Tachykinin receptor antagonists for asthma and COPD

Bibliography

• ROGERS DF: Neurogenic inflammation in lung disease: burnt out? Inflammopharmacology(1997) 5:319–329.
   Google Scholar
• KHAWAJA AM, ROGERS DF: Tachykinins: receptor to effector. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol.(1996) 28:721–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BARNES PJ: Neurogenic inflammation in the airways. Respir. Physiol(2001) 125:145–154.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• •Up-to-date review on neurogenic inflammation in the airways, with a discussion on relevance to humans. Part of a special issue of the journal on the innervation of the airways.
   Google Scholar
• NORMAN P: Pulmonary Diseases. Disease Trends and Market Opportunities.Financial Times Business Ltd, London (1999).
   Google Scholar
• ••Useful book on trends and economics ofrespiratory diseases, in particular asthma and COPD.
   Google Scholar
• BRITISH THORACIC SOCIETY: The British guidelines on asthma management. Thorax(1997) 52\(Suppl. 1):S1–521.
   Google Scholar
• AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY: Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Am. Rev Respir. Dis.(1987) 136:225–244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRITISH THORACIC SOCIETY: Guidelines for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax(1997) 52\(Suppl. 5):S1–528.
   Google Scholar
• SIAFAKAS NM: ERS consensus statement: optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur. Resp. Rev(1996) 6:270–275.
   Google Scholar
• AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY: Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respit: Ctit. Care Med.(1995) 152:S77–5120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SEARS MR: Descriptive epidemiology of asthma. Lancet(1997) 350:1–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MANNINO DM, HOMA DM, PERTOWSKI CA et al:Surveillance for asthma - United States, 1960–1995. Morbid.Mortal. Week. Rep: CDC Surveillance Sum. (1998) 47:11–27.
   Google Scholar
• SMITH DH, MALONE DC, LAWSON KA et al:A national estimate of the economic costs of asthma. Am. J. Respir. Grit. Care Med.(1997) 156:787–793.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BARNES PJ, JONSSON B, KLIM JB: The costs of asthma. Eur. Respir J.(1996) 9:636–642.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HURD S: The impact of COPD on lung health worldwide: epidemiology and incidence. Chest (2000)117:1S-4S. First article in a special supplement devoted to COPD.
   Google Scholar
• SULLIVAN SD, RAMSEY SD, LEE TA: The economic burden of COPD. Chest(2000) 117:5S–9S.
   Google Scholar
• JEFFERY PK: Differences and similarities between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Clin. Esp. Allergy(1999) 29:14–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Review of pathological differences between the two conditions.
   Google Scholar
• ROGERS DF: Mucus pathophysiology in COPD: differences to asthma and pharmacotherapy. Monaldi Arch. Chest Dis.(2000) 55:324–332.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FLETCHER C, PETO R, TINKER C, SPEIZER FE: The natural history of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. An eight year study of early COPD in working men in London. (1976).
   Google Scholar
• ANTHONISEN NR, CONNETT JE, KILEY JP et al.Effects of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV1. The Lung Health Study. JAMA(1994) 272:1497–1505.
   Google Scholar
• SHREWSBURY S, PYKE S, BRITTON M: Meta-analysis of increased dose of inhaled steroid or addition of salmeterol in symptomatic asthma (MIASMA). Brit. Med.
   Google Scholar
• LEFF A: Regulation of leukotrienes in themanagement of asthma: biology and clinical therapy. Annu. Rev Med.(2001) 52:1–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CULPITT SV, ROGERS DF: Evaluation of current pharmacotherapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Opin. Pharmacother.(2000) 1:1007–1020.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• •Critical discussion of the effectiveness of current treatment for COPD, with some evaluation of newer treatments available.
   Google Scholar
• BARNES PJ, ADCOCK IM: Steroid resistance in asthma. Q. j Med.(1995) 88:455–468.
   Google Scholar
• THE CHILDHOOD ASTHMA MANAGEMENT PROGRAM RESERACH GROUP: Long-term effects of budesonide or nedocromil in children with asthma. New Engl. j Med.(2000) 343:1054–1063.
   Google Scholar
• WALSH LJ, WONG CA, OBORNE J et al:Adverse effects of oral corticosteroids in relation to dose in patients with lung disease. Thorax(2001) 56:279–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TAYLOR DR, SEARS MR, COCKROFT DW: The beta-agonist controversy. Med. Chu. North Am.(1996) 80:719–748.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MAGGI CA, MELT A: The sensory-efferentfunction of capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurones. Gen. Pharmacol.(1987) 19:1–43.
