Effect of HCV Infection on Glucose Metabolism in Pregnant Women with HIV Receiving HAART

REFERENCES

• Mocroft A, Ledergerber B, Katlama C, et al; EuroSIDA study group. Decline in the AIDS and death rates in the EuroSIDA study: an observational study. Lancet. 2003;362:22–29.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Visnegarwala F, Krause KL, Musher DM. Severe diabetes associated with protease inhibitor therapy. Ann Intern Med 1997;127:947.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eastone JA, Decker CF. New-onset diabetes mellitus associated with use of protease inhibitor. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127:948.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dube MP, Sattler FR. Metabolic complications of antiretro-viral therapies. AIDS Clin Care. 1998;10:41–44.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown TT, Cole SR, Li X, et al. Antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in the multicenter AIDS cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:1179–1184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tien PC, Schneider MF, Cole SR, et al. Antiretroviral therapy exposure and incidence of diabetes mellitus in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. AIDS. 2007;21:1739–1745.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ledergerber B, Furrer H, Rickenbach M, et al; Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Factors associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in HIV-infected participants in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45:111–119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Wit S, Sabin CA, Weber R, et al; Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study. Incidence and risk factors for new-onset diabetes in HIV-infected patients: the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study. Diabetes Care. 2008;31:1224–1229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samaras K. Prevalence and pathogenesis of diabetes mel-litus in HIV-1 infection treated with combined antiretroviral therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2009;50:499–505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadigan C, Meigs JB, Corcoran C, et al. Metabolic abnor-malities and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and lipodystrophy. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 32:130-39. Epub 2000 Dec 15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mynarcik DC, McNurlan MA, Steigbigel RT, Fuhrer J, Gelato MC. Association of severe insulin resistance with both loss of limb fat and elevated serum tumor necro-sis factor receptor levels in HIV lipodystrophy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000;25:312–321.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Justman JE, Benning L, Danoff A, et al. Protease inhibitor use and the incidence of diabetes mellitus in a large cohort of HIV-infected women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003;32:298–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Benayas T, Rend6n AL, Rodriguez-Nov6a S, et al. Higher risk of hyperglycemia in HIV-infected patients treated with didanosine plus tenofovir. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2006;22:333–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper ER, Charurat M, Mofenson L, et al; Women and Infants' Transmission Study Group. Combination antiretro-viral strategies for the treatment of pregnant HIV-1-infected women and prevention of perinatal HIV-1 transmission. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2002;29:484–494.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Public Health Service Task Force. Recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant HIV-1-infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV transmission in the United States. April 29, 2009. Available on the AIDSinfo Web site: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/PerinataIGL.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Coustan DR. Gestational diabetes. In: Harris MI Cowie CC, Stern MP, Boyko EJ, Reibner GE, Bennett PH, eds. Diabe-tes in America. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: National Institutes of Health; 1995: 703–717. Publication 95–1428.
   Google Scholar
• Moore TR. Diabetes in pregnancy. In: Creasy RK, Resnik R, eds. Maternal Fetal Medicine. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Jovanovic L, Pettitt DJ. Gestational diabetes mellitus. JAMA. 2001286: 2516–2518.
   Google Scholar
• American Diabetes Association. Gestational diabetes mel-litus. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:588–90.
   Google Scholar
• Kaaja RJ, Greer IA. Manifestations of chronic disease dur-ing pregnancy. JAMA. 2005;294:2751–2757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watts DH, Balasubramanian R, Maupin RT Jr, et al; PACTG 316 Study Team. Maternal toxicity and pregnancy compli-cations in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women receiving antiretroviral therapy: PACTG 316. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190:506–516.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuomala RE, Watts DH, Li D, et al; Women and Infants Transmission Study. Improved obstetric outcomes and few maternal toxicities are associated with antiretroviral therapy, including highly active antiretroviral therapy during preg-nancy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005;38:449–473.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El Beitune P, Duarte G, Foss MC, et al. Effect of anti-retroviral agents on carbohydrate metabolism in HIV-1 infected pregnant women. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2006;22:59–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason AL, Lau JY, Hoang N, et al. Association of diabetes mellitus and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatol-ogy. 1999;29:328–333.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta SH, Brancati FL, Sulkowski MS, Strathdee SA, Szklo M, Thomas DL. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mel-litus among persons with hepatitis C virus infection in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:592–599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lecube A, Hernandez C, Genesca J, et al. Diabetes is the main factor accounting for the high ferritin levels detected in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:2669–2675.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulkowski MS. Hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected patients. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2001;3:469–476.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sherman KE, Rouster SD, Chung RT, Rajicic N. Hepatitis C Virus prevalence among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a cross-sectional analysis of the US adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34: 831-837. Epub 2002 Feb 6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta SH, Moore RD, Thomas DL, Chaisson RE, Sulkowski MS. The effect of HAART and HCV infection on the devel-opment of hyperglycemia among HIV-infected persons. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003;33:577–584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butt AA, Fultz SL, Kwoh CK, Kelley D, Skanderson M, Jus-tice AC. Risk of diabetes in HIV infected veterans pre- and post-HAART and the role of HCV coinfection. Hepatology. 2004;40:115–119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tien PC, Schneider MF, Cole SR, et al. Antiretroviral therapy exposure and insulin resistance in the Women's Interagency HIV study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008;49:369–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Floridia M, Ravizza M, Tamburrini E, et al; Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy. Diagnosis of HIV infection in pregnancy: data from a national cohort of pregnant women with HIV in Italy. Epide-miol Infect. 2006;134:1120–1127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG). Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glu-cose intolerance. Diabetes. 1979;28:1039–1057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr A, Samaras K, Thorisdottir A, Kaufmann GR, Chish-olm DJ, Cooper DA. Diagnosis, prediction, and natural course of HIV-1 protease-inhibitor-associated lipodystro-phy, hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes mellitus: a cohort study. Lancet. 1999;353:2093–2099.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dever LL, Oruwari PA, Figueroa WE, O'Donovan CA, Eng RH. Hyperglycemia associated with protease inhibitors in an urban HIV-infected minority patient population. Ann Pharmacother 2000; 34:580–584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsiodras S, Mantzoros C, Hammer S, Samore M. Effects of protease inhibitors on hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipodystrophy: a 5-year cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:2050–2056.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dube MP. Disorders of glucose metabolism in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31: 1467-1475. Epub 2000 Nov 29.
   Google Scholar
• Mulligan K, Grunfeld C, Tai VW, et al. Hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance are induced by protease inhibitors inde-pendent of changes in body composition in patients with HIV infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000;23:35–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schambelan M, Benson CA, Carr A, et al; International AIDS Society-USA. Management of metabolic complications associated with antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection: recommendations of an International AIDS Society-USA panel. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2002;31:257–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beatty G, Khalili M, Abbasi F, et al. Quantification of insulin-mediated glucose disposal in HIV-infected indi-viduals: comparison of patients treated and untreated with protease inhibitors. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003;33:34–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard AA, Floris-Moore M, Arnsten JH, et al. Disorders of glucose metabolism among HIV-infected women. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40: 1492-1499. Epub 2005 Apr 11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon C, Gulick RM, Hoover DR, Vaamonde CM, Glesby MJ. Case-control study of diabetes mellitus in HIV-infected patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2004;37:1464–1469.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris AB, Cu-Uvin S, Harwell JI, et al. Multicenter review of protease inhibitors in 89 pregnancies. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000;25:306–311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez-Tome MI, Ramos Amador JT, Guillen S, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus in a cohort of HIV-1 infected women. HIV Med. 2008;9:868–874.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang JH, Sheffield JS, Grimes J, et al. Effect of protease inhibitor therapy on glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Obstet GynecoL 2006;107:1115–1119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hitti J, Andersen J, McComsey G, et al; AIDS Clinical Trials Group 5084 Study Team. Protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy and glucose tolerance in pregnancy: AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5084. Am J Obstet GynecoL 2007;196:331.e1–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pergam SA, Wang CC, Gardella CM, Sandison TG, Phipps WT, Hawes SE. Pregnancy complications associated with hepatitis C: data from a 2003–2005 Washington state birth cohort. Am J Obstet GynecoL 2008;199: 38.e1-9. Epub 2008 May 19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caronia S, Taylor K, Pagliaro L, et al. Further evidence for an association between non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatol-ogy. 1999;30:1059–1063.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laskus T, Radkowski M, Wang LF, Vargas H, Rakela J. Search for hepatitis C virus extrahepatic replication sites in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: specific detection of negative-strand viral RNA in various tissues. Hepatology. 1998;28:1398–1401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shintani Y, Fujie H, Miyoshi H, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection and diabetes: direct involvement of the virus in the development of insulin resistance. Gastroenterology. 2004;126:840–848.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hui JM, Sud A, Farrell GC, et al. Insulin resistance is asso-ciated with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and fibrosis progression [corrected]. Gastroenterology. 2003;125:1695-1704. Erratum in: Gastroenterology 2004;126: 634.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lonardo A, Loria P, Adinolfi LE, Carulli N, Ruggiero G. Hepatitis C and steatosis: a reappraisal. J Viral Hepat. 2006;13:73–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar