Bibliography
- HAHN AW, RESINK TJ, SCOTT-BURDEN T: Stimulation of endothelin mRNA and secretion in rat vascular smooth muscle cells: a novel autocrine function. Cell. Regul (1990) 1:49–659.
- GLASSBERG MK, ERGUL A, WANNER A, PUETT D: Endothelin-1 promotes mitogenesis in airway smooth muscle cells. Am. Resp. Cell. Ma Biol. (1994) 10:316–321.
- SESSA WC, KAW S, HECKER M: The biosynthesis of endothelin-1 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1991) 174:613–618.
- EHRENREICH H, ANDERSON RW, FOX CH et al.: Endothelins, peptides with potent vasoactive properties, are produced by human macrophages.' Exp. Med. (1990) 172(6):1741–1748.
- ITO H, HIRATA Y, ADACHI S: Endothelin-1 is an autocrine/paracrine factor in the mechanism of angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy in cultured rat cardiomyocytes. Clin. Invest. (1993) 92:398–403.
- THOMAS PB, LIU ECK, WEBB ML et al.: Evidence of the endothelin-1 autocrine loop in cardiac myocytes: relation to contractile function with congestive heart failure. Am. Physiol (1996) 40:H2629–H2673.
- FUKUNAGA M, FUJI WARA Y, OCHI S: Stimulatory effect of thrombin on endothelin-1 production in isolated glomeruli and cultured mesangial cells of rats. J. Cardiovasc Pharmacol (1991) 17:S411–S413.
- YANAGISAWA M, KURIHARA H, KIMURA S et al.: A novel potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells. Nature (1988) 332:411–415.
- •The discovery of ET-1.
- XU D, EMOTO N, GIAID A et al: A membrane-bound metalloproteinase that catalyzes the proteolytic activation of big endothelin-1. Cell (1994) 78:473–485.
- •The cloning of ECE-1.
- RUBANYI GM, POLOKOFF MA: Endothelins: molecular biology, biochemistry, pharmacology, physiology and pathophysiology. Pharmacol Rev (1994) 46(3):325–415.
- POLLOCK DM, OPGENORTH TJ: Evidence for endothelin-induced renal vasocontriction independent of endothelinA receptor activation. Am. J. Physiol (1993). 264:R222–226.
- YANG Z, RICHARD V, VON SEGESSER L et al.: Threshold concentrations of endothelin-1 potentiates contractions to noradrenaline and serotonin in human arteries. Circulation (1990) 82:182–195.
- •Novel mechanisms of contraction.
- HAYNES W, FERRO C, O'KANE K et al.: Systemic endothelin receptor blockade decreases peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure in humans. Circulation (1996) 93:1860–1870.
- HAYNES WG, WEBB DJ: Endothelin as a regulator of cardiovascular function in health and disease. Hypertens. (1998) 16:1081–1098.
- KOHAN DE: Endothelins in the normal and diseased kidney. Am. I Kidney Dis. (1997) 29:2–26.
- AGUI T, XIN X, CAI Y: Stimulation of interleukin-6 production by endothelin in rat bone marrow-derived stromal cells. Blood (1994) 84:2531–2538.
- HOFMAN FM, CHEN P, JEYASEELAN R: Endothelin-1 induces production of the neutrophil chemotactic factor interleukin-8 by human brain-derived endothelial cells. Blood (1998) 92:3064–3072.
- MATSUURA A, YAMOCHIW,30.HIRATA K et al.: Stimulatory interaction between vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelin-1 on each gene expression. Hypertension (1998) 32:89–95.
- PEIFLEY, KA, WINKLES JA: Angiotensin II and endothelin-1 increase31.fibroblast growth factor-2 mRNA expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1998) 242:202–208.
- MANSOOR AM, HONDA M, SAIDA K et al: Endothelin-induced collagen32.remodeling in experimental pulmonary hypertension. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1995) 215:981–986.
- LOPEZ-FARRE A, RIESCO A, ALVAREZ V et al.: Endothelin stimulates human polymorphonuclear leukocytes33.(PMN) adhesion to endothelial cells: regulation by cGMP. Vase. Res. (1992) 29:92-93. Abstract.
- KNOFLER R, URANO T, MALYSZKO J: In vitro effect of endothelin-1 on collagen and ADP-induced aggregation in human whole blood and platelet rich plasma.34.Thromb. Res. (1995) 77:69–78.
- WEBB ML, MEEK TD: Inhibitors of endothelin. Med. Res. Rev (1997) 17:17–67
- FUKURODA T, FUJIKAWA T, OZAKI S et al.: Clearance of circulating endothelin-1 by ETB receptors in rats. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1994) 199:1461–1465.
- DUPUIS J, GORESKY C, ROSE C et al.: Endothelin-1 myocardial clearance, production and effect on capillary permeability in vivo. Jim. .1 Physiol (1997) 273:H1239–H1245.
- WU C: Recent discovery and development of endothelin antagonists. Expert Opin. Titer. Patents (2000) 10:1653–1668.
- CLOZEL M, BREU V, BURRI K et al: Pathophysiological role of endothelin revealed by the first orally-active endothelin receptor antagonist. Nature (1993) 365:59–761.
- •• Bosentan.
- CLOZEL M, BREU V, GREY GA et al: Pharmacological characterization of bosentan, a new potent orally-active nonpeptide endothelin receptor antagonist. Pharmacol Exp. Ther. (1994) 270(1):228–235.
- •• Bosentan.
- WU C, CHAN ME STAVROS F et al: Discovery of TBC11251, a potent, long acting, orally-active endothelin receptor-A selective antagonist. Med. Chem. (1997) 40(11):1690–1697.
- •ETA antagonist.
- TILTON RG, MUNSCH CL, SHERWOOD SJ et al.: Attenuation of pulmonary vascular hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy with sitaxsentan sodium, an orally-active ET(A) receptor antagonist. Palm. Pharmacol Ther. (2000) 13(2):87–97.
- GIVERTZ MM, COLUCCI WS, LEJEMTEL TH et al: Acute endothelinA40. receptor blockade causes selective pulmonary vasodilation in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation (2000) 101(25):2922–2927.
- WINN M, VON GELDERN TW, OPGENORTH TJ et al: 4-Diarylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acids- potent ETA selective endothelin receptor41. antagonists. 1. Discovery of A-127722. Med. Chem. (1996) 39(5):1039–1048.
- LIU G, HENRY KJ JR, SZCZEPANKIEWICZ BG et al.: Pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acids as endothelin42.antagonists. 3. Discovery of a potent, 2- nonaryl, highly selective ETA antagonist (A-216546). Med. Chem. (1998) 41(17):3261–3275.
- NORMAN P: Atrasentan Abbott. Curt: Opin. Investig. Drugs (2002)43. 3(8):1240–1248.
- ISHIZUKA N, MATSUMURA K, SAKAI K et al.: Structure-activity relationships of a novel class of endothelinA receptor antagonists and discovery of potent and selective receptor antagonist, 2-(benzo [1, 3]dioxol 5 yl) 6 isopropyloxy- 4-(4-methoxypheny1)-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid (..C1255). Study on structure-activity relationships and basic structure crucial for ET(A) antagonism. Med. Chem. (2002) 45(10):2041–2055.
- ISHIZUKA N, MATSUMURA K, KIKUCHI J, NAKAI H: A novel class of endothelinA receptor antagonists, R-2-(benzo [1, 3]dioxol 5 yl) 6 isopropyloxy- 2H-chrom ene- 3 -carboxylic acid (..C1255). Conformational analysis of basic structure, crucial for ET(A) antagonism, in solution and solid-states. Bioorg. Med. Chem. (2002) 10(12):3965–3972.
- BREU V, CLOZEL M, BURRI K et al: hi vitro characterisation of Ro 46-8443, the first non-peptide antagonist selective for the endothelin ETB receptor. FEBS Lett. (1996) 383(1-2):37–41.
- VON GELDERN TW, TASKER AS, SORENSEN BK et al.: Pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acids as endothelin antagonists. 4. Side chain conformational restriction leads to ET(B) selectivity. Med. Chem. (1999) 42(18):3668–3678.
- LIU G, KOZMINA NS, WINN M et al.: Design, synthesis and activity of a series of pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid-based, highly specific, orally-active ET(p) antagonists containing a diphenylmethylamine acetamide side chain. Med. Chem. (1999) 42(18):3679–3689.
- KRUM H, VISKOPER RJ, LACOURCIERE Y et al: The effect of an endothelin-receptor antagonist, Bosentan, on blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. N Engl. I Med. (1998) 338:784–790.
- ••ET antagonism in hypertension.
- NAKOV R, PFARR E, EBERLE S: Darusentan: an effective endothelinA receptor antagonist for treatment of hypertension. Am. J. Hypertension (2002) 15(7 Pt 1):583–589.
- ERGUL S, PARISH CD, PUETT D, ERGUL A: Racial differences in plasma endothelin-1 concentrations in individuals with essential hypertension. Hypertension (1996) 28:652–655.
- ••First report on racial differences and ET-1.
- ERGUL A, TACKETT RL, PUETT D: Distribution of endothelin receptors in saphenous veins of African Americans: implications of racial differences. Cardio vase. Pharmacol (1999) 34:327–332.
- ••First report on racial differences and ET receptors.
- GRUBBS AL, ANSTADT MP, ERGUL A: Saphenous vein endothelin system expression and activity in African American patients. Arterioseler. Thromb. Vase. Biol. (2002) 22(7):1122–1127.
- WET CM, LERMAN A, RODEHEFFER RJ et al.: Endothelin in human congestive heart failure. Circulation (1994) 89:1580–1586.
- MCMURRAY JJ, RAY SG, ABDULLAH I et al.: Plasma endothelin in chronic heart failure. Circulation (1992) 85(4):1374–1379.
- •Endothelin in heart failure.
- SPIEKER LE, NOLL G, RUSCHITZKA FT, LUSCHER TF: Endothelin receptor antagonists in congestive heart failure: a new therapeutic principle for the future?' Am. Coll Cardiol (2001) 37:1493–1505.
- PACHER R, STANEK B, HULSMANN M: Prognostic impact of big endothelin-1 plasma concentrations compared with invasive hemodynamic evaluation in severe heart failure. Am. Cardiol (1996) 27:633–641.
- ••Prognostic value of ET-1.
- PACKER M, CASPI A, CHARLON V et al.: Multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of long-term endothelin blockade with bosentan in clinical heart failure-Results of REACH-1 trial. Circulation (1998) 98:1-3(Abst. 12).
- ••First clinical report on ET-1 in heart failure.
- TORRE-AMIONE G, YONG JB, DURAND J et al.: Hemodynamic effects of tezosentan, an introvenous dual endothelin receptor antagonist, in patients with class III and IV congestive heart failure. Circulation (2001) 103:973–980.
- SPIEKER LE, MITROVIC V, NOLL G et al.: Acute hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of selective ET() receptor blockade in patients with congestive heart failure. ET 003 Investigators. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol (2000) 35:1745–1752.
- ••Selective ETA blockade in heart failure.
- BERGER R, STANEK B, JULSMANN M et al.: Effects of endothelin a receptor blockade on endothelial function in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation (2001) 103:981–986.
- STEWART DJ, KUBAC G, COSTELLO KB, CERNACEK P: Increased plasma endothelin-1 in pulmonary hypertension: marker or mediator of disease? Ann. Int. Med. (1991) 114:464–469.
- GIAID A, YANAGISAWA M, LANGLEBEN D et al: Expression of endothelin-1 in the lungs of patients with pulmonary hypertension. N Engl. I Med. (1993) 328:1732–1739.
- YOSHIBAYASHI M, NISHIOKA K, NAKAO K et al.: Plasma endothelin concentrations in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart defects; evidence for increased production of endothelin in pulmonary circulation. Circulation (1991) 84:2280–2285.
- CHEN SJ, CHEN FY, MENG C et al: The endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan prevents short-term hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension in the rats. Circulation (1994) 90:1–152.
- MIYAUCHI T, YORIKANE R, SAKAI S et al.: Contribution of endogenous endothelin-1 to the progression of cardiopulmonary alterations in rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Circ. Res. (1993) 73:887–897.
- SPINALE FG, WALKER JD, MUKHERJEE R et al: Concomitant endothelin receptor subtype-A blockade during progression of pacing-induced congestive heart failure in rabbits. Circulation (1997) 95:918–1929.
- DUPUIS J, ROULEAU J-L, CERNACEK P: Reduced pulmonary clearance of endothelin-1 contributes to the increase of circulating levels in heart failure secondary to myocardial infarction. Circulation (1998) 98: 1684-1687.