online: 11 Oct 2008

References

  • Alexander , B. B. , Rubinstein , R. L. , Goodman , M. and Luborsky , M. 1992 . A path not taken: A cultural analysis of regrets and childlessness in the lives of older women . The Gerontologist , 32 : 618 – 626 .
  • Bachrach , C. A. 1980 . Childlessness and Social Isolation Among the Elderly . Journal of Marriage and the Family , 42 : 627 – 636 .
  • Beckman , L. J. and Houser , B. B. 1982 . The consequences of childlessness on the social-psychological well-being of older women . Journal of Gerontology , 37 : 243 – 250 .
  • Boyd , S. L. and Treas . 1989 . Family care of the frail elderly: A new look at “Women in the Middle.” . Women?s Studies Quarterly , 1 ( 2 ) : 66 – 73 .
  • Brody , E. M. 1985 . Parent care as a normative family stress . The Gerontologist , 25 : 19 – 29 .
  • Bulcroft , K. A. and Bulcroft , R. A. 1991 . The timing of divorce: Effects on parent-child relationships in later life . Research on Aging , 13 ( 2 ) : 226 – 243 .
  • Cantor , M. H. 1994 . “ Family caregiving: Social care ” . In Family care-giving: Agenda for the future , Edited by: Cantor , M. 1 – 9 . San Francisco, Ca. : American Society on Aging .
  • Chappell , N. L. 1991 . Living Arrangements and Services of Caregiving . Journal Gerontology: Social Sciences , 46 ( 1 ) : S1 – S8 .
  • Choi-Namkee , G. 1994 . Patterns and determinants of social service utilization: Comparison of the childless elderly and elderly parents living with or apart from their children . The Gerontologist , 34 ( 3 ) : 353 – 361 .
  • Cicirelli , V. G. 1981 . Kin Relationships of Childless and One-child Elderly in Relation to Social Services . Journal of Gerontological Social Work , 4 : 19 – 33 .
  • Connidis , I. A. and Davis , L. 1990 . Confidants and companions in later life: The place of family and friends . Journal of Gerontology , 45 : 141 – 149 .
  • Connidis , I. A. and McMullin , J. A. 1993 . Social Support in Older Age: Assessing the Impact of Marital and Parental Status . Canadian Journal on Aging/La Revue Canadienne du Vieillissement , 13 ( 4 ) : 510 – 527 .
  • Coontz , S. 1992 . The Way We Never Were , New York, N. Y. : Basic Books .
  • Dorfman , R. A. , Lubben , J. E. , Mayer-Oakes , A. , Atchison , K. , Schweitzer , S. O. , De-Jong , F. J. and Matthias , R. E. 1995 . Screening for depression among a well elderly population . Social Work , 40 ( 3 ) : 295 – 304 .
  • Goldberg , G. S. , Kantrow , R. , Kremen , E. and Lauter , L. 1986 . Spouseless, Childless Elderly Women and their Social Supports . Social Work , 31 : 104 – 112 .
  • Havens , B. 1992 . Making research relevant to policy . The Gerontologist , 32 : 273
  • Hirsch , S. H. , Mayer-Oakes , A. , Schweitzer , S. O. , Atchison , K. A. , Lubben , J. E. and DeJong , F. 1992 . Enrolling community physicians and their patients in a study of prevention in the elderly . Public Health Reports , 107 ( 2 ) : 142 – 149 .
  • Houser , B. B. , Berkman , S. L. and Beckman , L. J. 1984 . The relative rewards and costs of childlessness for older women . Psychology of Women Quarterly , 8 : 395 – 398 .
  • Ikels , C. 1988 . Delayed Reciprocity and the Support Networks of the Childless Elderly . Journal of Comparative Family Studies , 19 : 99 – 112 .
  • Jette , A. M. , Davies , A. R. and Cleary , P. D. 1986 . The functional status questionnaire: reliability and validity when used in primary care . Journal of Internal Medicine , 1 : 143 – 149 .
  • Johnson , C. L. and Catalano , D. J. 1981 . Childless Elderly and Their Family Supports . The Gerontologist , 21 : 610 – 618 .
  • Kasper , J. D. 1988 . “ Aging alone ” . In Profiles and Projections The Commonwealth Fund
  • Katz , S. and Akpom , C. A. 1976 . A measure of primary sociobiological functions . International Journal of Health Services , 6 : 493 – 507 .
  • Keith , P. M. 1983 . A Comparison of the Resources of Parents and Childless Men and Women in Very Old Age . Family Relations , 32 : 403 – 409 .
  • Kivett , V. R. and Learner , M. 1980 . Perspectives on the childless rural elderly: A comparative analysis . The Gerontologist , 20 : 708 – 716 .
  • Kivett , V. R. 1985 . Consanguinity and kin level: Their relative importance to the helping network of older adults . Journal of Gerontology , 40 : 228 – 234 .
  • Lee , G. R. and Ishii-Kuntz , M. 1988 . Social Interaction, Loneliness, and Emotional Well-Being Among the Elderly . Research on Aging , 9 ( 4 ) : 459 – 482 .
  • Lee , G. R. , Dwyer , J. W. and Coward , R. T. 1990 . Residential Location and Proximity to Children Among Impaired Elderly Parents . Rural Sociology , 55 ( 4 ) : 579 – 589 .
  • Longino , C. F. and Lipman , A. 1982 . The Married, the formerly married and the never married: support system differentials of older women in planned retirement communities . International Journal of Aging and Human Development , 15 : 285 – 297 .
  • Lopata , H. 1973 . Contributions of extended families to the support systems of metropolitan area widows: Limitations of the modified kin network . Journal of Marriage and the Family , 40 : 355 – 364 .
  • Lubben , J. E. 1988 . Assessing social networks among elderly populations . Family Community Health , 11 : 42 – 52 .
  • Lubben , J. E. and Gironda , M. W. 1996 . “ Assessing Social Support Networks among Older People in the United States ” . In The Social Networks of Older People: A Cross-National Analysis , Edited by: Litwin , H. Westport, CT : Greenwood Publishing .
  • Matras , J. 1990 . Dependency, Obligations, & Entitlements: A New Sociology of Aging, the Life Course, and Elderly , New Jersey : Prentice Hall .
  • O'Bryant , S. 1985 . Neighbors' support of older widows who live along in their own homes . The Gerontologist , 25 : 305 – 310 .
  • Peters , G. R. 1987 . Primary-Group Support Systems of the Aged . Research On Aging , 9 : 392 – 416 .
  • Rempel , J. 1985 . Childless Elderly: What Are They Missing? . Journal of Marriage and the Family , 47 : 343 – 348 .
  • Rice , S. 1989 . Single, Older Childless Women: Difference Between Never-married and Widowed Women in Life Satisfaction and Social Support . Journal of Geron-tological Social Work , 13 : 35 – 47 .
  • Rubinstein , R. L. 1987 . Childless Elderly: Theoretical Perspectives and Practical Concerns . Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology , 2 : 1 – 14 .
  • Rubinstein , R. L. , Lubben , J. E. and Mintzer , J. E. 1994 . Social isolation and social support: an applied perspective . The Journal of Applied Gerontology , 13 ( 1 ) : 58 – 72 .
  • Shanas , E. , Townsend , P. , Wedderburn , D. , Friis , H. , Milhoj , P. and Stehouwer , J. 1968 . Aging in Three Industrial Societies , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
  • Singh , B. K. and Williams , J. S. 1981 . Childlessness and Family Satisfaction . Research on Aging , 3 : 218 – 227 .
  • Stoller , E. P. and Earl , L. L. 1983 . Help with activities of everyday life: Sources of support for the noninstitutionalized elderly . The Gerontologist , 23 : 64 – 70 .
  • Stone , R. , Caffereta , G. L. and Sangl , J. 1987 . Caregivers of the frail elderly: A national profile . The Gerontologist , 27 : 616 – 626 .
  • Treas , J. 1977 . Family support systems for the aged: Some social and demographic considerations . The Gerontologist , 17 : 486 – 491 .
  • U. S. Bureau of the Census . 1992 . Sixty-Five Plus in America , Washington, DC : U. S. Government Printing Office . Current Population Reports, Special Studies, P23–178
  • Veevers , J. E. 1980 . Childless By Choice , Toronto : Butterworths Press .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.