Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Disturbance in Adults with Histories of Childhood Abuse

References

• Acierno , R. , Resnick , H. , Kilpatrick , D. G. , Saunders , B. and Best , C. L. 1999 . Risk factors for rape, physical assault, and posttraumatic stress disorder in women: Examination of differential multivariate relationships . Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 13 : 541 – 563 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen , J. G. , Console , D. A. , Brethour , J. R. , Huntoon , J. , Fultz , J. and Stein , A. B. 2000 . Screening for trauma-related sleep disturbance in women admitted for specialized inpatient treatment . Journal of Trauma and Dissociation , 1 : 59 – 86 .
   Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association . 1980 . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Edition III , Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Association .
   Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association . 1987 . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Edition III, Revised , Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Association .
   Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association . 1994 . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Edition IV , Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Association .
   Google Scholar
• Bernstein , E. M. and Putnam , F. W. 1986 . Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale . Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 174 : 727 – 734 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanchard , E. B. , Buckley , T. C. , Hickling , E. and Taylor , A. E. 1998 . Posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid major depression: Is the correlation an illusion? . Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 12 : 21 – 37 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breslau , N. , Davis , G. C. , Andreski , P. and Peterson , E. 1991 . Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults . Archives of General Psychiatry , 48 : 216 – 222 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breslau , N. , Davis , G. , Andreski , P. , Federman , B. and Anthony , J. C. 1998 . “ Epide-miological findings on posttraumatic stress disorder and co-morbid disorders in the general population ” . In Adversity, stress, and psycho-pathology , Edited by: Dohrenwend , B. P. 319 – 330 . New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bryer , J. B. , Nelson , B. A. , Miller , J. B. and Krol , P. A. 1987 . Childhood sexual and physical abuse as factors in adult psychiatric illness . American Journal of Psychiatry , 144 : 1426 – 1430 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu , J. A. and Dill , D. L. 1990 . Dissociative symptoms in relation to childhood physical and sexual abuse . American Journal of Psychiatry , 147 : 887 – 892 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidson , J. R. T. , Tupler , L. A. , Wilson , W. H. and Connor , K. M. 1998 . A family study of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder following rape trauma . Journal of Psychiatric Research , 32 : 301 – 309 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freed , S. , Craske , M. G. and Greher , M. R. 1999 . Nocturnal panic and trauma . Depression and Anxiety , 9 : 141 – 145 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Freedman , S. A. , Brandes , D. , Peri , T. and Shalev , A. 1999 . Predictors of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder . British Journal of Psychiatry , 174 : 353 – 359 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hefez , A. , Metz , L. and Lavie , P. 1987 . Long-term effects of extreme situational stress on sleep and dreaming . American Journal of Psychiatry , 144 : 344 – 347 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horowitz , M. , Wilner , N. and Alverez , W. 1979 . Impact of event scale: A measure of subjective stress . Psychosomatic Medicine , 41 : 209 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson , J. I. , Manoach , D. S. , Sabo , A. N. and Sternbach , S. E. 1991 . Recurrent nightmares in posttraumatic stress disorder: Association with sleep paralysis, hypnopompic hallucinations, and REM sleep . Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 179 : 572 – 573 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inman , D. J. , Silver , S. M. and Doghramji , K. 1990 . Sleep disturbance in post-traumatic stress disorder: A comparison with non-PTSD insomnia . Journal of Traumatic Stress , 3 : 429 – 437 .
   Google Scholar
• Kessler , R. C. , Sonnega , A. , Bromet , E. , Hughes , M. and Nelson , C. B. 1995 . Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Study . Archives of General Psychiatry , 52 : 1048 – 1060 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavie , P. , Hefez , A. , Halperin , G. and Enoch , D. 1979 . Long term effects of traumatic war-related events on sleep . American Journal of Psychiatry , 136 : 175 – 178 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellman , T. A. , Kulick-Bell , R. , Ashlock , L. E. and Nolan , B. 1995 . Sleep events among veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder . American Journal of Psychiatry , 152 : 110 – 115 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross , R. J. , Ball , W. A. , Sullivan , K. A. and Caroff , S. N. 1989 . Sleep disturbance as the hallmark of posttraumatic stress disorder . American Journal of Psychiatry , 146 : 697 – 707 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shalev , A. Y. , Freedman , S. , Tuvia , P. , Brandes , D. , Sahar , T. , Orr , S. P. and Pitman , R. K. 1998 . Prospective study of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression following trauma . American Journal of Psychiatry , 155 : 630 – 637 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shore , J. H. , Vollmer , W. M. and Tatum , E. I. 1989 . Community patterns of posttrau-matic stress disorder . Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 177 : 681 – 685 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman , M. , Coryell , W. , Corenthal , C. and Wilson , S. 1986 . A self-report scale to diagnose major depressive disorder . Archives of General Psychiatry , 43 : 1076 – 1081 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar