114
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Selective androgen receptor modulators

, &
Pages 59-66 | Published online: 02 Mar 2005

Bibliography

  • EVANS RIVI: The steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. Science (1998) 240:889–895.
  • BROWN CJ, GOSS SJ, LUBAHN DB et al: Androgen receptor locus on the human X chromosome: regional localization to Xcil 1-12 and description of a DNA polymorphism. Am. Hum. Genet. (1989) 44:264–269.
  • TSAI MJ, O'MALLEY BW: Molecular mechanisms of action of steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily members. Ann. Rev Biochem. (1994) 63:451–486.
  • JENSTER G, VAN DER KORPUT HA, VAN VROONHOVEN C, VAN DER KWAST TH, TRAPMAN J, BRINKMANN AO: Domains of the human androgen receptor involved in steroid binding, transcriptional activation, and subcellular localization. Ma Endocrinol (1991) 5:1396–1404.
  • BE VAN CL, HOARE S, CLAESSENS F, HEERY DM, PARKER MG: The AF1 and AF2 domains of the androgen receptor interact with distinct regions of SRC1. Cell. Biol. (1999) 19:8383–8392.
  • •Describes the sequence-specific interaction between the androgen receptor and SRC-1.
  • TYAGI RK, LAVROVSKY Y, AHN SC, SONG CS, CHATTERJEE B, ROY AK: Dynamics of intracellular movement and nucleocytoplasmic recycling of the ligand-activated androgen receptor in living cells. MoLEndocrinol. (2000) 14:1162–1174.
  • •Presents evidence for multiple rounds of androgen signalling by a single receptor protein.
  • DEFRANCO DB: Navigating steroid hormone receptors through the nuclear compartment. MM. Endocrinol (2002) 16:1449–1455.
  • GLASS CK, ROSENFELD MG: The coregulator exchange in transcriptional functions of nuclear receptors. Genes Dev. (2000) 14:121–141.
  • ROBYR D, WOLFFE AP, WAHLI W: Nuclear hormone receptor coregulators in action: diversity for shared tasks. Ma Endocrinol (2000) 14:329–347.
  • SHANG Y, MYERS M, BROWN M: Formation of the androgen receptor transcription complex. Ma Cell (2002) 9:601–610.
  • BRZOZOWSKI AM, PIKE AC, DAUTER Z et al.: Molecular basis of agonism and antagonism in the oestrogen receptor. Nature (1997) 389:753–758.
  • WILLIAMS SP, SIGLER PB: Atomic structure of progesterone complexed with its receptor. Nature (1998) 393:392–396.
  • KLAHOLZ BP, RENAUD JP, MITSCHLER A: Conformational adaptation of agonists to the human nuclear receptor RAR y. Nat. Struct. Biol. (1998) 5:199–202.
  • MATIAS PM, DONNER P, COELHO R et al: Structural evidence for ligand specificity in the binding domain of the human androgen receptor. Implications for pathogenic gene mutations. I Biol. Chem. (2000) 275:26164–26171.
  • •First X-ray crystallographic analysis of the androgen receptor-ligand interaction.
  • MCKENNA NJ, LANZ RB, O'MALLEY BW: Nuclear receptor coregulators: cellular and molecular biology. Endocr. Rev (1999) 20:321–344.
  • GLASS CK, ROSENFELD MG: The coregulator exchange in transcriptional functions of nuclear receptors. Genes Dev. (2000) 14:121–141.
  • FREEDMAN LP: Increasing the complexity of coactivation in nuclear receptor signaling. Cell (1999) 97:5–8.
  • HU X, LAZAR MA: The CoRNR motif controls the recruitment of corepressors by nuclear hormone receptors. Nature (1999) 402:93–96.
  • XU EH, STANLEY TB, MONTANA VG et al.: Structural basis for antagonist-mediated recruitment of nuclear co-repressors by PPARa. Nature (2002) 415:813–817.
  • IKONEN T, PALVIMO JJ, JANNE OA: Interaction between the amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions of the rat androgen receptor modulates transcriptional activity and is influenced by nuclear receptor coactivators. Biol. Chem. (1997) 272:29821–29828.
  • ROY AK, LAVROVSKY Y, SONG CS: Regulation of androgen action. Vitam. Horm. (1999) 55:309–352.
  • GRINO PB, GRIFFIN JE, WILSON JD: Testosterone at high concentrations interacts with the human androgen receptor similarly to dihydrotestosterone. Endocrinology(1990) 126:1165–1172.
  • ZHOU ZX, LANE MV, KEMPPAINEN JA, FRENCH FS, WILSON EM: Specificity of ligand-dependent androgen receptor stabilization: receptor domain interactions influence ligand dissociation and receptor stability. MM. Endocrinol (1995) 9:208–218.
  • •Describes the molecular basis for the differential effects of DHT and testosterone on androgen receptor function.
  • WILSON JD, GLOYNA RE: The intranuclear metabolism of testosterone in the accessory organs of reproduction. Recent Frog. Horm. Res. (1970) 26:309–336.
  • TOTH M, ZAKAR T: Relative binding affinities of testosterone, 19-nortestosterone and their 5 a-reduced derivatives to the androgen receptor and to other androgen-binding proteins: a suggested role of 5 a-reductive steroid metabolism in the dissociation of `myotropic' and 'androgenic' activities of 19-nortestosterone. Steroid Biochem. (1982) 17:653–660.
  • ••Describes the molecular basis of themyotropic actions of 19-nortestosterone.
  • ROY AK: Regulation of steroid hormone action in target cells by specific hormone-inactivating enzymes. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. (1992) 199:265–272.
  • ••Describes the role of a diverse group ofsteroid metabolising enzymes on steroid hormone action.
  • SASANO H, UZUKI M, SAWAI T: Aromatase in human bone tissue. I Bone Miner. Res. (1997) 12:1416–1423.
  • JONES ME, THORBURN AW, BRITT KL et al.: Aromatase-deficient (ArK0) mice have a phenotype of increased adiposity. Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. USA (2000) 97:12735–12740.
  • SONG CS, ECHCHGADDA I, BAEK BS et al.: Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase gene induction by bile acid activated farnesoid X receptor. J. Biol. Chem. (2001) 276:42549–42556.
  • SONODA J, XIE W, ROSENFELD JM, BARWICK JL, GUZELIAN PS, EVANS RM: Regulation of a xenobiotic sulfonation cascade by nuclear pregnane X receptor (PXR). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2002) 99:13801–13806.
  • VERIVIEULEN A: Androgen replacement therapy in the aging male-a critical evaluation. j Clin. Endocrinol (2001) 86:2380–2390.
  • ••A critical review of the androgenreplacement therapy in ageing men.
  • FLYNN V, HELLSTROM WJ: Androgen deficiency in the aging male: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment alternatives. Can: Urolo. Rep. (2001) 2:473–479.
  • CAMPBELL S, WHITEHEAD M: Oestrogen therapy and the menopausal syndrome. Clin. Obstet. Gynecol (1977) 4:31–47.
  • ARNAL JF, BAYARD F: Vasculoprotectiveeffects of oestrogens. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol Physiol (2001) 103:2–4.
  • CARROLL DG, NOBLE SL: Hormone replacement therapy: current concerns and considerations. Am. J. Man. Care. (2002) 8:663–675.
  • BAGATELL CJ, BREMMER WJ: Androgens in man-uses and abuses. N Engl. J. Med. (1996) 334:707–714.
  • WILSON JD: Androgen abuse by athletes. Endocr. Rev (1988) 9:181–199.
  • •Describes various forms of androgens used by athletes and their potential side effects.
  • BHASIN S, BREMNER W: Emerging issues in androgen replacement therapy. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1997) 82:3–8.
  • ••Describes the future potential for androgenreplacement therapy.
  • HIORT O: Androgens and puberty. Best Frac. Res. Clin. Endocr. Met. (2002) 16:31–41.
  • TRAGGIAI C, STANHOPE R: Delayed puberty. Best Frac. Res. Clin. Endocr. Met. (2002) 16:139–151.
  • SNYDER PJ, LAWRENCE DA: Treatment of male hypogonadism with testosterone enanthate. j Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1980) 51:1335–1339.
  • WANG C, SWERDLOFF RS: Male Contraception. Best Frac. Res. Clin. Obst. Gyn. (2002) 16:193–203.
  • REID P, KANTOFF P, OH W: Antiandrogens in prostate cancer. Investig. New Drugs (1999) 17:271–284.
  • TRUMP DL, WALDSTREICHER JA, KOLVENBAG G, WISSEL PS, NEUBAUER BL: Androgen antagonists: potential role in prostate cancer prevention. Urology (2001) 57:64–67.
  • •Describes the potential use of antiandrogens against prostate cancer.
  • DU PLESSIS DJ: Castration plus nilutamide vs castration plus placebo in advanced prostate cancer. Sapp] Um]. (1991) 37:20–24.
  • DECENSI AU, BOCCARDO F, GUARNERI O, POSITANO N: Monotherapy with nilutamide, a pure nonsteroidal antiandrogen in untreated patients with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate: the Italian prostatic cancer project. J. Um]. (1991) 146:377–381.
  • MCLEOD DG:Tolerability of nonsteroidal antiandrogens in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Oncologist (1997) 2:18–27.
  • •Describes the therapeutic use of antiandrogens against prostate cancer.
  • COSMAN F, LINDSAY R: Selective estrogen receptor modulators: clinical specturm. Endocr. Rev (1999) 20:418–434.
  • ENSRUD K, BLACK D, RECKER R et al.: The effect of 2 and 3 years of raloxifene on vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Bone (1998) 23:S174.
  • MOORADIAN AD, MORLEY JE, KORENMAN SG: Biological actions of androgens. Endocr. Rev (1987) 8:1–28.
  • HEINLEIN CA, CHANG C: Androgen receptor (AR) coregulators: an overview. Endocr. Rev (2002) 23:175–200.
  • •A comprehensive review of the androgen receptor coactivators.
  • SACK JS, KISH KF, WANG C et al: Crystallographic structures of the ligand-binding domains of the androgen receptor and its T877A mutant complexed with the natural agonist dihydrotestosterone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2001) 98:4904–4909.
  • THIN TH, KIM E, YEH S et al: Mutations in the helix 3 region of the androgen receptor abrogate ARA70 promotion of 17beta -estradiol-induced androgen receptor transactivation. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) 277:36499–36508.
  • BOURGUET W, GERMAIN P, GRONEMEYER H: Nuclear receptor ligand-binding domains: three-dimensional structures, molecular interactions and pharmacological implications. Trends Pharmacol Sci. (2000) 21:381–388.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.