   Google Scholar
• •Introduction of the term sensory-efferent to describe the motor activity of capsaicin-sensitive C-fibres.
   Google Scholar
• HOLZER P: Local effector functions of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerve endings: involvement of the tachykinins, calcitonin gene related peptide and other neuropeptides. Neuroscience(1988) 24:739–768.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UDDMAN R, HAKANSON R, LUTS A, SUNDLER F: Distribution of neuropeptides in airways. In: Autonomic Control of the Respiratory System.Barnes PJ (Ed.), Harwood Academic Publishers, London, UK (1997):21–37.
   Google Scholar
• MAGGI CA, PATACCHINI R, ROVERO P, GIACHETTI A: Tachykinin receptors and tachykinin receptor antagonists. Auton. Pharmacol.(1993) 13:23–93.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GERARD NP, BAO L, PING HX, GERARD C: Molecular aspects of the tachykinin receptors. Regul. Pept.(1993) 43:21–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PATACCHINI R, ASOLFI M, QUARTARA L, ROVERO P, GIACHETTI A, MAGGI CA: Further evidence for the existence of NK2 tachykinin receptor subtypes. Br. Pharmacol.(1991) 104:91–96.
   Google Scholar
• BERESFORD IJM, BIRCH PJ, HAGAN RM, IRELAND SJ: Investigation into species variants in tachykinin NKI receptors by use of the non-peptide antagonist, CP 96,345. Br. J. Pharmacol.(1991) 104:292–293.
   Google Scholar
• LONGMORE J, RAZZAQUE Z, SHAW D, HILL RG: Differences in the effects of NKj-receptor antagonists, CP-96,345 and CP-99,994 on agonist-induced responses in guinea-pig trachea. Br I Pharmacol.(1994) 112:176–178.
   Google Scholar
• PETITET E BEAUJOUAN J-C, SAFFROY M, TORRENS Y, GLOWINSKI J: The nonpeptide NK-2 antagonist SR 48968 is also a NK-3 antagonist in the guinea pig but not in the rat. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm.(1993) 191:180–187.
   Google Scholar
• MAZZONE SB, GERAGHTY DP: Respiratory action of capsaicin microinjected into the nucleus of the solitary tract: involvement of vanilloid and tachykinin receptors. Br I Pharmacol.(1999) 127:473–481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FISCHER A, HOFFMAN B: Nitric oxide synthase in neurones and nerve fibres of lower airways and in vagal sensory ganglia of man. Am. J. Respir Cut. Care Med.(1996) 154:209–216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MYERS AC, UNDEM BJ: Electrophysiological effects of tachykinins and capsaicin on guinea-pig bronchial parasympathetic ganglion neurones. Physiol.(1993) 470:665–679.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RAMNARINE SI, ROGERS DF: Non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic neural control of mucus secretion in the airways. Pulm. Pharmacol.(1994) 7:19–33.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BERTRAND C, GEPPETTI P: Tachykinin and kinin receptor antagonists: therapeutic perspectives in allergic disease. Trends Pharmacol. Sci.(1996) 17:255–259.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CANNING B, FISCHER A: Neural regulation of airway smooth muscle tone. Respir. Physiol.(2001) 125:113–127.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• •Up-to-date review of the neural control of airway smooth muscle contraction and relaxation.
   Google Scholar
• RAMNARINE SI, HIRAYAMA Y, BARNES PJ, ROGERS DF: 'Sensory-efferent neural control of mucus secretion: characterisation using tachykinin receptor antagonists in ferret trachea in vitro. Br Pharmacol.(1994) 113:1183–1190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KHAWAJA AM, LIU Y-C, ROGERS DF: Effect of non-peptide tachykinin Receptor antagonists on non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic neurogenic mucus secretion in ferret trachea. Eur. j Pharmacol.(1999) 384:173–181.
   Google Scholar
• LEI Y-H, BARNES PJ, ROGERS DF: Inhibition of neurogenic plasma exudation in guinea-pig airways by CP-96,345, a new non-peptide MK' receptor antagonist. Br. Pharmacol.(1992) 105:261–262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HIRAYAMA Y, LEI Y-H, BARNES PJ, ROGERS DF: Effects of two novel tachykinin antagonists, FK224 and FK888, on neurogenic airway plasma exudation, bronchoconstriction and systemic hypotension in guinea-pigs in vivo. Br. Pharmacol.(1993) 108:844–851.
   Google Scholar
• MAGGI CA, PATACCHINI R, ROVERO P, SANTICIOLI P: Tachykinin receptors and non-cholinergic bronchoconstriction in the guinea-pig isolated bronchi. Am. Respir. Crit. Care Med.(1991) 144:363–367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IRELAND SJ, BAILEY F, COOK A, HAGAN RM, JORDAN CC, STEPHENS-SMITH ML: Receptors mediating tachykinin-induced contractile responses in guinea-pig trachea. Br Pharmacol.(1991) 103:1463–1469.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CANNING BJ, FISCHER A, UNDEM BJ: Pharmacological analysis of the tachykinin receptors that mediate activation of nonadrenergic, noncholinergic relaxant nerves that innervate guinea pig trachealis. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.(1998) 284:370–377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GIRARD V, YAVO JC, EMONDS-ALT X, AD VENTER C: The tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist SR 48968 inhibits citric acid-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs. Am. I Respir. Crit. Care Med.(1996) 153:1496–1502.
   Google Scholar
• GIRARD V, NALINE E, VILAIN P, EMONDS-ALT X, AD VENTER C: Effect of the two tachykinin antagonists, SR 48968 and SR 140333, on cough induced by citric acid in the unanaesthetized guinea-pig. Eur. Respir. J.(1995) 8:1110–1114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ADVENIER C, LAGENTE V, BOICHOT E: The role of tachykinin receptor antagonists in the prevention of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation and cough. Eur. Respir J.(1997) 10:1892–1906.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DAOUI S, CUT Y-Y, LAGENTE V, EMONDS-ALT X, AD VENTER C: A tachykinin NK3 receptor antagonist, SR 142801 (Osanetant), prevents substance P- induced bronchial hyperactivity in guinea pigs. Pulm. Pharmacol Ther.(1997) 10:261–270.
   Google Scholar
• DAOUI S, COGNON C, NALINE E, EMONDS-ALT X, AD VENTER C: Involvement of tachykinin NK3 receptors in citric acid-induced cough and bronchial responses in guinea pigs. Am. j Rap*: Crit. Care Med.(1998) 158:42–48.
   Google Scholar
• JOOS GF, GERMONPRE PR, KIPS JC, PELEMAN RA, PAUWELS RA: Sensory neuropeptides and the human lower airways: present state and future directions. Eur. Respir. J.(1994) 7:1161–1171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LUNDBERG JM, MARTLING C-R, SARIA A: Substance P and capsaicin-induced contraction of human bronchi. Acta Physiol Land.(1983) 119:49–53.
   Google Scholar
• ROGERS DF, BARNES PJ: Opioid inhibition of neurally mediated mucus secretion in human bronchi. Lancet(1989) i:930–932.
   Google Scholar
• ELLIS JL, SHAM JSK, UNDEM BJ: Tachykinin-independent effects of capsaicin on smooth muscle in human isolated bronchi. Am. j Respir: Crit. Care Med.(1997) 155:751–755.
   Google Scholar
• ROGERS DF: Motor control of airway goblet cells and glands. Respir. Physiol(2000) 125:129–144.
   Google Scholar
• BAKER B, PEATFIELD AC, RICHARDSON PS: Nervous control of mucin secretion into human bronchi. Physiol(1985) 365:297–305.
   Google Scholar
• ROGERS DF, AUSUDKIJ B, BARNES PJ: Effect of tachykinins on mucus secretion in human bronchi in vitro. Eur. j Pharmacol(1989) 174:283–286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ADVENIER C, NALINE E, TOTY L et al.:Effects on the isolated human bronchus of SR 48968, a potent and selective nonpeptide antagonist of the neurokinin A (NK2) receptors. Am. Rev Respir. Dis.(1992) 146:1177–1181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YU X-Y, UNDEM BJ, SPANNHAKE EW: Protective effect of substance P on permeability of airway epithelial cells in culture. Am. j Physiol.(1996) 271:L889–L895.
   Google Scholar
• HOYLE GW, GRAHAM RIVI, FINKELSTEIN JB, NGUYEN K-PT, GOZAL D, FRIEDMAN M: Hyperinnervation of the airways in transgenic mice overexpressing nerve growth factor. Am. J Respir. Cell Mal Biol.(1998) 18:149–157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DE VRIES A, DESSING MC, ENGELS F, HENRICKS PAJ, NIJKAMP FP: Nerve growth factor induces a neurokinin-1 receptor-mediated airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs. Am. Respir: Crit. Care Med.(1999) 159:1541–1544.
   Google Scholar
• BIYAH K, MOLIMARD M, EMONDS-ALT X, AD VENTER C: SR 140333 prevents potentiation by citric acid of plasma exudation induced by histamine in airways. Eur. Pharmacol(1999) 308:325–328.
   Google Scholar
• WU Z-X, MORTON RF, LEE L-Y: Role of tachykinins in ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to cigarette smoke in guinea pigs. I Appl. Physiol(1997) 83:958–965.
   Google Scholar
• KRANEVELD AD, NIJKAMP FP, VAN OOSTERHOUT JM: Role for neurokinin-2 receptor in interleukin-5-induced airway hyperresponsiveness but not eosinophilia in guinea pigs. Am. j Respir. Grit. Care Med.(1997) 156:367–374.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KILLINGSWORTH CR, PAULAUSKIS JD, SHORE S: Substance P content and preprotachykinin gene-I mRNA expression in a rat model of chronic bronchitis. Am. Respir: Cell Mal Biol.(1996) 14:334–340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KARLSSON J-A, ZACKRISSON C, LUNDBERG JM: Hyperresponsiveness to tussive stimuli in cigarette smoke-exposed guinea pigs: a role for capsaicin-sensitive, calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing nerves. Acta Physiol Scam/.(1991) 141:445–454.
   Google Scholar
• BALZAMO E, JOANNY P, STEINBERG JG, OLIVER C, JAMMES Y: Mechanical ventilation increases substance P concentration in the vagus, sympathetic, and phrenic nerves. Am. I Respir: Grit. Care Med.(1996) 153:153–157.
   Google Scholar
• PIEDIMONTE G, RODRIGUEZ MM, KING KA, MCLEAN S, JIANG X: Respiratory syncitial virus upregulates expression of the substance P receptor in rat lungs. Am. J. Physid.(1999) 277:L831–L840.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KING KA, HU C, RODRIGUEZ MM, ROMAGUERA R, JIANG X, PIEDIMONTE G: Exaggerated neurogenic inflammation and substance P receptor upregulation in RSV-infected weanling rats. Am. J Respir: Cell Mal Biol.(2001) 24:101–107.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FISCHER A, MCGREGOR GP, SARIA A, PHILIPPIN B, KUMMER W: Induction of tachykinin gene and peptide expression in guinea pig nodose primary afferent neurons by allergic airway inflammation. J. Cliri. Invest.(1996) 98:2284–2291.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BERTRAND C, GEPPETTI P, GRAF PD, FOREST A, NADEL JA: Involvement of neurogenic inflammation in antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs. Am. J. Physiol(1993) 265:L507–L511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BERTRAND C, GEPPETTI P, BAKER J, YAMAWAKI I, NADEL JA: Role of neurogenic inflammation in antigen-induced vascular extravasation in guinea pig trachea. j Immunol(1993) 150:1479–1485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KHAN S, LIU Y-C, KHAWAJA AM, MANZINI S, ROGERS DF: Effect of the long-acting tachykinin MK' receptor antagonists MEN 11467 on tracheal mucus secretion in allergic ferrets. Br. I Pharmacol(2001) 132:189–196.
   Google Scholar
• BONINI S, LAMBIASE A, BONINI S et al.:Circulating nerve growth factor levels are increased in humans with allergic diseases and asthma. Proc. Nat] Acad. Sci.(1996) 93:10955–10960.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Demonstration that NGF is upregulated in patients with allergy, and levels correlate with disease severity.
   Google Scholar
• VIRCHOW JC, JULIUS P, LOMMATZSCH M, LUTTMANN W, RENZ H, BRAUN A: Neurotrophins are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after segmental allergen provocation. Am. Respir: Crit. Care Med.(1998) 158:2002–2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CARDELL LO, UDDMAN R, EDVISSON L: Low plasma levels of VIP and elevated levels of other neuropeptides during exacerbations of asthma. Eur. Respir: (1994) 7:2169–2173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TOMAKI M, ICHINOSE M, MIURA M etal.:Elevated substance P content in induced sputum from patients with asthma and patients with chronic bronchitis. Am. Respir: Grit. Care Med.(1995) 151:613–617.
   Google Scholar
• NIEBER K, BAUMGARTEN CR, RATHSACK R, FURKERT J, OEHME P, KUNKEL G: Substance P and 13-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in lavage fluids of subjects with and without allergic asthma. j Allergy Cliri. Immuriol(1992) 90:646–652.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LILLY CM, BAT TR, SHORE SA, HALL AE, DRAZEN JM: Neuropeptide content from asthmatic and nonasthmatic patients. Am. J. Grit. Care Med.(1995) 151:548–553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OLLERENSHAW SL, JARVIS D, WOOLCOCK A, SULLIVAN C, SCHEIBNER T: Substance P immunoreactive nerves in airways from asthmatics and non-asthmatics. Eur. Respir.(1991) 4:673–682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HOWARTH PH, DJUKANOVIC R, REDDINGTON T, HOLGATE ST, SPRIN GALL DR, POLAK JM: Neuropeptide-containing nerves in endobronchial biopsies from asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects. Am. I Respir. Cell Mol Biol.(1995) 13:288–296.
   Google Scholar
• ADCOCK IM, PETERS M, GELDER C, SHIRASAKI H, BROWN CR, BARNES PJ: Increased tachykinin receptor gene expression in asthmatic lung and its modulation by steroids. I Mol. Endue/ilia(1993) 11:1–7.
   Google Scholar
• BAT A, ZHOU D, WEIR T et al.:Substance P (NK1)- and neurokinin A (NK2)-receptor gene expression in inflammatory airway diseases. Am. Physiol(1995) 269:L309–L317.
   Google Scholar
• GOLDIE RG: Receptors in asthmatic airways. Am. Rev Respir. Dis.(1990) 141:S151–S156.
   Google Scholar
• ICHINOSE M, MURAI M, YAMAGUCHI H et al.:A neurokinin 1-receptor antagonist improves exercise-induced airway narrowing in asthmatic patients. Am. j Respir Grit. Care Med.(1996) 153:936–941.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FAHY J, WONG HH, GEPPETTI P etal.:Effect of an NK1 receptor antagonist (CP-99,994) on hypertonic saline-induced bronchoconstriction and cough in male asthmatic subjects. Am. I Respir Grit. Care Med.(1995) 152:879-884. PAUWELS R: The effect of inhaled FK224, a tachykinin NK-1 and NK-2 receptor antagonist, on neurokinin A-induced bronchconstriction. Am. I Respir. Grit. Care Med.(1996) 153:1781–1784.
   Google Scholar
• VAN SCHOOR J, JOOS GF, CHASSON100. BL, BROUARD RJ, PAUWELS RA: The effect of the NK2 tachykinin antagonist SR 48968 (saredutanfl on neurokinin A- induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatics.•Eur. Respir J.(1998) 12:17–23.
   Google Scholar
• ICHINOSE, M, NAKAJIMA N,101. TAKAHASHI T, YAMAUCHI H, INOUE H, TAKISHIMA T: Protection against bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients by neurokinin receptor antagonist. Lancet(1993) 340:1248-1251.102.
   Google Scholar
• •First reportofaclinicaltrialofatachykinin antagonist in human subjects.
   Google Scholar
• ICHINOSE M, KATSUMATA U, KIKUCHI R et al.:Effect of tachykinin antagonist on chronic bronchitis patients.103.Am. Rev Respir. Dis.(1993) 147 (Suppl):A318.
   Google Scholar
• JOOS GF, VAN SCHOOR J, KIPS JC, Phannacol.(1990) 100:588–592.
   Google Scholar
• BOLSER DC, DEGENNARO FC, O'REILLY S, MCLEOD RL, HEY JA: Central antitussive effect of the NK1 and NK2 tachykinin receptor antagonists, CP-99,994 and SR 48968, in the guinea-pig and cat. Br. J. Pharmacol(1997) 121:165–170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEE L-Y, PISARRI TE: Afferent propertiesand reflex functions of bronchopulmonary C-fibres. Respir. Physiol(2001) 125:47–65.
   Google Scholar
• ROSELL S, BJORKROTH U, FOLKERS K: Subpopulations of substance P (SP) receptors and separate eledoisin receptors. In: Substance 1?SkrabanekP, Powell D (Eds.), Boole Press, Dublin, Ireland (1983):61–62.
   Google Scholar
• FOLKERS K, HAKANSON R, HORIG J, JIE-CHENG X, LEANDER S: Biological evaluation of substance P antagonists. Br Pharmacol(1984) 83:449–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZACHARIA S, ROSSOWSKI WJ, JIANG N-Y, ERTAN A, COY DH: New reduced peptide bond substance P agonists and antagonists: effects on smooth muscle contraction. Eur. j Pharmacol(1991) 203:353–357.
   Google Scholar
• BUCK SH, HARBESON CF, HASSMANN SA et al:lLeu9ty(CH2NH)Leul°1 neurokinin A(4–10) (MDL 28,564) distinguishes tissue tachykinin peptide NK2 receptors. Life Sci.(1990) 47:PL37-PL41. SNIDER RM, CONSTANTINE JW, LOWE JW et al:A potent nonpeptide antagonist of the substance P (NK1) receptor. Science(1991) 251:435-437. First reportoftheeffectsofanon-peptidetachykinin receptor antagonist. GARRET C, CARRUETTE A, FARDIN V et al.:Pharmacological properties of a potent and selective nonpeptide substance P antagonist. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA(1991) 88:10208–10212.
   Google Scholar
• EMONDS-ALT X, VILAIN P, GOULAOUIC P et al.:A potent and selective non-peptide antagonist of the neurokinin A (NK2) receptor. Life Sci.(1992) 50:PL101-PL106.
   Google Scholar
• WANG Z-Y, TUNG SR, STRICHARTZ GR, HAKANSON R: Non-specific actions of the non-peptide receptor antagonists, CP-96,345, RP 67580 and SR 48968. Br Pharmacol(1994) 111:179–184.
   Google Scholar
• •Demonstration thatpreviouslyclaimedselective tachykinin receptor antagonists had activities additional to tachykinin receptor antagonism.
   Google Scholar
• MCLEAN S, GANONG A, SEYMOUR PA: Pharmacology of CP-99,994; a non-peptide antagonist of the tachykinin neurokinin-1 receptor. j Pharmacol Exp. Ther.(1993) 267:472–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SEWARD EM, SWAIN CJ: Neurokinin receptor antagonists. Expert Opinion Mei: Patents(1999) 9:571–582.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Discussion oftachykininreceptorantagonists leading on to present article.
   Google Scholar
• PATACCHINI R, MAGGI CA: Amastatin interferes with the antagonist properties of MEN 10,208 in the rabbit pulmonary artery but not in the hamster trachea. Eur. Pharmacol(1993) 236:31–37.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GUARD S, WATSON SP, MAGGIO JE, PHON TOO H, WATLING KJ: Pharmacological analysis of [3H1-senktide binding to NK3 tachykinin receptors in guinea pig-pig ileum longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus and cerebral cortex membranes. Br j Pharmacol(1990) 99:767–773.
   Google Scholar
• BUCKNER CK, LIBERATI N, DEAD et al.:Differential blockade by tachykinin NK1 and NK2 receptor antagonists of bronchoconstriction induced by direct-acting agonists and the indirect-acting mimetics capsaicin, serotonin and 2-methyl-serotonin in the anesthetized guinea pig. J. Pharm. Exp. Ther.(1993) 267:1168–1175.
   Google Scholar
• CHUNG F-Z, WU L-H, TIAN Y et al:Two classes of structurally different antagonists display similar species preference for the human tachykinin neurokinin3 receptor. Mol. Pharmacol(1995) 48:711–716.
   Google Scholar
• CASCIERI MA, BER E, FONG TM et al.:Characterisation of the binding of a potent, selective, radioiodinated antagonist to the human neurokinin-1 receptor. Mol Pharmacol(1992) 42:458–463.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PERRETTI F, BALLATI L, MANZINI S, MAGGI CA, EVANGELISTA S: Antibronchospastic activity of MEN10,627, a novel tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist, in guinea-pig airways. Eur. I Pharmacol(1995) 273:129–135.
   Google Scholar
• MAGGI CA, PATACCHINI R, GIULIANI S etal.:Competitive antagonists discriminate between NK2 tachykinin receptor antagonists. Br.
   Google Scholar
• D'ORLEANS-JUSTE E DION S, DRAPEAU G, REGOLI D: Different receptors are involved in the endothelium-mediated relaxation and the smooth muscle contraction of the rabbit pulmonary artery in response to substance P and related neurokinins. Eur. j Phannacol.(1986) 125:37–44.
   Google Scholar
• DION S, D'ORLEANS-JUSTE E DRAPEAU G: Characterization of neurokinin receptors in various isolated organs by the use of selective agonists. Life Sci.(1987) 41:2269–78.
   Google Scholar
• JONES PW, QUIRK FH, BAVEYSTOCK CM: The St George's Respiratory Questionnaire. Respir Med.(1991) 85 (Suppl. B):25–31.
   Google Scholar