Bibliography
- LAWSON K: Potassium channel activation: a potential therapeutic approach? Pharmacol. Ther. (1996) 70:39–63.
- LORENZ JN, SCHNEERMANN J, BROSIUS FC, BRIGGS JP, FURSPAN PB: Intracellular ATP can regulate afferent arteriolar tone via ATP-sensitive K+ channels in the rabbit. j Glitz Invest. (1992) 90:733–40.
- BLACK JL, JOHNSON PR, MCKAY KO, CAREY D, ARMOUR CL: Levcromakalim-and isoprenaline-induced relaxation of human isolated airways - role of the epithelium and of K+ channel. Pul. Pharmacol. (1994) 7:195–203.
- BONEV AD, NELSON MT: ATP-sensitive potassium channels in smooth muscle cells from guinea pig urinary bladder. Am. Physiol. (1993) 264:C1190–C1200.
- CLISSOLD SP, HEEL RC: Topical minoxidil. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic properties and therapeutic efficacy in alopecia areata and alopecia androgenetics. Drugs Ther. (1987) 33:107–122.
- LONGMAN SD, HAMILTON TC: Potassium channel activator drugs: mechanism of action, pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential. Med. Res. Rev (1992) 12:73–148.
- MILLAR C, WILSON WS: Comparison of the effects of vasodilator drugs on intraocular pressure and vascular relaxation. Br. I Pharmacol. Proc. Suppl. (1991) 104:55P.
- YOKOSHIKI H, SUNAGAWA M, SEKI T,SPERELAKIS N: ATP-sensitive K+ channels in pancreatic, cardiac, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Am. j Physiol. (1998) 274: C25–C37.
- CLEMENT JP IV, KUNJILWAR K, GONZALEZ G etal.: Association and stoichiometry of KATP channel subunits. Neuron (1997) 18:827–838.
- MURRY CE, JENNINGS RB, REIMER KA: Preconditioning with ischemia: a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium. Circulation. (1986) 74:1124–1136.
- GIDDAY JM, FITZGIBBONS JC, SHAH AR, PARK TS: Neuroprotection from ischemic brain injury by hypoxic preconditioning in the neonatal rat. Neurosri. Lem (1994) 168:221–224.
- PERALATA C, CLOSA G, HOTTER E, GELPI N, PRATS N, ROSELLO-CARAFAU J: Liver ischemic preconditioning is mediated by the inhibitory action of nitric oxide on endothelin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. (1996) 229:264–270.
- LIU GS, THORNTON DM, VAN WINKLE AWH, OLSSON RA, DOWNEY JM: Protection against infarction afforded by preconditioning is mediated by the Al adenosine receptors in rabbit heart. Circulation (1991) 84:350–356.
- LIU GS, JACOBSEN KA, DOWNEY JM: An irreversible Al-selective adenosine agonist preconditions rabbit heart. Can. Cardiol. (1996) 12:517–21.
- YTREHUS K, LIU Y, DOWNEY JM: Preconditioning protects the ischemic rabbit heart by protein kinase C activation. Am. Physiol (1994) 266:H-1145-H–1152.
- TANAKA M, FUJIWARA H, YAMASAKI K, SASAYAMA S: Superoxide dismutase and N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine attenuate infarct size limitation effect of ischemic preconditioning in the rabbit. Cardiovasc. Res. (1994) 28:980–986.
- BANERJEE A, LOCKE-WINTER C, ROGERS KB etal.: Preconditioning against myocardial dysfunction after ischemia and reperfusion by an alpha 1-adrenergic mechanism. Circ. Res. (1993) 73:656–670.
- GROSS GJ, AUCHAMPACH J: Blockade of ATP-sensitive potassium channels prevents myocardial preconditioning in dogs. Circ. Res. (1992) 70:223–233.
- GROVER GJ, MCCULLOUGH JR, HENRY DE, CONDER ML, SLEPH PC: Anti-ischemic effects of the potassium channel activators pinacidil and cromakalim and the reversal of these effects with the potassium channel blocker glyburide. Pharmacol. Exp. Therapeut. (1989) 251:98–104.
- GARLID KD, PAUCEK P, YAROV-YAROVOY V et al.: Cardioprotective effect of diazoxide and its interaction with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels: possible mechanism of cardioprotection. Circ. Res. (1997) 81:1072–1082.
- •This study is one of the first to present strong evidence that mitochondrial KATP channels are the effectors of preconditioning.
- LIU Y, SATO T, O'ROURKE B, MARBAN E: Mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channels: novel effectors of cardioprotection? Circulation (1998) 97:2463–2469.
- GROVER GJ, MCCULLOUGH JR, D'ALONZO AJ, SARGENT CA, ATWAL KS: Cardioprotective profile of the cardiac-selective ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener BMS-180448. I Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1995) 25:40–50.
- LIANG BT, GROSS GJ: Direct preconditioning of cardiac myocytes via opioid receptors and KATP channels. Circ. Res. (1999) 84:1396–1400.
- MEI DA, ELLIOTT GT, GROSS GJ: KATP channels mediate late preconditioning against infarction produced by monophosphoryl lipid A. Am. j Physiol. (1996) 271:H2723–2729.
- AUCHAMPACH JA, GROVER GJ, GROSS GJ: Blockade of ischaemic preconditioning in dogs by the novel ATP dependent potassium channel antagonist sodium 5-hydroxydecanoate. Cardiovasc. Res. (1992) 26:1054–1062.
- WANG Y, HIRAI K, ASHRAF M: Activation of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channel for cardiac protection against ischemic injury is dependent on protein kinase C activity. Circ. Res. (1999) 85:731–741.
- GARLID KD: Opening mitochondrial KATP in the heart - what happens, and what does not happen. Basic Res. Cardiol. (2000) 95:275–279.
- HEURTEAUX C, BERTAINA V, WIDMANN C, LAZDUNSKI M: K+ channel openers prevent global ischemia-induced expression of c-fos, c-jun, heat shock protein, and amyloid beta-protein precursor genes and neuronal death in rat hippocampus. Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. USA (1993) 90:9431–9435.
- TANHEHCO EJ, YASOJIMA K, MCGEER PL etal.: Preconditioning reduces tissue complement gene expression in the rabbit isolated heart. Am. j Physiol. (1999) 277:2373–2380.
- TANHEHCO EJ, YASOJIMA K, MCGEER PL, MCGEER EG, LUCCHESI BR: Preconditioning reduces tissue complement gene expression in vivo. Am. Physiol (2000) 279:H1157–H1165
- ARMSTRONG SC, LIU GS, DOWNEY JM, GANOTE CE: Potassium channels and preconditioning of isolated rabbit cardiomyocytes: effects of glyburide and pinacidil. j Md. Cell. Cardiol. (1995) 27:1765–74.
- AUCHAMPACH JA, GROSS GJ: Adenosine Al receptors, KATP channels, and ischemic preconditioning in dogs. Am. Physiol (1993) 264:H1327–H1336.
- MORITA Y, MURAKAMI T, IWASE T et al.: KATP channels contribute to the cardioprotection of preconditioning independent of anaesthetics in rabbit hearts. J. Md. Cell Cardiol (1997) 29:1267–1276.
- SCHULZ R, ROSE J, HEUSCH G: Involvement of activation of ATP-dependent potassium channels in ischemic preconditioning in swine. Am. I Physiol (1994) 267:H1341–H1352.
- ATWAL KS: Pharmacology and structure-activity relationships for KATP modulators: tissue-selective KATP openers. j Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1994) 24:S12–S17.
- •Concise review on KATI, channel openers.
- PETIT P, HILLAIRE-BUYS D, MIR AK, LOUBATIERES-MARIANI MM: Differential effects of cromakalim on pancreatic vascular resistance and insulin secretion in vitro. Fund. Clin. Pharmacol (1992) 6:185–190.
- EDWARDS G, WESTON AH: Pharmacology of the potassium channel openers. Cardiovas. Drugs Ther. (1995) 9:185–193.
- RAEBURN D, KARLSSON J-A: Potassium channel openers: airway pharmacology and clinical possibilites in asthma. Frog. Drug. Res. (1991) 37: 161–180.
- SMALL RC, BERRY JL, BURKA JF et al: Potassium channel activators and bronchial asthma. Clin. Exp. Allergy (1992) 22:11–18.
- BUCHHEIT KH, FOZARD JR: KATP channel openers for the treatment of airways hyperreactivity. Pul Pharmacol. Therapeut. (1999) 12:103–105.
- WILLIAMS AJ, LEE TH, COCHRANE GM etal.: Attenuation of nocturnal asthma by cromakalim. Lancet (1990) 336:334–336.
- STAMBAUGH K, ELLIOTT GT, JACOBSON KA, LIANG BT: Additive effects of late preconditioning produced by monophosphoryl lipid A and the early preconditioning mediated by adenosine receptors and KATP channel. Circulation (1999) 99:3300–3307.
- •Introduces the concept of using multiple agents to synergistically increase the effectiveness of preconditioning.
- BABENKO AP KAZANTSEVA ST, KHAVINSON VKH: Activation of ATP- sensitive K+ - channels of cardiomyocytes by endogenous cardiopeptides. Biull. Eksp. Biol. Med. (1992) 114:54–56.
- LIN CS, BOLTZ RC, BLAKE JT, NGUYEN M, TALENTO A, FISCHER PA: Voltage-gated potassium channels regulate calcium-dependent pathways involved in human T lymphocyte activation. I Exp. Med. (1993) 177:637–645.
- LEONARD RJ, GARCIA ML, SLAUGHTER RS, REUBEN JP: Selective blockers of voltage-gated K+ channels depolarize human T lymphocytes: mechanism of the antiproliferative effect of charybdotoxin. Proc. Nat] Acad. Sci. USA (1992) 89:10094–10098.
- LEW A, CHAMBERLIN AR: Human T-cell Kv1.3 potassium channel blockers: new strategies for immunosuppression. Expert Opin. Ther. Pat. (2000) 10:905–915.
- ••Excellent review on Kv1.3 channelblockers.
- CHANDY KG, GUTMAN GA: Voltage- gated potassium channel genes. In: Handbook of Receptors and Channels. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA (1995):1–71.
- AIYAR J, WITHKA JM, RIZZI JP et al: Topology of the pore-region of a K+ channel revealed by the NMR-derived structures of scorpion toxins. Neuron (1995) 15:1169–1181.
- DURRELL S, HAO Y, GUY H: Structural models of the transmembrane region of voltage-gated and other K+ channels in open, closed and inactivated conformations. Struct. Biol. (1998) 121:263–284.
- KOO GC, BLAKE JT, TALENTO A etal.: Blockade of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 inhibits immune responses in vivo. J Immunol (1997) 158:5120–5128.
- ••First in vivo study demonstrating the efficacy of Kv1.3 channel blockade to prevent inflammation.
- KOCH RO, WANNER SG, KOSCHAK A etal.: Complex subunit assembly of neuronal voltage-gated K+ channels. Basis for high-affinity toxin interactions and pharmacology. I Biol. Chem. (1997) 272:27577–27581.
- BEETON C, BARBARIA J, GIRAUD Pet al.: Selective blockade of voltage-gated K+ channels improves experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and inhibits T cell activation. j Immunol. (2001) 166:936–944.
- PENNINGTON MW, MAHNIR VM, KRAFTE DS et al.: An essential binding surface for ShK toxin interaction with rat brain potassium channels. Biochemistry (1996) 35:16407–16411.
- DAUPLAIS M, LEQOC A, SONG J et al: On the convergent evolution of animal toxins. Conservation of a diad of functional residues in potassium channel-blocking toxins with unrelated structures. _J. Biol. Chem. (1997) 272:4302–4309.
- COTTON J, CREST M, BOUET F et at.: A potassium-channel toxin from the sea anemone Buriodosoma granulifera, an inhibitor of Kvl channels. Revision of the amino acid sequence, disulfide-bridge assignment, chemical synthesis, and biological activity. Eur. I Biochem. (1997) 244:192–202.
- KALMAN K, PENNINGTON MW LANIGAN MD et al: ShK-Dap22, a potent Kv1.3-specific immunosuppressive polypeptide. I Biol. Chem. (1998) 49:32697–32707.
- •Provides insight into the process of developing a Kv1.3 channel specific blocker.
- KOO GC, BLAKE JT, SHAH K et at.: Correolide and derivatives are novel immunosuppressants blocking the lymphocyte Kv1.3 potassium channels. Cell. brimuriol. (1999) 197:99–107.
- •This study tests correolide in the same in vivo model used to investigate the efficacy of MgTx.
- FELIX JP, BUGIANESI RIVI, SCHMALHOFER WA et al: Identification and biochemical characterization of a novel nortriterpene inhibitor of the human lymphocyte voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv1.3. Biochemistry (1999) 38:4922–4930.
- HANSON D, NGUYEN A, MATHER R et al: UK-78,282, a novel piperidine compound that potently blocks the Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channel and inhibits human T cell activation. Br Pharmacol (1999) 126:1707–1716.
- LAWSON K: Potassium channel openers as potential therapeutic weapons in ion channel disease. Kidney Intl. (2000) 57:838–845.
- GARCIA-KALVO M, KNAUS H-G, MCMANUS OB, GIANGIACOMO KM, KACZOROWSKI GJ, GARCIA ML: Purification and reconstitution of the high-conductance, calcium activated potassium channel from tracheal smooth muscle. Biol. Chem. (1994) 269:676–682.
- KNAUS H-G, GARCIA-CALVO M, KACZOROWSKI GJ, GARCIA ML: Subunit composition of the high-conductance, calcium activated potassium channel from smooth muscle, a representative of the mS/o and slowpoke family of potassium channels. J. Biol. Chem. (1994) 29:3921–3924.
- GIANGIACOMO KM, KAMASSAH A, HARRIS G, MCMANUS OB: Mechanism of the maxi-K channel activation by dehydrosoyasaponin-I. I Gen. Physiol (1998) 112:484–501.
- LEE SH, HENSENS OD, HELMS GL et al.: L-735,334, a novel sesquiterpenoid potassium channel-agonist from Trichoderma virens. j Nat. Prod (1995) 58:1822–1828.
- OLESEN S-P: Activators of large-conductance Ca2+ - dependent K+ chanels. Expert Opin. Ilivestig. Drugs (1994) 3:1181–1188.
- GRIBKOFF VK, CHAMPIGNY G, BARBRY P, DWORETZKY SI, MEAN WELL NA, LAZDUNSKI M: The substituted benzimidazolone N5004 is an opener of the cystic fibrosis chloride channel. ..J. Biol. Chem. (1994) 269:10983–10986.
- VELTKAMP R, DOMOKI F, BARI E BUSIJA DW: Potassium channel activators protect the N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced cerebral vascular dilation after combined hypoxia and ischemia in piglets. Stroke (1998) 29:837–842.
- KANKAANRANTA H, LUOMALA M, KOSONEN 0, MOILANEN E: Inhibition by fenamates of calcium influx and proliferation of human lymphocytes. Br J. Pharmacol (1996) 119:487–494.
- KANKAANRANTA H, MOILANEN E, LINDBERG K, VAPAATALO H: Pharmacological control of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte degranulation by fenamates and inhibitors of receptor-mediated calcium entry and protein kinase C. Biochem. Pharmacol (1995) 50:197–203.
- CHEN Q, OLNEY JW, LUKASIEWICZ PD, ALMLI T, ROMANO C: Fenamates protect neurons against ischemic and excitotoxic injury in chick embryo retina. Neurosci. Lett. (1998) 242:163–166.
- BLAZSO G, GABOR M: Effects of prostaglandin antagonist phloretin derivatives on mouse ear edema induced with different skin irritants. Prostaglandins (1995) 50:161–168.
- HOGG RC, WANG Q, LARGE WA: Action of niflumic acid on evoked and spontaneous calcium-activated chloride and potassium currents in smooth muscle cells from rabbit portal vein. Br. J. Pharmacol (1994) 112:977–984.
- ABITBOL I, PERETZ A, LERCHE C, BUSCH AE, ATTALI B: Stilbenes and fenamates rescue the loss of I(KS) channel function induced by an LQT5 mutation and other IsK mutants. EMBO J. (1999) 18:4137–4148.
- PERRY I, BUTTRUM SM, NASH GB: Effect of activation on adhesion of flowing neutrophils to cultured endothelium: time course and inhibition by a calcium channel blocker (nitrendipine). Br J. Pharmacol (1993) 110:1630–1634.
- CHI L, BLACK SC, KUO PI, FAGBEMI SO, LUCCHESI BR: Actions of pinacidil at a reduced potassium concentration: a direct cardiac effect possibly involving the ATP-dependent potassium channel. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1993) 21:179–190.