181
Views
39
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Grand Rounds

Long-Term Functional Outcome of Pediatric Stroke Survivors

, , &
Pages 51-59 | Published online: 02 Feb 2015

REFERENCES

  • Garcia JFI, Pantoni L. Strokes in childhood. Sem Pediatr Neurol. 1995;2:180–191.
  • Williams LS, Garg BP, Cohen M, Fleck JD, Biller J. Subtypes of ischemic stroke in children and young adults. Neurology. 1997;49:1541–1545.
  • Riikonen R, Santavuori P. Hereditary and acquired risk factors for childhood stroke. Neuropediatrics. 1994;25:227–233.
  • Riggs J. An alternative pathogenic mechanism for stroke in children: a role for the sympathetic nerv-ous system. I Child Neurol. 1993;8:277–278.
  • Schoenberg BS, Mellinger JF, Schoenberf DG. Cerebrovascular disease in infants and children: a study of incidence, clinical features, and survival. Neurology. 1978;28:763–768.
  • Mazza C, Pasqualin A, Cavazzani P, Bernardina BD, Da Pian R. Childhood cerebrovascular diseases not associated with vascular malformations. Child's Nerv System. 1985;1:268–271.
  • Humphreys RP. Complications of hemorrhagic stroke in children. Pediatr Neurosurg. 1991–92;17:163–168.
  • Wanifuchi H, Kagawa M, Takeshita M, Izawa M, Kitamura K. Ischemic stroke in infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Child's Nerv System. 1988;4: 361–364.
  • Blennow G, Cronqvist S, Hindfelt B, Nilsson O. On cerebral infarction in childhood and adolescence. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. 1978;67:469–475.
  • Mancini J, Girard N, Chabrol B, Lamoureux S, Livet MO, Thuret I, Pinsard N. Ischemic cerebrovascular disease in children: retrospective study of 35 patients. I Child Neurol. 1997;12: 193–199.
  • Earley CJ, Kittner SJ, Feeser BR, et al. Stroke in chil-dren and sickle-cell disease. Neurology. 1998;51: 169–176.
  • Delsing BJP, Catsman-Berrevoets CE, Appel IM. Early prognostic indicators of outcome in ischemic child-hood stroke. Pediatr Neurol. 2001;24:283–289.
  • Hurvitz EA, Reid S, Beale L, Nelson VS. Functional outcome of pediatric stroke survivors. Pediatr Rehabil. 1999;3:43–51.
  • Ganesan V, Hogan A, Shack N, Gordon A, Isaacs E, Kirkham FJ. Outcome after ischemic stroke in child-hood. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2000;42:455–461.
  • Gordon AL, Ganesan V, Towell A, Kirkham FJ. Functional outcome following stroke in children. I Child Neurol. 2002;17:429–434.
  • de Veber GA, MacGregor D, Curtis R, Mayank S. Neurologic outcome in survivors of childhood arte-rial ischemic stroke and sinovenous thrombosis. I Child Neurol. 2000;15:316–324.
  • White DA, DeBaun M. Cognitive and behavioral function in children with sickle cell disease: a review and discussion of methodological issues. I Pediatr Hematol/ Oncol. 1998;20:458–462.
  • Hariman LMF, Griffith ER, Hurtig AL, Keehn MT. Functional outcomes of children with sickle-cell dis-ease affected by stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1991;72:498–502.
  • De Schryver ELLM, Kappelle LJ, Jennekens-Schinkel A, Broudewyn Peters AC. Prognosis of ischemic stroke in childhood: A long-term follow-up study. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2000;42:313–318.
  • Sparrow SS, Balla DA, Cicchetti DV. Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales: A revision of the Vineland Social Maturity Scale. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service; 1981.
  • Doll E. Vineland Social Maturity Scale. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service; 1939.
  • Fletcher JM, Ewing-Cobbs L, Miner ME, Levin JS, Eisenberg HM. Behavioral changes after closed head injury in children.] Consult Clini Psychol. 1990; 58:93–98.
  • Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ, Griffin S. The Satisfaction with Life Scale. I Pers Assess. 1985; 49(1):71–75.
  • Corrigan JD, Bogner JA, Mysiw WI, Clinchot D, Fugate L. Life satisfaction after traumatic brain injury. I Head Trauma Rehabil. 2001;16(6):543–555.
  • Anderson CJ, Krajci KA, Vogel LC. Life satisfaction in adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injuries. I Spinal Cord Med. 2002;25(3):184–190.
  • Kopp B, Kunkel A, Muhinickel W, Villringer K, Taub E, Flor H. Plasticity in the motor system related to therapy-induced improvement of movement after stroke. Neuroreport. 1999;10:807–810.
  • Liepert J, Miltner WH, Bauder H, Sommer M, Dettmers C, Taub E, WeiIler C. Motor cortex plas-ticity during constraint-induced movement thera-py in stroke patients. Neurosci Lett. 1998;250:5–8.
  • Goodman R, Yude C. IQ and its predictors in child-hood hemiplegia. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1996;38: 881–890.
  • Wade DT, Hewer RL. Functional abilities after stroke: measurement, natural history and prognosis. I Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1987;50:177–182.
  • Statistical Abstract of the United States, 119th ed. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau; 1999.
  • Isler W. Stroke in childhood and adolescence. Eur Neurol. 1984;23:421–424.
  • Wang L, Young C, Lin H, Want P, Lee W, Shen Y. Strokes in children: a medical center-based study. Chung-Hua Min Kuo Hsiao Erh Ko i Hsueh Hui Tsa Chih. 1998;39:242–246.
  • Broderick J, Talbot GT, Prenger E, Leach A, Brott T. Stroke in children within a major metropolitan area: the surprising importance of intracerebral hemorrhage. I Child Neurol. 1993;8: 250–255.
  • Keidan I, Shahar E, Barzilay Z, Passwell J, Brand N. Predictors of outcome of stroke in infants and chil-dren based on clinical data and radiologic corre-lates. Acta Paediaticar. 1994;83:762–765.
  • Eeg-Olofsson O, Ringhein Y. Stroke in children: clin-ical characteristics and prognosis. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. 1983;72:391–395.
  • Giroud M, Lemesle M, Madinier G, Manceau E, Osseby GV, Dumas R. Strokes in children under 16 years of age. Clinical and etiological differences with adults. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 1997;96:401–406.
  • Kirkham Ii. Stroke in childhood. Arch Dis Childhood. 1999;81:85–89.
  • Heiss WD, Huber M, Fink GR, et al. Progressive derangement of pen-infarct viable tissue in ischemic stroke. I Cerebral Blood Row Metab. 1992; 12(2):193–203.
  • Lanska MJ, Lanska DJ, Horwitz SJ, Aram DM. Presentation, clinical course, and outcome of child-hood stroke. Pediatr Neurol. 1991;7:333–341.
  • Yang JS, Park YD, Harlage PL. Seizures associated with stroke in childhood. Pediatr Neurol. 1995;12: 136–138.
  • Abram HS, Knepper LE, Warty VS, Painter MJ. Natural history, prognosis, and lipid abnormalities of idiopathic ischemic childhood stroke. I Child Neurol. 1996;11:276–282.
  • Bourgeois BFD. Antiepileptic drugs, learning, and behavior in childhood epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1998;39: 913–921.
  • Aldenkamp AR Effect of seizures and epileptiform discharges on cognitive function. Epilepsia. 1997; 38:S52—S55.
  • Post MWM, de Witte LP, van Asbeck FLA, van Dijk AJ, Schrijvers AIR Predictors of health status and life satisfaction in spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1998;79:395–402.
  • Lavigne JV, Faier-Routman J. Psychological adjust-ment to pediatric physical disorders: a meta-ana-lytic review. I Pediatr Psycho!. 1992;17:133–157.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.