Emergency Care Practitioners' Attitudes and Experiences Regarding Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

References

• Alexander , D. A. and Atcheson , S. F. 1998 . Psychiatric aspects of trauma care: Survey of nurses and doctors . Psychiatric Bulletin , 22 : 132 – 136 .
   Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association . 1994 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , 4th ed. , Washington, DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Bellack , A. S. and Hersen , M. 1977 . “ Self-report inventories in behavioral assessment ” . In Behavioral assessment: New directions in clinical psychology , Edited by: Cone , J. D. and Hawkins , R. P. 52 – 76 . New York : Brunner/Mazel Press .
   Google Scholar
• Boscarino , J. and Chang , J. 1999 . Electrocardiogram abnormalities among men with stress-related psychiatric disorders: Implications for coronary heart disease and clinical research . Annals of Behavioral Medicine , 21 : 227 – 234 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breslau , N. and Davis , G. C. 1987 . Posttraumatic stress disorder: The etiologic specificity of wartime stressors . American Journal of Psychiatry , 144 ( 2 ) : 578 – 583 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Feinstein , A. and Dolan , R. 1991 . Predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder following physical trauma: An examination of the stressor criterion . Psychological Medicine , 21 : 85 – 91 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foy , D. W. , Rueger , D. B. , Sipperelle , R. C. and Carroll , E. M. 1984 . Etiology of post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans: Analysis of premilitary, military, and combat exposure influences . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 52 : 79 – 87 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green , B. L. 1994 . Psychosocial research in traumatic stress: An update . Journal of Traumatic Stress , 7 : 341 – 362 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green , M. A. and Berlin , M. A. 1987 . Five psychosocial variables related to the existence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 43 ( 2 ) : 643 – 649 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg , P. E. , Sisitsky , T. , Kessler , R. C. , Finkelstein , S. N. , Berndt , S. N. Ernst , R. 1999 . The economic burden of anxiety disorders in the 1990s . Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , 60 ( 2 ) : 427 – 437 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helzer , J. E. , Robins , L. N. and McEvoy , L. 1987 . Post-traumatic stress disorder in the general population: Findings of the epidemiological catchment area survey . New England Journal of Medicine , 317 ( 2 ) : 1630 – 1634 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler , R. C. , Sonnega , A. , Bromet , E. , Hughes , M. and Nelson , C. B. 1995 . Posttraumatic stress disorder: The National Comorbidity Survey . Archives of General Psychiatry , 52 : 1040 – 1060 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilpatrick , D. G. , Saunders , B. E. , Amick-McMullan , A. , Best , C. L. , Veronen , L. J. and Resnick , H. S. 1989 . Victim and crime factors associated with the development of crime-related post-traumatic stress disorder . Behavior Therapy , 20 : 199 – 214 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koopman , C. , Classen , C. , Cardena , E. and Spiegel , D. 1995 . When disaster strikes, acute stress disorder may follow . Journal of Traumatic Stress , 8 ( 2 ) : 29 – 46 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koopman , C. , Classen , C. and Spiegel , D. 1994 . Predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms among survivors of the Oakland/Berkeley, California, firestorm . American Journal of Psychiatry , 151 ( 2 ) : 888 – 894 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Laufer , R. S. , Brett , E. and Gallops , M. S. 1985 . Dimensions of posttraumatic stress disorder among Vietnam veterans . Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 173 : 583 – 545 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mischel , W. 1986 . Personality and assessment , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Perry , S. , Difede , J. , Musngi , G. , Frances , A. J. and Jacobsberg , L. 1992 . Predictors for posttraumatic stress disorder after burn injury . American Journal of Psychiatry , 149 : 931 – 935 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resnick , H. S. , Kilpatrick , D. G. , Dansky , B. S. , Saunders , B. E. and Best , C. L. 1993 . Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 61 : 984 – 991 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samson , A. Y. , Bensen , S. , Beck , A. , Price , D. and Nimmer , C. 1999 . Posttraumatic stress disorder in primary care . The Journal of Family Practice , 48 ( 2 ) : 222 – 227 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schaub , M. R. and McGlaughlin , V. G. 1990 . A knowledge assessment of combat stress reaction in army family practice residents . Military Medicine , 155 : 539 – 542 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuster , M. A. , Stein , B. D. , Jaycox , L. H. , Collins , R. L. , Marshall , G. N. , Elliott , M. N. , Zhou , A. J. , Kanouse , D. E. , Morrison , J. L. and Berry , S. H. 2001 . A national survey of stress reactions after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks . New England Journal of Medicine , 345 : 1507 – 1512 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shalev , A. 1996 . “ Stress versus traumatic stress: From acute homeostatic reactions to chronic psychopathology ” . In Traumatic stress: The effects of overwhelming experience on mind, body, and society , Edited by: van der Kolk , B. A. , McFarlane , A. C. and Weisaeth , L. 77 – 101 . NY, NY : The Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shalev , A. , Peri , T. , Canetti , L. and Schreiber , S. 1996 . Predictors of PTSD in injured trauma survivors: A prospective study . American Journal of Psychiatry , 153 ( 2 ) : 219 – 225 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomb , D. A. 1994 . The phenomenology of post-traumatic stress disorder . Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 17 ( 2 ) : 237 – 250 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yehuda , R. 2002 . Current concepts: Post-traumatic stress disorder . New England Journal of Medicine , 346 ( 2 ) : 108 – 113 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar