REFERENCES
- Abernethy, Michael (2007), ‘Lisa Lampanelli: Dirty Girl/The Sarah Silverman program’, 8 February, PopMatters, http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/lisa-lampanelli-dirty-girl/. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Anderson, Sam (2005), ‘Irony Maiden: How Sarah Silverman is raping American Comedy’, 10 November, Slate, http://www.slate.com/id/2130006/. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Apte, Mahadev L. (1985), Humor and Laughter: An Anthropological Approach, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
- Apte, Mahadev L. (1987), ‘Ethnic humor versus “Sense of Humor”’, American Behavioral Scientist, 30: 3, pp. 27–41.
- Barreca, Regina (1991), They Used to Call Me Snow White…but I Drifted: Women's Strategic Use of Humor, New York: Viking.
- Bitzer, Lloyd F. (1968), ‘The rhetorical situation’, Philosophy and Rhetoric, 1:1, pp. 1–14.
- Bolonik, Kera (2007), ‘Does Sarah Silverman suck?’, The Nation, 15 October, http://www.thenation.com/article/does-sarah-silverman-suck. Accessed 23 December 2012.
- Eckert, Penelope and McConnell-Ginet, Sally (2003), Language and Gender, Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press.
- Feldmar, Shawna (2009), ‘Opting-out of the have-it-all discourse: Sarah Silverman's alternative to contemporary feminism’, UC Los Angeles: UCLA Center for the Study of Women, http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8w79b43t. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Fermaglich, Kirsten (2007), ‘Mel Brooks’ The Producers: Tracing American Jewish culture through comedy, 1967–2007', American Studies, 48:4, pp. 59–87.
- Finney, Gail (1994), ‘Introduction: Unity in difference?’, in G. Finney (ed.), Look Who's Laughing: Gender and Comedy, Langhorne, PA: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, pp. 1–13.
- Foucault, Michel ([1969] 1999), ‘What is an author?’, in J. D. Faubion (ed.), Aesthetics, Method, and Epistemology: Essential Works of Foucault, 1954–1984, Vol. II (trans. J. V. Harari), New York: The New Press, pp. 205–22.
- Friend, Tad (2007), 'Hostile acts: “The Sarah Silverman Program” puts the mean back in funny7, The New Yorker, 5 February, http://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/television/2007/02/05/070205crte_television_friend.Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Freud, Sigmund (1960), Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious, New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
- Gilbert, Joanne R. (2004), Performing Marginality: Humor, Gender, and Cultural Critique, Detroit: Wayne State University Press.
- Goodyear, Dana (2005), ‘Quiet depravity: The demure outrages of a standup comic’, The New Yorker, 24 October, http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/10/24/051024fa_fact. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Goulding, Janey (2009), ‘The Sarah Silverman program Season 1 DVD review’, Den of Geek, 24 April, http://www.denofgeek.com/dvd-bluray/8080/the-sarah-silverman-program-season-1-dvd-review. Accessed 2 August 2012.
- Grey, Frances (1994), Women and Laughter, Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
- Gross, Terry (2011), ‘Sarah Silverman: Turning ignorance into comedy’, Fresh Air, 15 July, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=126165357. Accessed 19 April 2012.
- Havrilesky, Heather (2007), ‘I like to watch’, Salon.com, 4 February, http://www.salon.com/entertainment/tv/i_like_to_watch/2007/02/04/silverman/index.html. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Holt, Jim (2008), Stop Me If You've Heard This: A History and Philosophy of Jokes, New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
- Horowitz, Susan (1997), Queens of Comedy: Lucille Ball, Phyllis Diller, Carol Burnett, Joan Rivers, and the New Generation of Funny Women, Amsterdam: Gordon and Breach.
- Jenkins, Henry (2008), ‘Awkward conversations about uncomfortable laughter’, FlowTV, http://flowtv.org/2008/03/awkward-conversations-about-uncomfortable-laughter-2/. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Jenkins, Mercilee M. (1986), ‘What's so funny? Joking among women’, in N. C. Brenner and B. Moonwomon (eds), Proceedings of the Berkeley Women and Language Conference, 1985, Berkeley: Linguistics Department, University of California, pp. 135–51.
- Illette, Penn and Provenza, Paul (2005), The Aristocrats, DVD, New York: ThinkFilm/Mighty Cheese Productions.
- Juni, Samuel and Katz, Bernard (2001), ‘Self-effacing wit as a response to oppression: Dynamics in ethnic humor’, The Journal of General Psychology, 128:2, pp. 119–42.
- Kohen, Yael (2009), ‘We'll show you who's funny’, Marie Claire, 12 March, http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity-lifestyle/celebrities/interviews/female-comedians-funny-actresses. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Lakoff, Robin T. (2003), Language and Woman's Place: Text and Commentaries, New York: Oxford University Press.
- Lasch, Christopher (1979), The Culture of Narcissism: American Life in an Age of Diminishing Expectations, New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
- Levine, Joan B. (1976), ‘The feminine routine’, Journal of Communication, 26:3, pp. 173–75.
- Lewis, Paul (2007), ‘Beyond empathy: Sarah Silverman and the limits of comedy’, Tikkun, 22:5, pp. 88–89.
