The Sodium-Bonding Pin Concept for Advanced Fuels Part I: Swelling of Carbide Fuel up to 12% Burnup

References

• J. C. MOUGNIOT, J. RECOLIN, M. COLIN, and J. ROUAULT, “Optimization of a Carbide Fuel Element for Low Doubling Time: General Considerations and Their Impact on Carbide Fuel Element Development,” Proc. Int. Conf. Fast Breeder Reactor Fuel Performance, Monterey, California, March 5–8, 1979, p. 910 (1979).
   Google Scholar
• E. CLOTTES, M. DIEUMEGARD, J. P. DUFAYET, A. GROFF, B. KRYGER, H. MIKAILOFF, and J. L. RATIER, “Experience d’lrradiation de Combustible Carbure a Joint Sodium dans Rapsodie,” Fuel and Fuel Elements for Fast Reactors II, p. 113, International Atomic Energy Agency (1975).
   Google Scholar
• P. COMBETTE, “French Irradiation Test Experience for Carbide Fuels,” Proc. Topi. Mtg. Advanced LMFBR Fuels, Tucson, Arizona, October 10–13, 1977, p. 343, The American Nuclear Society (1977).
   Google Scholar
• H. BLANK, “On the Driving Forces for Bubble Growth and Swelling in MX-Type Fast Breeder Fuels,” J. Nucl. Mater., 58, 123 (1975).
   Google Scholar
• C. RONCHI and C. SARI, “Swelling Analysis of Highly Rated MX-Type LMFBR Fuels: I. Restructuring and Porosity Behaviour,” J. Nucl. Mater., 58, 140 (1975).
   Google Scholar
• Hj. MATZKE and C. RONCHI, “Fuel Properties of Advanced Fuels (U, Pu)CN Important for Out-of-Pile and In-Pile Kinetics,” Proc. Topi. Mtg. Advanced LMFBR Fuels, Tucson, Arizona, October 10–13, 1977, p. 218, The American Nuclear Society (1977).
   Google Scholar
• H. BLANK, “Correlation Between Properties and Irradiation Behaviour for Carbide, Carbonitride and Nitride Fuels,” Proc. Topi. Mtg. Advanced LMFBR Fuels, Tucson, Arizona, October 10–13, 1977, p. 482, The American Nuclear Society (1977).
   Google Scholar
• H. BLANK, C. CALIGARA, and C. RONCHI, “Modelling of Swelling and Fuel-Clad Contact Pressure in a ‘Real Structure’ Framework,” IAEA Specialists’ Mtg. Theoretical Modelling on LMFBR Fuel Behaviour, Fontenay-aux-Roses, May 28-June 1, 1979, IWGFR-31, p. 155, International Atomic Energy Agency (1979).
   Google Scholar
• C. RONCHI, E. BAZIOR, and H. KOSTECKA, “Replica Electron Microscopy of Irradiated Fuels,” EUR-4698, Commission of European Communities (1971).
   Google Scholar
• C. RONCHI, I. L. F. RAY, H. THIELE, and J. Van de LAAR, “Swelling Analysis of Highly-Rated MX-Type LMFBR Fuels: II. Microscopic Swelling Behaviour,” J. Nucl. Mater., 74, 193 (1978).
   Google Scholar
• C. T. WALKER, “Measurement of Retained Xenon in Advanced Fuels by Microprobe Analysis,” J. Nucl. Mater., 80, 190 (1979).
   Google Scholar
• C. RONCHI and C. T. WALKER, “Determination of Xenon Concentrations in Nuclear Fuels by Electron Microprobe Analysis,” J. Phys. D, 13, 2175 (1980).
   Google Scholar
• I. L. F. RAY, C. RONCHI, and H. THIELE, “Electron Microscopy of Advanced Nuclear Fuels,” Proc. 7th European Congress on Electron Microscopy, The Hague, August 24–28, 1980, Vol. I, p. 432, Electron Microscopy Society, Leiden (1980).
   Google Scholar
• M. COQUERELLE and C. T. WALKER, “Fission Gas Release and Microscopic Swelling in Highly Rated Advanced Fuels,” Nucl. Technol., 48, 43 (1980).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. F. KERRISK, N. S. De MUTH, R. L. PETTY, T. W. LATIMER, J. A. VITTI, and L. J. JONES, “Design and Performance of Sodium-Bonded Uranium-Plutonium Carbide Fuel Elements,” Proc. Int. Conf. Fast Breeder Reactor Fuel Performance, Monterey, California, March 5–8, 1979, p. 804, The American Nuclear Society (1979).
   Google Scholar
• A. A. BAUER, P. CYBULSKIS, R. L. PETTY, and N. S. De MUTH, “Helium- and Sodium-Bonded Mixed-Nitride Fuel Performance,” Proc. Int. Conf. Fast Breeder Reactor Fuel Performance, Monterey, California, March 5–8, 1979, p. 827, The American Nuclear Society (1979).
   Google Scholar
• H. BLANK, I. L. F. RAY, and C. T. WALKER, “A Coherent Description of Fission Gas Swelling in the Structural Zones III and IV of Advanced Fuels, Part I: Properties of Bubble Population P2 and the Critical Temperature-Burn-Up Relation in Carbide Fuel Under the Conditions of Free Swelling,” Eur. Appl. Res. Reports, Nuclear Science and Technology Section, 4, 5, 1223 (1983).
   Google Scholar
• H. ZIMMERMANN, “Investigation of Swelling of U-Pu Mixed Carbide,” J. Nucl. Mater., 105, 56 (1982).
   Google Scholar
• R. PARIS, “Some Observations on the Microstructure of Mixed Carbide Fuel Irradiated up to 10% Burn-Up of Heavy Atoms,” AERE-R 7804, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell (1974).
   Google Scholar
• C. RONCHI, “Extrapolated Equation of State for Rare Gases at High Temperatures and Densities,” J. Nucl. Mater., 96, 314 (1981).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. RONCHI, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Karlsruhe (unpublished results).
   Google Scholar
• U. BENEDICT, G. GIACCHETTI, Hj. MATZKE, K. RICHTER, C. SARI, and H. E. SCHMIDT, “Study of Uranium-Plutonium Carbide-Based Fuel Simulating High Burn-Up,” Nucl. Technol., 35, 154 (1977).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. MANDLER, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Karlsruhe (unpublished result) (1978).
   Google Scholar
• H. BLANK, M. COQUERELLE, I. L. F. RAY, and C. RONCHI, “Advanced Fuels Under Steady-State and Transient Conditions,” Proc. ANS-ENS Topi. Mtg. Reactor Safety Aspects of Fuel Behavior, Sun Valley, Idaho, August 2–6, 1981, Vol. I, p. 403, The American Nuclear Society (1981).
   Google Scholar
• C. RONCHI, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Karlsruhe (to be published). the U.S. Department of Energy under contract with the Union Carbide Corporation.
   Google Scholar