4
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

No Increased Neuromuscular Jitter at Rabbit Skeletal Muscle Trigger Spot Spontaneous Electrical Activity Sites

, , , &
Pages 69-82 | Received 23 Mar 1999, Accepted 22 Aug 1999, Published online: 16 Jan 2010

REFERENCES

  • Travell J G, Rinzler S, Herman M. Pain and disability of the shoulder and arm. JAMA 1942; 20: 417–22
  • Simons D G, Travell J G, Simons L S. Travell & Simons's Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual, second edition. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD 1999; 1
  • Travell J G, Simons D G. Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The trigger point manual, Volume 2. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD 1992
  • Simons D G. Myofascial pain syndrome due to trigger points. In:. Rehabilitation Medicine, J Goodgold. Mosby, St Louis 1988; 686–723
  • Simons D G. Muscular Pain Syndromes. In:. Myofascial Pain and Fibromyalgia. Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, J R Fricton, E A Award. Raven Press, New York 1990; vol 17: 1–41
  • Fricton J R. Myofascial Pain: clinical characteristics and diagnostic criteria. J Musculoske Pain 1993; 1(3/4)37–47
  • Fricton J R. Myofascial Pain, In:. Fibromyalgia and Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Bailliere's clinical Rheumatology: International Practice and Research, Vol 8, No 4, A T Masi. Bailliere Tindall (WB Saunders), Philadelphia 1994; 857–880
  • Gerwin R D. Myofascial aspects of low back pain. Neurosurg Clin North Am 1991; 2(4)761–84
  • Gerwin R D. The clinical assessment of myofascial pain, In:. Handbook of Pain Assessment, D C Turk, R Melzack. The Guilford Press, New York 1992; 61–70
  • Rosen N B. The myofascial pain syndrome. Phys Med Rehabil Clin North Am 1993; 4: 41–63
  • Sola A E, Bonica J J. Myofascial pain syndromes, In:. The Management of Pain, 2nd ed, J D Bonica, J D Loeser, CR Chapman, et al. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia 1990; 352–367
  • Rachlin E S. History and physical examination for regional myofascial pain syndrome. In:. Myofascial Pain and Fibromyalgia: Trigger Point Management, E S Rachlin. Mosby, St. Louis 1994; 159–172
  • Simons D G. Clinical and etiological update of myofascial pain from trigger points. J Musculoske Pain 1996; 4(1/2)93–121
  • Hubbard D R, Berkoff G M. Myofascial trigger points show spontaneous needle EMG activity. Spine 1993; 18: 1803–1807
  • Simons D G, Hong C Z, Simons L S. Nature of myofascial trigger points: active loci. J Musculoske Pain 1995; 3(Suppl 1)62
  • Simons D G, Hong C Z, Simons L S. Spontaneous electrical activity of trigger points [abstract]. J Musculoske Pain 1995; 3(Suppl 1)124
  • Simons D G, Hong C Z, Simons L S. Spike activity in trigger points [abstract]. J Musculoske Pain 1995; 3(Suppl 1)125
  • Hubbard D R. Chronic and recurrent muscle Pain: pathophysiology and treatment, and review of pharmacologic studies. J Musculoske Pain 1996; 4(1/2)123–143
  • Simons D G, Hong C Z, Simons L S. Prevalence of spontaneous electrical activity at trigger spots and at control sites in rabbit skeletal muscle. J Musculoske Pain 1995; 3(1)35–48
  • Hong C Z, Torigoe Y. Electrophysiologic characteristics of localized twitch responses in responsive bands of rabbit skeletal muscle fibers. J Musculoske Pain 1994; 2(2)17–43
  • Liley A W. An investigation of spontaneous activity at the neuromuscular junction of the rat. J Physiol 1956; 132: 650–666
  • Ito Y, Miledi R, Vincent A. Transmitter release induced by a 'factor' in rabbit serum. Pro R Soc Lond B 1974; 187: 235–241
  • Sanders D B, Stålberg E. AAEM minimonograph #25: Single-fiber electromyography. Muscle Nerve 1996; 19: 1069–1083
  • Stålberg E, Thiele B. Motor unit fiber density in the extensor digitorum communis muscle: single fiber electromyographic study in normal subjects at different ages. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1975; 38: 874–880
  • Ekstedt J, Nilsson G, Stålberg E. Calculation of the electromyographic jitter. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1974; 37: 526–523
  • Rivero A, Crovetto L, Lopez L, Maselli R, Nogues M. Single fiber electromyography of extraocular muscles: a sensitive method for the diagnosis of ocular myasthenia. Muscle Nerve 1995; 18: 943–947
  • Trontelj J V, Stålberg E. Single motor endplates in myasthenia gravis and LEMS at different firing rates. Muscle Nerve 1991; 14: 226–232
  • Stålberg E, Trontelj J V, Mihelin M. Electrical microstimulation with single-fiber electromyography: a useful method to study the physiology of the motor unit. J Clin Neurophysiol 1992; 9: 105–119
  • Trontelj J V, Khuraibet A, Mihelin M. The jitter in stimulated orbicularis oculi muscle: technique and normal values. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1988; 51: 814–819
  • Trontelj J V, Stålberg E. Jitter measurement by axonal microstimulation. Guidelines and technical notes. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1992; 85: 30–37
  • Stålberg E, Schiller H H, Schwartz M S. Safety factor in single human motor endplates studies in vivo with single electromyography. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1975; 38: 799–804
  • Stålberg E, Trontelj J V. Single Fiber Electromyography. The Miraville Press Limited, Old Woking, SurreyUK 1979
  • Stålberg E, Trontelj J V. Recording procedures with different types of activation, in Single Fiber Electromyography -Studies in Healthy and Diseased Muscle, 2nd ed. Raven Press, New York 1994; 29–40
  • Hong C Z. Pathophysiology of myofascial trigger point. J Formos Med Assoc 1996; 95: 93–104
  • Hong C Z, Simons D G. Pathophysiologic and electrophysiologic mechanisms of myofascial trigger points. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998; 79: 863–872
  • Hong C Z. Myofascial trigger point injection. Critical reviews in physical rehabilitation Medicine 1993; 5(2)203–217
  • Hong C Z. Consideration and recommendation of myofascial trigger point injection. J Musculoske Pain 1994; 2(1)29–59
  • Hong C Z, Chen Y N, Twehous D, Hong D. Pressure threshold for referred pain by compression of the trigger point and adjacent areas. J Musculoske Pain 1996; 4(3)61–79
  • Hong C Z. Algometry in evaluation of trigger points and referred pain. J Musculoske Pain 1998; 6(1)47–59
  • Chang Y C, Kao S F, Kuan T S, Hong C Z. Distribution of sensitive loci where localized twitch responses can be elicited in rat skeletal muscle. J Rehab Med Assoc ROC 1998; 26(1)1–8
  • Wiederholt W C. Endplate noise in electromyography. Neurology 1970; 20: 214–224
  • Kimura J. Electrodiagnosis in diseases of nerve and muscle. F.A. Davis, Philadelphia 1989; 232–233
  • Lin T S, Cheng T J. Stimulated single-fiber electromyography in the rat. Muscle Nerve 1998; 21: 482–489
  • Hong C-Z, Chen J-T, Chen S-M, Kuan T-S. Sensitive loci in a myofascial trigger point region are related to sensory nerve fibers [abstract]. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1997; 76: 172
  • Hong C-Z, Chen J-T, Chen S-M, Yan J-J, Su Y-J. Histological findings of responsive loci in a myofascial trigger spot of rabbit skeletal muscle from where localized twitch responses could be elicited [abstract]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996; 77: 962

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.