- Limon, John (2000), Stand-Up Comedy in Theory, or, Abjection in America, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
- Maher, Bill (2001), Politically Incorrect, Los Angeles, CA: ABC, http://www/manaa.org/politicallyincorrect.html. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Martin, Linda and Segrave, Kerry (1986), Women in Comedy, Secaucus, NJ: Citadel Press.
- McGhee, Paul E. (1979), ‘The role of laughter and humor in growing up female’, in C. B. Kopp (ed.), Becoming Female: Perspectives on Development, New York: Plenum Press, pp. 183–206.
- Merrill, Lisa (1988), ‘Feminist humor: Rebellious and self-affirming’, in R. Barreca (ed.), Last Laughs: Perspectives on Women and Comedy, New York: Gordon and Breach, pp. 271–80.
- Miller, Carolyn R. (1984), ‘Genre as social action’, Quarterly Journal of Speech, 70:2, pp. 151–67.
- Pascoe, Sarah (2010), ‘Sara Pascoe: “female comics, stand-up to the audience”’, London is Funny, 22 July, http://www.londonisfunny.com/edinburgh/17467/Sara_Pascoe:_%27female_comics,_stand_up_to_the_audience%27. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Poniewozik, James (2007), ‘The Imus fallout: Who can say what?’, Time, 12 April, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1609807,00. html. Accessed 19 April 2012.
- Rodman, Gilbert B. (2006), ‘Race…and other four letter words: Eminem and the cultural politics of authenticity’, Popular Communication, 4:2, pp. 95–121.
- Rushton, Susie (2008), ‘Filthy irony and dark, dirty comedy take on our taboos’ (Review of Sarah Silverman, Hammersmith Apollo, London), The Independent, 20 October, http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/comedy/reviews/sarah-silverman-hammersmith-apollo-london- 967006.html. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Russell, Danielle (2002), ‘Self-deprecatory humor and the female comic: Self-destruction or comedic construction?’, Thirdspace, 2:1, http://www.thirds-pace.ca/journal/article/viewArticle/d_russell/68. Accessed 3 August 2012.
- The Superficial (2008), ‘Sarah Silverman and Matt Damon have intercourse’, The Superficial, 23 February, http://www.thesuperficial.com/sarah_silver-man_and_matt_damon-02–2008. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Sheppard, Alice (1991), ‘Social cognition, gender roles, and women's humor’, in J. Sochen (ed.), Women's Comic Visions, Detroit: Wayne State University Press, pp. 33–56.
- Silverman, Sarah (2001a), ‘Comedy central presents: The New York Friars Club Roast of Hugh Hefner’, Comedy Central, 4 November, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fMWvJRNGqE. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Silverman, Sarah (2001b), ‘Late Night with Conan O'Brien’, NBC Studios, 11 July, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8bYOWVLWybk. Accessed 3 August 2012.
- Silverman, Sarah (2005a), ‘Comedy Central Roast of Pamela Anderson’, Comedy Central, 14 August, http://www.metacafe.com/watch/158985/sarah_silverman_roasts_pamela_anderson/. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Silverman, Sarah (2005b), ‘The Tonight Show with Jay Leno’, Big Dog Productions, 7 December, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ReJWp3xstsg. Accessed 3 August 2012.
- Silverman, Sarah (2006), Jesus is Magic, Universal City, CA: Universal Music & Video.
- Silverman, Sarah (2007a), ‘2007 MTV Video Music Awards’, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TNMy0zRCpGE. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Silverman, Sarah (2007b), ‘2007 MTV Movie Awards’, MTV, http://www.mtv.com/videos/misc/151702/sarah-silverman-disses-paris-and-rips-hollywood-a-new. jhtml#series=1612&id=1560989. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Silverman, Sarah (2007c), ‘Humanitarian of the Year’, The Sarah Silverman Program, Eleven Eleven O'Clock Productions, 8 February 2007.
- Skovmand, Michael (2008), ‘The culture of post-Narcissism: Post-teenage, premidlife singles culture in Seinfeld, Ally McBeal and friends’, in D. Solange and R. Jackson (eds), Television and Criticism, Bristol & Chicago: Intellect Books, pp. 89–100.
- Sochen, June (ed.), (1991), Women's Comic Visions, Detroit: Wayne State University Press.
- Stanley, Alessandra (2007), ‘Cruel, clueless and, for a change, female’ [Review of ‘The Sarah Silverman Program’], The New York Times, 1 February, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/01/arts/television/01stan.html?_r=2&ref=television&oref=slogin. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Stark, Elizabeth (2010), ‘Why I hate Sarah Silverman’, 5 May, Open Salon, http://open.salon.com/blog/elizabeth_stark/2010/05/02/why_i_hate_sarah_silverman. Accessed 23 December 2011.
- Toth, Emily (1981), ‘Female wits’, The Massachusetts Review, 22:4, pp. 783–93.
- Walker, Nancy (1991), ‘Toward solidarity: Women's humor and group identity’, in J. Sochen (ed.), Women's Comic Visions, Detroit: Wayne State University Press, pp. 57–81.
- Wilde, Larry (1968), Great Comedians Talk about Comedy, New York: The Citadel Press.