Immunophenotyping Predictive of Mycoplasma Infection in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome?

References

• Fukuda K, Strauss SE, Hickie I, et al. The Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, a com-prehensive approach to its definition and study. Ann Intern Med 1994; 121:953–959.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawadi G. Mycoplasma fermentans interaction with monocytes/macrophages: molecular basis. Microbes Infect 2000; 2:955–964.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nasralla M, Haier J, Nicolson GL. Multiple mycoplasmal infections detected in blood of patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and/or Fibromyalgia. Eur J CIM Microbiol Infect Dis 1999; 18:859–865.
   Google Scholar
• Vojdani A, Choppa PC, Tagle C, Andrin R, Samimi B, Lapp CW. Detection of Mycoplasma genus and Mycoplasma fermentans by PCR in patients with Chronic Fa-tigue Syndrome. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 1998; 22:355–365.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nasralla MY, Haier J, Nicolson NL, Nicolson GL. Examination of mycoplas-mas in blood of 565 chronic illness patients by polymerase chain reaction. In J Med Biol Environ 2000; 28:15–23.
   Google Scholar
• Nicolson GL, Nasralla MY, Franco AR, et al. Role of mycoplasmal infections in fatigue illnesses: Chronic Fatigue and Fibromylagia Syndromes, Gulf War Illness and Rheumatoid Arthritis. JCFS 2000; 6:23–39.
   Google Scholar
• Nicolson GL, Nasralla M, Haier J, Nicolson NL. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic mycoplasmal infections in fibromylagia and chronic fatigue syndromes: rela-tionship to gulf war illness. Biomed Ther 1998; 16:266–271.
   Google Scholar
• Nicolson GL, Nicolson NL. Diagnosis and treatment of mycoplasmal infections in Persian Gulf War Illness-CFIDS patients. Int J Occupat Med Immunol Toxicol 1996; 5:67–78.
   Google Scholar
• Suhadolnik RJ, Reichenbach NL, Hitzges P, et al. Upregulation of the 2-5A synthetase/Rnase L antiviral pathway associated with chronic fatigue syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 18:S96–S104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Meirleir K, Bisbal C, Campine I, et al. A 37 kDa 2-5A binding protein as a potential biochemical marker for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Am J Med 2000; 108: 99–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suhadolnik RJ, Peterson DL, O'Brien K, et al. Biochemical evidence for a novel low molecular weight 2-5A-dependent RNase L in chronic fatigue syndrome. J Interferon Cytokine Res 1997; 17:377–385.
   Google Scholar
• Baseman JB, Tully JG. Mycoplasmas: sophisticated, re-emerging and burdened by their notoriety. Emerg Infect Dis 1997; 3:21–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Q, Zhou X-D, Denny T, et al. Changes in immune parameters seen in gulf war veterans but not in civilians with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1999; 6:6–13.
   Google Scholar
• Levine PH, Whiteside TL, Friberg D, Bryant J, Colclough G, Herbertman RB. Dysfunction of natural killer cell activity in a family with chronic fatigue syndrome. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1998; 88:99–104.
   Google Scholar
• Whiteside TL, Friberg D. Natural killer cells and natural killer cell activity in chronic fatigue syndrome. Am J Med 1998; 105:27S–34S.
   Google Scholar
• Baum SC. Mycoplasma diseases. In: Principles and practice of infectious dis-eases (Mandell, G.L., Bennett, J.E., Dolin, R., Eds.) 1995; pp. 1701–1712. Churchill Livingstone, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Kikkawa S, Matsumoto M, Sasaki T, et al. Complement activation in Mycoplasma fermentans-induced Mycoplasma clearence from infected cells: probing of the organ-ism with monoclonal antibodies against M161Ag. Infect Immun 200068:1672-1680.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishiguchi M, Matsumoto M, Takao T, et al. Mycoplasma fermentans lipopro-tein M16 lAg-induced cell activation is mediated by toll-like receptor 2: role of N-ter-minal hydrophobic portion in its multiple functions. J Immunol 2001; 166:2610–2616.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto M, Seya T. M161Ag is a potent cytokine inducer with complement activating function. Int J Mol Med 1999; 3:291–295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cartner SC, Lindsey JR, Gibbs-Erwin J, Cassell GH, Simecka JVV. Roles of in-nate and adaptive immunity in respiratory Mycoplasmosis. Infect Immun 1998; 66: 3485–3491.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romero-Rojas A, Ponce-Hernandez C, Mendoza SE, Reyes-Esparza JA, Estrada-Parra S, Hadden JW. Immunomodulatory properties of Mycoplasma pulmonis. II Studies on the mechanisms of immunomodulation. Int Immunopharmacol 2001; 1: 1689–1697.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brieman L, Friedman HI, Ohlsen R, Stone CJ. Classification and Regression Trees. Belmont California: Wadsworth International Group. 1984.
   Google Scholar
• Holmes GP, Kaplan JE, Gantz NM, et al. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, a working case definition. Ann Intern Med 1988; 108:387–389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy JA. Viral studies of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. CIM Infect Dis 1994; 18;S117–S120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker E, Fujimura SF, Fadem MB, Landay AL, Levy JA. Immunologic abnor-malities associated with chronic fatigue syndrome. OM Infect Dis 1994; 18:S136–S141.
   Google Scholar
• Hassan IS, Bannister BA, Akbar A, Weir W, Bofill M. A study of the immunol-ogy of the chronic fatigue syndrome: correlation of immunologic parameters to health dysfunction. OM Immunol Immunopathol 1998; 87:60–67.
   Google Scholar
• Peakman M, Deale A, Field R, Mahalingham M, Wessely S. Clinical improve-ment in chronic fatigue syndrome is not associated with lymphocyte subsets or func-tion or activation. OM Immunol Immunopathol 1997; 82:83–91.
   Google Scholar
• Swanink CM, Vercoulen JH, Galama TM, Roos MT, Meyaard L, van der Ven-Jongekrijg J, de Nijs R, Bleijenberg G, Fermis JF, Miedema F, van der Meer JW. Lymphocyte subsets, apoptosis, and cytokines in patients with chronic fatigue syn-drome. J Infect Dis 1996; 173:460–463.
   Google Scholar
• Roitt I, Brostoff J, Male D. Cells involved in the immune response. In: Immu-nology: Fifth edition. (Roitt, I., Brostoff, J., Male, D., Eds.), 1998; p. 19. Mosby, Lon-don.
   Google Scholar
• Tirelli U, Marotta G, Improta S, Pinto A. Immunological abnormalities in pa-tients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Scand J Immunol 1994; 40:601–608.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klimas N, Salvato F, Morgan R, Fletcher MA. Immunologic abnormailities in chronic fatigue syndrome. J OM Microbiol 1990; 28:1403–1410.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landay AL, Jessop C, Lennette ET, Levy JA. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: clini-cal condition associated with immune activation. Lancet 1991; 338:707–712.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar