Recent developments of retinoids as therapeutic agents

Bibliography

• GUDAS LJ, SPORN MB, ROBERTS AB: Cellular biology and biochemistry of the retinoids. In: The Retinoith. Sporn MB, Roberts AB, Goodman DS (Eds), Raven Press, New York (1994):443–520.
   Google Scholar
• SUN SY, LOTAN R: Retinoids and their receptors in cancer development and chemoprevention. Grit. Rev Oncol Hematol (2002) 41:41–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •A detailed review on chemoprevention trials of retinoids.
   Google Scholar
• THACHER SM, VASAUDEVAN J, CHANDRARATNA RA: Therapeutic applications for ligands of retinoid receptors. Curr. Pharm. Des. (2000) 6:25–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHAMBON P: A decade of molecular biology of retinoic acid receptors. FASEB (1996) 10:940–945.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ••An excellent review on retinoid receptors.
   Google Scholar
• PIEDRAFITA FJ, PFAHL M: Nuclear retinoid receptors and mechanism of action. In: Retinoith: the biochemical, and molecular basis of vitamin A and retinoid action. Nau H, Blaner WS (Eds) Springer-Verlag, Berlin, (1999):153–184.
   Google Scholar
• VULIGONDA V, UN Y, THACHER SM, STANDEVEN AM, KOCHAR DM, CHANDRARATNA RA: A new class of RAR subtype selective retinoids: correlation of pharmacological effects with receptor activity. Bioorg. Med. Chem. (1999) 7:263–270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHEN S, OSTROWSKI J, WHITING Getal.: Retinoic acid receptor y mediates topical retinoid efficacy and irritation in animal models. J. Invest. Dermatol. (1995) 104:779–783.
   Google Scholar
• SHROOT B, GIBSON DFC, LU XP: Retinoid receptor-selective agonists and their action in skin. In: Retinoids: the biochemical, and molecular bath of vitamin A and retinoid action. Nau H, Blaner WS (Eds) Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1999):539–559.
   Google Scholar
• BLUMBERG B, EVANS RM: Orphan nuclear receptors—new ligands and new possibilities. Genes Dev. (1998) 12:3149–3155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SCHULMAN IG, CROMBIE D, BISSONNETTE RP et al.: RXR-specific agonists and modulators: a new retinoid pharmacology. In: Retinoids: the biochemical, and molecular bath of vitamin A and retinoid action. Nau H, Blaner WS (Eds) Springer-Verlag, Berlin, (1999):215–235.
   Google Scholar
• FREEDMAN LP: Increasing the complexity of coactivation in nuclear receptor signaling. Cell (1999) 97:5–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NAGPAL S, CHANDRARATNA RA: Recent developments in receptor-selective retinoids. Curr. Pharm. Des. (2000) 6:919–931.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Progress in retinoid medicinal chemistry.
   Google Scholar
• DAWSON MI, ZHANG X, HOBBS PD, JONG L: Synthetic retinoids and their usefulness in biology and medicine. In: Vitamin A, and retinoids: an update of biological aspects and clinical applications. Livrea MA (Ed.), Birkhauser Verlag Basel (2000):161–197.
   Google Scholar
• BENBROOK DM, MADLER MM, SPRUCE LW et al.: Biologically active heteroarotinoids exhibiting anticancer activity and decreased toxicity. I Med. Chem. (1997) 40:3567–3583.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZACHEIS D, DHAR A, LU S etal.: Heteroarotinoids inhibit head and neck cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo through both RAR and RXR retinoic acid receptors. ?Med. Chem. (1999) 42:4434–4445.
   Google Scholar
• GURUSWAMY S, LIGHTFOOT S, GOLD MA et al: Effects of retinoids on cancerous phenotype and apoptosis in organotypic cultures of ovarian carcinoma. ?Nat!. Cancer Inst. (2001) 93:516–525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BOEHM MF, ZHANG L, ZHI L et al: Design and synthesis of potent retinoid X receptor selective ligands that induce apoptosis in leukemia cells. j Med. Chem. (1995) 38:3146–3155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WU Q, DAWSON MI, ZHENG Y et al: Inhibition of trans-retinoic acid-resistant human breast cancer cell growth by retinoid X receptor-selective retinoids. Mol. Cell Biol. (1997) 17:6598–6608.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MEHTA RG, WILLIAMSON E, PATEL MK, KOEFFLER HP: A ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, retinoids and prevention of preneoplastic mammary lesions. I Natl. Cancer Inst. (2000) 92:418–423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DUVIC M, HYMES K, HEALD P et aL: Bexarotene is effective and safe for treatment of refractory advanced-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: multinational Phase II-III trial results. j Clin. Oricol (2001) 19:2456–2471.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •An important clinical trial on bexarotene.
   Google Scholar
• FAUL MM, RATZ AM, SULLIVAN KA, TANKLE WG, WINNEROSKI LL: Synthesis of novel retinoid X receptor-selective retinoids. I Org. Chem. (2001) 66:5772–5782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CESARIO RIVI, KAUSING K, RAZZAGHI H, CROMBIE D, RUNGTA D, HEYMAN RA et al: The rexinoid LG100754 is a novel RXR:PPARy agonist and decreases glucose levels in vivo. Mol. Eridocrinol. (2001) 15:1360–1369.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• VULIGONDA V, THACHER SM, CHANDRARATNA RA: Enantioselective syntheses of potent retinoid X receptor ligands: differential biological activities of individual antipodes. j Med. Chem. (2001) 44:2298–2303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHA BS, CIAARALDI TE CARTER L etal.: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) y and retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists have complementary effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in human skeletal muscle. Diabetologia (2001) 44:444–452.
   Google Scholar
• AHUJA HS, LIU S, CROMBIE DL et al.: Differential effects of rexinoids and thiazolidinediones on metabolic gene expression in diabetic rodents. Mol. Pharmacol. (2001) 59:765–773.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CLAUDEL T, LEIBOWITZ MD, FIE VET C etal.: Reduction of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice by activation of the retinoid X receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sri. USA (2001) 98:2610–2615.
   Google Scholar
• MARKS PA, RICHON VM, BRESLOW R, RIFKIND RA: Histone deacetylase inhibitors as new cancer drugs. Curr. Opiri. Oricol. (2001) 13:477–483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PANDOFLI PP: Histone deacetylases and transcriptional therapy with their inhibitors. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol (2001) 48:S17–S19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BESA EC, ABRAHM JL, BARTHOLOMEW MJ, HYAINSKI M, NOWELL PC: Treatment with 13-as-retinoic acid in transfusion-dependent patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and decreased toxicity with addition of a-tocopherol. Am. j Med. (1990) 89:739–747.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SHIN DM, KHURI FR, MURPHY B etal.: Combined interferon-a, 13-as-retinoic acid and a-tocopherol in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: novel bioadjuvant Phase II trial. OM. Oiled (2001) 19:3010–3017.
   Google Scholar
• MAKISHIMA M, HONMA Y: Tretinoin tocoferil as a possible differentiation-inducing agent against myelomonocytic leukemia. Leuk. Lymphoma (1997) 26:43–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MAKISHIMA M, UMESONO K, SHUDO K, NAOE T, KISHI K, HONMA Y: Induction of differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by 9-cis retinoic acid a-tocopherol ester (9-cis tretinoin tocoferil). Blood (1998) 91:4715–4726.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TURTON JA, WILLARS GB, HASELDEN JN, WARD SJ, STEELE CE, HICKS RM: Comparative teratogenicity of nine retinoids in the rat. Int. I Exp. Foam]. (1992) 73:551–563.
   Google Scholar
• TORRISI R, DECENSI A: Fenretinide and cancer prevention. Cum: Oricol. Rep. (2000) 2:263–270.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ZOGAKIS TG, LIBUTTI SK: General aspects of anti-angiogenesis and cancer therapy. Expert Opiri. Biol. Ther. (2001) 1(2):253–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHERRINGTON JM, STRAWN LM, SHAWVER LK: New paradigms for the treatment of cancer: the role of anti-angiogenesis agents. Adv. Cancer Res. (2000) 79:1–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GERRITSEN ME: Angiogenesis and chronic disease. Trends Mol. Med. (2001) 7:333–334.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KUWANO M, FUKUSHI J, OKMOTO M et al.: Angiogenesis factors. Intern. Med. (2001) 40:565–572.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MACHEIN MR, PLATE KH: VEGF in brain tumors. j Neurooricol (2000) 50:109–120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SALANI D, DI CASTRO V, NICOTRA MR et al.: Role of endothelin-1 in neovascularization of ovarian carcinoma. Am. J. Pathol. (2000) 157:1537–1547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRENNAN PA, ZAKI GA: Angiogenesis in cancer: the role of endothelin-1. Ann. R. Surg. Engl. (2000) 82:363–364.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FAGAN KA, McMURTRY IF, RODMAN DM: Role of endothelin-1 in lung disease. Respir. Res. (2001) 2:90–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• POREDOS P: Endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. OM. Appl. Thromb. Hemost. (2001) 7:276–280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROGERS DF: Mucus pathophysiology in COPD: differences to asthma and pharmacotherapy. Morialdi Arch. Chest Dis. (2000) 55:324–332.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MASSARO D, MASSARO GD: Pulmonary alveolus formation: critical period, retinoid regulation and plasticity. Novartis Found. Symp. (2001) 234:229–236.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MEYERS BF, PATTERSON GA: Lung transplantation versus lung volume reduction as surgical therapy for emphysema. World J. Surg. (2001) 25:238–243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MASSARO D, MASSARO GD: Retinoic acid treatment abrogates elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in rats. Nat. Med. (1997) 3:675–677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MASSARO D, MASSARO GD: Retinoic acid treatment partially rescues failed septation in rats and in mice. Am. J. Physiol Lung Cell Mol. Physiol (2000) 278:L955–L960.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GIEMBYCZ M: Retinoids offer hope for the treatment of emphysema. Trends Pharmacol Sci. (2000) 21:292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCAWLEY LJ, MATRISIAN LM: Matrix metalloproteinases: they're not just for matrix anymore! Cum: Opin. Cell Biol. (2001) 13:534–540.
   Google Scholar
• DUFFY MJ, MAGUIRE TM, HILL A, McDERMOTT E, O'HIGGINS N: Metalloproteinases: role in breast carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Breast Cancer Res. (2000) 2:252–257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GUERIN E, LUDWIG MG, BASSET P, ANGLARD P: Stromelysin-3 induction and interstitial collagenase repression by retinoic acid. Therapeutical implication of receptor-selective retinoids dissociating transactivation and AP-1-mediated transrepression. J. Biol. Chem. (1997) 272:11088–11095.
   Google Scholar
• LOTAN R: Retinoids in chemoprevention.FASEB J. (1996) 10:1031–1039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LIPPMAN SM, LOTAN R: Advances in the development of retinoids as chemopreventive agents. J. Num. (2000) 130:479S–482S.
   Google Scholar
• FENAUX P, CHOMIENNE C, DEGOS L: All- trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Semin. Hematol (2001) 38:13–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• COHEN MH, HIRSCHFELD S, HONIG SF et al.: Drug approval summaries: arsenic trioxide, tamoxifen citrate, anastrazole, paclitaxel, bexarotene. Oncologist (2001) 6:4–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SUN SY, YUE P, DAWSON MI et al: Differential effects of synthetic nuclear retinoid receptor-selective retinoids on the growth of human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. (1997) 57:4931–4939.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• •Identification of CD437 as an active receptor-selective retinoid against lung cancer cell growth.
   Google Scholar
• SUN SY, YUE P, MAO L et al: Identification of receptor-selective retinoids that are potent inhibitors of the growth of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Clin. Cancer Res. (2000) 6:1563–1573.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SUN SY, YUE P, SHROOT B, HONG WK, LOTAN R: Induction of apoptosis in human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells by the novel synthetic retinoid CD437. Cell. Physiol. (1997) 173:279–284.
   Google Scholar
• SCHADENDORF D, KERN MA, ARTUC M et al.: Treatment of melanoma cells with the synthetic retinoid CD437 induces apoptosis via activation of AP-1 in vitro and causes growth inhibition in xenografts in vivo. J. Cell. Biol. (1996) 135:1889–1898.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •The first in vivo study on the anticancer activity of CD437.
   Google Scholar
• LANGDON SP, RABIASZ GJ, RITCHIE AA et al.: Growth-inhibitory effects of the synthetic retinoid CD437 against ovarian carcinoma models in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol (1998) 42:429–432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LU XP, FANJUL A, PICCARD N et al: Novel retinoid-related molecules as apoptosis inducers and effective inhibitors of human lung cancer cells in vivo. Nat. Med. (1997) 3:686–690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ORTIZ MA, LOPEZ-HERNANDEZ FJ, BAYON Y, PFAHL M, PIEDRAFITA FJ: Retinoid-related molecules induce cytochrome c release and apoptosis through activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinasei p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. Cancer Res. (2001) 61:8504–8512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DAWSON MI, HOBBS PD, PETERSON VJ etal.: Apoptosis induction in cancer cells by a novel analogue of 643-(1-adamanty1)-4-hydroxypheny11-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid lacking retinoid receptor transcriptional activation activity. Cancer Res. (2001) 61:4723–4730.
   Google Scholar
• •Identification of novel CD437 derivatives lacking RAR binding activity.
   Google Scholar
• SUN SY, YUE P, LOTAN R: Implication of multiple mechanisms in apoptosis induced by the synthetic retinoid CD437 in human prostate carcinoma cells. Oncogene (2000) 19:4513–4522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MARCHETTI P, ZANIZANI N, JOSEPH B et al: The novel retinoid 6- [3-(1-adamanty1)-4-hydroxypheny11-2-naphtalene carboxylic acid can trigger apoptosis through a mitochondrial pathway independent of the nucleus. Cancer Res. (1999) 59:6257–6266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZHAO X, DEMARY K, WONG L etal.: Retinoic acid receptor-independent mechanism of apoptosis of melanoma cells by the retinoid CD437 (AHPN). Cell Death DIME (2001) 8:878–886.
   Google Scholar