Meta-Analysis of the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-1–Infected Women

REFERENCES

• UNAIDS. UNAIDS annual report 2009: uniting the world against AIDS. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). June 2010. http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/dataimport/pub/report/2010/2009_annual_report_en.pdf. Accessed October 1, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Global Health Observatory HIV/AIDS Data, 2009. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV among women, August 2011. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/women/pdf/women.pdf. Accessed June 15, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Bhatia R, Hartman C, Kallen MA, Graham J, Giordano TP. Persons newly diagnosed with HIV infection are at high risk for depression and poor linkage to care: results from the Steps Study. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(6):1161–1170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavaleri M, Kalogerogiannis K, McKay M, et al. Barriers to HIV care: an exploration of the complexities that infl uence engagement in and utilization of treatment. Soc Work Health Care. 2010;49(10):934–945.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duff P, Kipp W, Wild TC, Rubaale T, Okech-Ojony J. Barriers to accessing highly active antiretroviral therapy by HIVpositive women attending an antenatal clinic in a regional hospital in western Uganda. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13:37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moneyham L, McLeod J, Boehme A, et al. Perceived barriers to HIV care among HIV-infected women in the Deep South. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2010;21(6):467–477.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kempf MC, McLeod J, Boehme AK, et al. A qualitative study of the barriers and facilitators to retention-in-care among HIV-positive women in the rural southeastern United States: implications for targeted interventions. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2010;24(8):515–520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens PE, Keigher SM. Systemic barriers to health care access for U.S. women with HIV: the role of cost and insurance. Int J Health Serv. 2009;39(2):225–243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saint-Jean G, Metsch L, Gomez-Marin O, et al. Use of HIV primary care by HIV-positive Haitian immigrants in Miami, Florida. AIDS Care. 2011;23(4):486–493.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarnquist CC, Soni S, Hwang H, Topol BB, Mutima S, Maldonado YA. Rural HIV-infected women’s access to medical care: ongoing needs in California. AIDS Care. 2011;23(7):792–796.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soon G, Min M, Struble K, et al. Meta-analysis of efficacy outcomes for treatment-naïve and experienced HIV-infected women in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) (2000–2008). Presented at: 50th Annual Meeting of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; 2010; Boston, MA. Abstract H–1812.
   Google Scholar
• European AIDS Clinical Society. Guidelines for treatment of HIV-infected adults in Europe. http://www.europeanaidsclinicalsociety.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59&Itemid=41. Updated October 2011 (Version 6.0). Accessed June 25, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Bucher HC, Wolbers M, Porter K. 2010 guidelines for antiretroviral treatment of HIV from the International AIDS Society-USA Panel. JAMA. 2010;304(17):1897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services. http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov/ContentFiles/AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf. Accessed June 25, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infection in infants. Recommendations for a public health approach, 2010 version. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241599818_eng.pdf. Accessed October 1, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• McIntyre J, Hughes M, Mellors J, et al. Effi cacy of ART with NVP+TDF/FTC vs LPV/r+TDF/FTC among antiretroviral-naïve women in Africa: OCTANE trial 2/ACTG A5208. Presented at: 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; 2010; San Francisco, CA. Abstract 153LB.
   Google Scholar
• Flexner C, Tierney C, Gross R, et al. Comparison of oncedaily versus twice-daily combination antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naive patients: results of AIDS clinical trials group (ACTG) A5073, a 48-week randomized controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50(7):1041–1052.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eron JJ, Feinberg J, Kessler HA, et al. Once-daily versus twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir in antiretroviral-naive HIVpositive patients: a 48-week randomized clinical trial. J Infect Dis. 2004;189(2):265–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gathe J, da Silva BA, Cohen DE, et al. A once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen is noninferior to twicedaily dosing and results in similar safety and tolerability in antiretroviral-naive subjects through 48 weeks. J Acquir Immune Defi c Syndr. 2009;50(5):474–481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson MA, Gathe JC Jr, Podzamczer D, et al. A oncedaily lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen provides noninferior antiviral activity compared with a twice-daily regimen. J Acquir Immune Defi c Syndr. 2006;43(2):153–160.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy RL, Brun S, Hicks C, et al. ABT-378/ritonavir plus stavudine and lamivudine for the treatment of antiretroviralnaive adults with HIV-1 infection: 48-week results. AIDS. 2001;15(1):F1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walmsley S, Bernstein B, King M, et al. Lopinavir-ritonavir versus nelfi navir for the initial treatment of HIV infection. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(26):2039–2046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynes J, Lawal A, Pulido F, et al. Lopinavir/ritonavir combined with raltegravir demonstrated similar antiviral effi cacy and safety as lopinavir/ritonavir combined with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine in treatmentnaïve HIV-1 infected subjects. In: Program and abstracts of the XVIII International AIDS Conference; 2010; Vienna, Austria. Abstract MOAB0101.
   Google Scholar
• Zajdenverg R, Podsadecki TJ, Badal-Faesen S, et al. Similar safety and effi cacy of once- and twice-daily lopinavir/ ritonavir tablets in treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected subjects at 48 weeks. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010;54(2):143–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riddler SA, Haubrich R, DiRienzo AG, et al. Class-sparing regimens for initial treatment of HIV-1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(20):2095–2106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of AIDS Regulatory Support Center Web site. http://rsc.tech-res.com/safetyandpharmacovigilance/gradingtables.aspx. Accessed May 22, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Scherzer R, Estrella M, Li Y, et al. Association of tenofovir exposure with kidney disease risk in HIV infection. AIDS. 2012;26:867–875.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate prescribing information. Gilead Sciences, Inc. Web site. http://www.viread.com/en/full_prescribing_info.aspx. Accessed May 15,2012.
   Google Scholar
• The creation of a large UK-based multicentre cohort of HIV-infected individuals: the UK Collaborative HIV Cohort (UK CHIC) Study. HIV Med 2004;5(2):115–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orlando G, Meraviglia P, Cordier L, et al. Antiretroviral treatment and age-related comorbidities in a cohort of older HIV-infected patients. HIV Med. 2006;7(8): 549–557.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverberg MJ, Leyden W, Horberg MA, DeLorenze GN, Klein D, Quesenberry CP Jr. Older age and the response to and tolerability of antiretroviral therapy. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(7):684–691.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delgado-Aros S, Locke GR 3rd, Camilleri M, et al. Obesity is associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal symptoms: a population-based study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;99(9):1801–1806.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Talley NJ, Quan C, Jones MP, Horowitz M. Association of upper and lower gastrointestinal tract symptoms with body mass index in an Australian cohort. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2004;16(4):413–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angulo P. GI epidemiology: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;25(8):883–889.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodder S, Jayaweera D, Mrus JM, Ryan R, Witek J. Efficacy and safety outcomes among treatmentexperienced women and men treated with etravirine in GRACE (Gender, Race and Clinical Experience) [published online ahead of print April 2, 2012]. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2012;28(6):544–551.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Squires KE, Johnson M, Yang R, et al. Comparative gender analysis of the effi cacy and safety of atazanavir/ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir at 96 weeks in the CASTLE study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66:363–370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar