27
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Testosterone hormone replacement and its alternatives

&
Pages 859-868 | Published online: 25 Feb 2005

Bibliography

  • ROY AK, CHATTERJEE B: Androgen action. Grit. Rev. Eukalyot. Gene Expr. (1995) 5:157–176.
  • SUNDARAM K, KUMAR N, MONDER CM, BARDIN CW: Different patterns of metabolism determine the relative anabolic activity of 19-noradrogens. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. (1995) 53:253–257.
  • RANDALL VA: Role of 5-alpha-reductase in health and disease. Balliere's Gun. Endocrinof Metab. (1994) 8:405–431.
  • SAWAYA MA, PRICE VH: Different levels of 5alpha-reductase Type I and II, aromatase and androgen receptor in hair follicles of women and men with androgenic alopecia. J. Invest. Dermatol. (1997) 109:296–300.
  • ROSELLI CE, ABDELGADIR SE, RONNEKLEIV OK,KLOSTERMAN SA: Anatomic distribution of aromatase gene expression in the rat brain. Biol. Reprod. (1998) 58:79–87.
  • COUSE JF, LINDZAY J, GRANDIEN K, GUSTAFSSON JK, KORACH KS: Tissue distribution and quantitative analysis of oestrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) and estrogen receptor-beta (ERbeta) messenger ribonu-cleic acid in the wild-type and ERalpha knockout mouse. Endocrinology (1997) 138:4613–4621.
  • NIPPOLDT TB, SREEKUMARANNAIR K: Is there a case for DHEA replacement? Balliere's Gun. Endocrinol. Metab. (1998) 12:507–520.
  • ARLT W, CAILLIES F, VAN VLIJMEN JC, KOEHLER I, REINCKE M, BIDLINGMAIER M; Dehydroepiandros-terone replacement in women with adrenal insuffi-ciency. N Engl. J. Med. (1999) 341:1013–1020.
  • PURIFOY FE, KOOPMANS LH, MAYES DM: Age differ-ences in serum androgen levels in normal adult males. Human Biol. (1981) 53:499–511.
  • DESLYPERE JP, VEREULEN A: Leydig cell function in normal men: effect of age, lifestyle, residence, diet and activity. J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1984) 59:955–962.
  • SEIDELL J, BJORNTORP P, SJOSTROM L, KVIST H, SANNERSTEDT R: Visceral fat accumulation in man is positively associated with insulin, glucose and C-peptide levels, but negatively associated with testos-terone levels. Metab. Clin. Exp. (1990) 39:897–901.
  • MURRAY M, GARDNER G, MOLLINGER L, SEPIC S: Strength of isometric and isokinetic contractions. Phys. Ther. (1979) 60:412–723.
  • COOPER C, ATKINSON E, O'FALLON WM, MELTON LJC:Incidence of clinically diagnosed vertebral fractures: a population-based study in Rochester, Minnesota 1985–1989.1 Bone Min. Res. (1992) 7:221–227.
  • WU FC: Testosterone Replacement Therapy. BristolSociety of Endocrinology (1996).
  • Intercontinental Medical Statistics. (30 April 1997).
  • BUSKIN G, ESCAMILLA F, LISSER H: Treatment of eunuchoidism: implantation of testosterone compounds in cases of male eunuchoidism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. (1941) 1:38–49.
  • BHASIN S: Androgen treatment of hypogonadal men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metal (1992) 74:1221–1225.
  • SYNDER P, LAWERENCE D: Treatment of male hypogonadism with testosterone enanthate. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1980) 51:1335–1339.
  • SCHURMEYER T, NIESCHLAG E. Comparative pharma-cokinetics of testosterone enanthate and testosterone cyclohexanecarboxylate as assessed by serum and salivary testosterone levels in ordinary man. Int. J. Androl. (1984) 7:181–187.
  • KNUTH UA, BEHRE HJM, BELKIEN LD, BENTS H, NIESCHLAG E: Clinical trial of 19-nortestosterone-hexoxyphenylpropionate (Anadu) for male fertility regulation. Fertil. Steril. (1985) 44:814–821.
  • BEHRE HJM, NIESCHLAG E: Testosterone buciclate(20-Aet-1) in hypogonadal men: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the new long-acting androgen ester. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1992) 75:1204–1210.
  • NIESCHLAG E, MAUSS J, COERT A, KICOVIC P: Plasma androgen levels in man after oral testosterone admini-stration of testosterone or testosterone undecanoate. Acta Endocrinol (Copenhagen) (1975) 79:366–74.
  • WU FC. Steroidogenesis and androgen use and abuse. Bailliere's Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1992) 6:373–403.
  • MEIKLE AW, BISHOP DT, STRINGHAM JD, WEST DW: Quantitating genetic and non-genetic factors that plasma sex steroid variation in normal male twins. Metabolism (1987) 35:1090–1095.
  • JOCKENHOVEL F, VOGEL E, KREUTZER M, REINHAARDTW, LEDERBOGEN S, REINWEIN D: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous testosterone implants in hypogonadal men. Clin. Endocrinol. (1996) 45:61–71.
  • MEIKLE AW, MAZER NA, MOELLMER JF et al.: Enhancedtransdermal delivery of testosterone across nonscrotal skin produces physiological concentra-tions of testosterone and its metabolites in hypogonadal men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1992) 74:623–628.
  • PARKER S, ARMITAGE M: Experience with transdermal testosterone replacement therapy for hypogonadal men. Clin. Endocrinol. (1999) 50:57–62.
  • FELMAN RJ, MAIBACH HI: Regional variation in percuta-neous penetration of 14C cortisol in man. J. Invest. Dermatol. (1967) 48:181–183.
  • JORDAN WP: Allergy and topical irritation associated with transdermal testosterone administration: a comparison of scrotal and nonscrotal transdermal systems. Am. J. Contact Dermatitis (1997) 8:108–113.
  • WANG C, BERMEN N, LONGSTRETH B eta].: Pharmacoki-netics of transdermal testosterone gel in hypogonadal men: application of gel at one site versus four sites: a general clinical research center study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2000) 85:964–969.
  • STUENKEL CA, DUDLEY RE, YEN SSC: Sublingual admini-stration of testosterone-hydroxylpropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex simulates episodic androgen release in hypogonadal men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1991) 72:1054–1059.
  • ANDERSON RA, MARTIN CW, KUNG AWC et al.: 7a-methy1-19-nortestosterone maintains sexual behavior and mood in hypogonadal men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1999) 84:3556–3562.
  • LEDER BJ, LONGCOPE C, CATLIN DH, AHRENS B, SCHONFELD DA, FINKELSTEIN JS: Oral androstenedione administration and serum testosterone concentra-tions in young men. JAMA (2000) 283:779–782.
  • BLAQUIER J, FORCHIELLI E, DORFMAN R: In vitro metabolism of androgens in whole human blood. Acta Endocrinol. (Copenhagen) (1967) 55:697–704.
  • EBERLE AJ, SPARROW J, KEENAN B: Treatment of persis-tent pubertal gynecomastia with dihydrotestosterone heptanoate. j Pedial (1986) 109:144–149.
  • KENNAN BS, EBERLE AJ, SPARROW JT: Dihydrotestos-terone heptanoate: synthesis, pharmacokinetics and effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular function. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1987) 64:557–562.
  • SCHAISON G, RENOIR M, LAGOGNEY M, MOWSZOWICZI: On the role of dihydrotestosterone in regulating hormone secretion in man. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1980) 51:1133–1137.
  • WANG C, IRANMANESH A, BERMAN N: Comparative pharmacokinetics of three doses of percutaneous dihydrotestosterone gel in healthy elderly men- a clinical research center study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1998) 83:2749–2757.
  • DE LIGNIERES B: Transdermal dihydrotestosteronetreatment of 'andropause'. Ann. Medicine (1993) 25:234–241.
  • WINTER ML, BOSLAND MC, WADE DR: Induction of benign prostatic hyperplasia in intact dogs by near physiological levels of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone and 17 beta-estradiol. Prostate (1995) 26:325–333.
  • ZHANG J, HESS MW, THURNHER M: Human prostatic smooth muscle cells in culture: estradiol enhances expression of smooth muscle cell-specific markers. Prostate (1997) 30:117–129.
  • SHERINS RJ, GANDY HM, THORSLUND TW, PAULSEN CA: Pituitary and testicular function studies. I. Experience with a new gonadal inhibitor, 17a-pregn-4-en-20-yno-(2,3-d)isoxazol-17-ol (Danazol). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1971) 32:522–531.
  • WINTERS SJ, TROEN P: Evidence for a role of endoge-nous estrogen in the hypothalamic control of gonado-tropin secretion in men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1985) 61:842–845.
  • CLARK RV, SHERINS RJ: Treatment of men with idiopathic oligozoospermic infertility using the aromatase inhibitor, testolactone. Results of a double-blinded randomized, placebo-controlled trial with crossover. J. Androl. (1989) 10:240–247.
  • BUCHTER D, BEHRE HM, KLIESCH S, NIESCHLAG E: Pulsatile GnRH or human chorionic gonado-tropin/human menopausal gonadotropin as effective treatment for men with hypogonadotropic hypogona-dism: a review of 42 cases. Eur. J. Endocrinol. (1998) 139:298–303.
  • HSEUH AJ: Paracrine mechanisms involved in granulosa cell differentiation. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1986) 15:117–134.
  • SHARPE RM: Paracrine control of the testis. Clin.Endocrinol. Metab. (1986) 15:185–207.
  • KHAN SA, HALLIN P, BARTLETT J, DE GEYTER C, NIESCHLAG E: Characterization of a factor from human ovarian follicular fluid which stimulates Leydig cell testosterone production. Acta Endocrinol (1988) 118:283–293.
  • TUCKER H, CROOK JW, CHESTERSON GJ: Nonsteroidalantiandrogens. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 3-substituted derivatives of 2-hydroxypropionanilides. J. Med. Chem. (1988) 31:954–959.
  • LUBAHN DB, JOSEPH DR, SAR M et al: The human androgen receptor: complementary deoxyribonucleic acid cloning, sequence analysis and gene expression in the prostate. Mol. Endocrinol. (1988) 2:1265–1275.
  • DAVIS SR, BURGER HG: The rationale for physiological testosterone replacement in women. Balliere's Chin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1998) 12:391–405.
  • HANNING RV: Metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DS) its metabo-lism to dehydroepiandrosterone androstenedione, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone and the effects of increased plasma DS concentration on DS MCR in normal women. J. Chin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1989) 69:1047–1052.
  • JUDD HL, YEN SSC: Serum androstenedione and testos-terone levels during the menstrual cycle. J. Chin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1973) 36:475–481.
  • LONGCOPE C, FRANZ C, MORELLO C, BAKER R, JOHNSTON CC: Steroid and gonadotropin levels in women during the pen-menopausal years. Maturitas (1986) 8:189–196.
  • TAZUKE S, SHAW K-T, CHIR MBB, BARRETT-CONNOR E: Exogenous oestrogen and endogenous sex hormones. Medicine (1992) 71:44–51.
  • DAVIS SR, MCCLOUD PI, STRAUSS BJ, BURGER H: Testos-terone enhances oestradiol's effects on post-menopausal bone density and sexuality. Maturitas (1995) 21:227–236.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.