Urinary Incontinence After Stroke: Does Rehabilitation Make a Difference? A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Behavioral Therapy

REFERENCES

• Van Kuijk AA, Van der Linde H, Van Limbeek J. Urinary incontinence in stroke patients after admis-sion to a post acute inpatient rehabilitation pro-gram. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82(10):1407–1411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolominsky-Rabas PL, Hiltz M, Neundoerfer B, Heuschmann PU. Impact of urinary incontinence after stroke: results from a prospective population-based stroke register. Neurourol Urodynamics. 2003;22:322–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman Gross J. Urinary incontinence after stroke: evaluation and behavioral treatment. Top Geriatr Rehabil. 2003;19(1):60–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brocklehurst JC, Andrews K, Richards B, Laycock PJ. Incidence and correlates of incontinence in stroke patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1985;33:540–542.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borne MJ, Campbell AJ, Carodoc-Davies TH, Spears GF. Urinary incontinence after stroke: a prospective study. Age Ageing. 1986;15:177–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel M, Coshall C, Rudd AG, Wolfe CD. Natural history and effects on 2-years outcomes of urinary incontinence after stroke. Stroke. 2001;32:122–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taub NA, Wolfe CDA, Richardson E, Burney PGJ. Predicting the disability of first-time stroke sufferers at 1 year: 12 month follow-up of a population-based cohort in the southeast England. Stroke. 1994;25:352–357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brittain K. Stroke and continence care. Nurs Times. 2001;97:30–56.
   Google Scholar
• Ween JE, Alexander MP, D'Esposito M, Roberts S. Incontinence after stroke in a rehabilitation setting: outcome associations and predictive factors. Neurol-ogy. 1996;47:659–663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallagher M. Urogenital distress and the psychoso-cial impact of urinary incontinence in elderly women. Rehabil Nurs. 1998;23(4):192–197.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mayo NE, Korner-Bitensky N, Becker R, Georges P. Predicting falls among patients in a rehabilitation hospital. Am I Phys Med Rehabil. 1989;68(3):139–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eldar R, Ring H, Tshuwa M, Dynia A, Ronen R. Quality of care for urinary incontinence in a rehabili-tation setting for patients with stroke. Simultaneous monitoring of process and outcome. Int I Quality Health Care. 2001;13(1):57–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakakibara R, Hattori T, Yasuda K, Yamanishi T. Micturitional disturbance after acute hemispheric stroke: analysis of the lesion site by CT and MRI. I Neurol Sci. 1996;137:47–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gelber DA, Good DC, Laven LJ, Verhulst Si. Causes of urinary incontinence after acute hemispheric stroke. Stroke. 1993;24:378–382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen-Vetland P. Urinary continence after a cerbrovascular accident. Nurs Stand. 2003;17(39): 37–41.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR). Urinary Incontinence Guideline Panel. Uri-nary Incontinence in Adults. Rockville, MD: US De-partment of Health and Human Services; 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR). Urinary Incontinence Guideline Panel. Uri-nary Incontinence in Adults: Acute and Chronic Man- agement. Clinical Practice Guideline. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services; 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, eds. Incontinence. Second International Consultation on Incontinence, 2nd ed. UK: Health Publication Ltd.; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• The evidence-based medicine working group. In: Guyatt G, Rennie D, eds. Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: A Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Prac-tice. Chicago, IL: AMA Press; 2002:736.
   Google Scholar
• Foley NC, TeaseII RW, Bhogal SK, Speechley MR. Stroke rehabilitation evidence-based review: meth-odology. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2003;10(1):1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Sackett DL, Richardson WS, Rosenberg W, Haynes RB. Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach EBM. New York: Churchill-Livingstone; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Cochrane database of systematic review in the Cochrane Collaboration Cochrane Library. 2004. Available at: http://www.cochranelibrary.com/col-laboration/. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro). 2004. Available at: http://www.pedro.fhs.usyd.edu.au. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Cochrane central register of controlled trials (CEN-TRAL) in the Cochrane Collaboration Cochrane Li-brary. 2004. Available at: http://www.cochranelibrary.com/collaboration/. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• ISI Web of Knowledge. ISI Web of Science. 2004. Available at: http://isi6.isiknowledge.com/portal.cgi. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Post-stroke Rehabilitation Guideline Panel. Post-stroke Clinical Practice Guideline No. 16. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services; 1995.
   Google Scholar
• The European Stroke Initiative. Recommendations for Stroke Management-update 2003. Cerebrovas-cular dis. 2003; 16:311-337. Available at: http://www.eusi-stroke.org/. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Heart and Stroke foundation of Ontario. Best Prac-tice Guidelines for Stroke Care. 2003. Available at: http://www.hsfpe.org/. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Stroke Prevention and Educational Awareness Diffu-sion (SPREAD) collaboration. The Italian guidelines for stroke prevention. Neuro Sci. 2000;21:5–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Royal College of Physicians (RCP), London. National Clinical Guidelines for Stroke. 2004. Available at: http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/pubs/. Accessed Sep-tember 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). Management of patients with stroke; rehabilitation, prevention and management of complications and discharge planning: A national clinical guideline. 2002. Edinburgh, Scotland. Available at: www.sign.ac.uk. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Veterans Affairs and Department of Defence (VADOD). Management of stroke rehabilitation in primary care setting. 2003. Available at: http://www1.va.gov/stroke-queri/clinical_guidelines.htm. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Stroke Foundation of New Zealand. Life after stroke; New Zealand guideline for management of stroke. 2003. Available at: http://www.nzgg.org.nz/index.cfm?screensize=1024&ScreenResSet=yes. Ac-cessed September 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Canadian Institute of Health Research Institute of Gender and Health (IGH) National Research Regis-try. Available at: http://www.igh.ualberta.ca. Ac-cessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects (CRISP) generated in the US. Available at: http://www.crisp.cit.nih.gov. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• National Research Register and the Department of Health Research Finding electronic Register (ReFeR), UK. Available at: http://www.dh.gov.uk. Accessed July 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Moseley AM, Herbert RD, Sherrington C, Maher CG. Evidence for physiotherapy practice: a survey of the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). Aust Physiother. 2002;48(1):43–49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilkander B, Ekelund P, Milsom I. An evaluation of multidisciplinary intervention governed by func-tional independence measure (FIMsm) in incontinent stroke patients. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1998;30(1):15–21.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tibaek S, Jensen R, Lindskov G, Jensen M. Can qual-ity of life be improved by pelvic floor muscle training in women with urinary incontinence after ischemic stroke? A randomized, controlled and blinded study. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2004;15(2):117–123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDowell BJ, Enberg S, Sereika S, et al. Effectiveness of behavioral therapy to treat incontinence in homebound older adults.] Am Geriatr Soc. 1999;47: 309–318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engberg S, Sereika SM, MCDowell BJ, Weber E, Brod I. Effectiveness of prompted voiding in treating uri-nary incontinence in cognitively impaired homebound older adults. I Wound Ostomy Conti-nence Nurs. 2002;29(5):252–265.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Middaugh SJ, Whitehead WE, Burgio KL, Engel BT. Biofeedback in treatment of urinary incontinence in stroke patients. Biofeedback Self-Regul. 1989;14(1): 3–19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thomas LH, Barrett J, Cross S, French B, Leathley M, Legg L, Sutton C, Watkins C. Prevention and treat-ment of urinary incontinence after stroke in adults (Protocol). In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 2. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Ostaszkiewicz J, Johnston L, Roe B. Timed voiding for the management of urinary incontinence in adults. (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 2. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Eustice S, Roe B, Paterson J. Prompted voiding for the management of urinary incontinence in adults. (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 4. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Fonda D, Benvenuti F, Cottenden A, Dubeau C, Kirshner-Hermanns R, Miller K, Palmer M, Resnick N. Urinary incontinence and bladder dysfunction in older persons. In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, eds. Incontinence. Second International Consultation on Incontinence, 2nd ed. UK: Health Publication Ltd.; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Burgio KL, Locher IL, Goode PS, Hardin M, McDowell BJ, Dombrowski M, Candib D. Behavioral vs drug treatment for urge urinary incontinence in older women: a randomized control trial. JAMA.1998;280(23):1995–2000.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson PD, Bo K, Hay-Smith J, Nygaard I, Staskin D, Wyman J. Conservative treatment in women. In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, eds. Incontinence. Second International Consultation on Incontinence, 2nd ed. UK: Health Publication Ltd., 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Tannenbaum C, Perrin L, Dubeau CE, Kuchel GA. Diagnosis and management of urinary incontinence in the older patient. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82:134–138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyman JF, Fantl JA, McClish DK, Bump RC. Com-parative efficacy of behavioral interventions in the management of female urinary incontinence. Am I Obstet Gynecol. 1998;179(4):999–1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TeaseII RW, Jutai JW, Bhogal SK, Foley NC. Research gaps in stroke rehabilitation. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2003;10(1):59–70.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bury T, Mead J. Evidence-based Health Care: A Guide for Therapists. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1998.
   Google Scholar