19
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Patent developments in anabolic agents for treatment of bone diseases

&
Pages 1141-1156 | Published online: 02 Mar 2005

Bibliography

  • GOWEN M, EMERY JG, KUMAR S: Emerging therapies for osteoporosis. Emerging Drugs (2000) 5:1-43. Literature references for introduction
  • •Good review of drugs being developed for treating osteoporosis.
  • MELTON LJ III: How many women have osteoporosis now?' Bone Miner. Res. (1995) 10:175–177.
  • FOLLIN SL, HANSEN LB: Current approaches to the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Am. J. Health -Sys] Pharm. (2003) 60(9):883–901.
  • LOPEZ FJ: New approaches to the treatment of osteoporosis. Curl: Opin. Chem. Biol. (2000) 4:383–393.
  • COOPER M, STEWART P: Therapeutic patenting for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Expert Opin. Ther. Patents (2000) 10(6):847–857. Literature references for PTH/PTHRP/ calcium receptor antagonists
  • DEMPSTER DW, COSMAN F, PARISIEN M et al.: Anabolic actions of parathyroid hormone on bone. Endocr. Rev (1993) 14:690–709.
  • SEEMAN E, DELMAS PD: Reconstructing the skeleton with intermittent parathyroid hormone. Trends Endocrinol Metab. (2001) 12:281–283.
  • NEER RIVI, ARNAUD CD, ZANCHETTA JR et al.: Effect of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on fractures and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. N Engl. I Med. (2001) 344:1434–1441.
  • VAHLE JL, SATO M, LONG GG et al: Skeletal changes in rats given daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-34) for 2 years and relevance to human safety. Toxicol Pathol (2002) 30:312–321.
  • VAHLE JL, LONG GG, MA YL, SATO M: Dose and treatment duration are key factors in the development of bone neoplasms in F344 rats given teriparatide [rhPTH(1-34)]. J. Bone Miner. Res. (2003) 18:387.
  • PATTON JS: Pulmonary delivery of drugs for bone disorders. Adv. Drug Deify. Rev (2000) 42:239–248.
  • LEONE-BAY A, SATO M, PATON D et al:Oral delivery of biologically active parathyroid hormone. Pharm. Res. (2001) 18:964–970.
  • BURR DB, HIRANO T, TURNER CH et al.: Intermittently administered human parathyroid hormone (1–34) treatment increases intracortical bone turnover and porosity without reducing bone strength in the humerus of ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys.j Bone Miner. Res. (2001) 16:157–165.
  • STOCH SA, CHOREV M, ROSENBLATT M: New approaches to osteoporosis therapeutics. In: Osteoporosis, (2nd edn). Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J (eds), Academic Press, San Diego, USA (2001):769–818.
  • •Good review of new targets for treatment of osteoporosis.
  • BROWN EM, GAMBA G, RICCARDI D et al: Cloning and characterization of an extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor from bovine parathyroid. Nature (1993) 366:575–580.
  • GOWEN M, STROUP GB, DODDS RA et al.: Antagonizing the parathyroid calcium receptor stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion and bone formation in osteopenic rats. I Clin. Invest. (2000) 105:1595–1604.
  • DOBNIG H, TURNER RT: The effects of programmed administration of human parathyroid hormone fragment (1-34) on bone histomorphometry and serum chemistry in rats. Endocrinology (1997) 138:4607–4612.
  • ••Key paper concerning effect of intermittentor continuous PTH on osteoblasts. Literature references for growth hormone
  • KASSEM M, BLUM W, RISTELLI J et al: Growth hormone stimulates proliferation and differentiation of normal human osteoblast-like cells in vitro. Cakil: Tiss. Int. (1993) 52:222–226.
  • HALLORAN B, BIKLE D, HARRIS J et al.: Skeletal unloading induces selective resistance to the anabolic actions of growth hormone on bone. J. Bone Miner. Res. (1995) 10:1168–1176.
  • MAURAS N, GEORGE D, EVANS J et al:Growth hormone has anabolic effects in glucocorticosteroid-dependant children with inflammatory bowel disease: a pilot study. Metabolism (2002) 51(1):127–135.
  • LANDIN-WILHELMSEN K, NILSSON A, BOSAEUS I et al: Growth hormone increases bone mineral content in postmenopausal osteoporosis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. J. Bone Miner. Res. (2003) 18(3):393–405. Literature reference for growth hormone secretagogues
  • CARPINO P, LEFKER B, TOLER S et al: Pyrazolinone-piperidine dipeptide growth hormone secretagogues (GHSs): discovery of capromorelin. Bioorganic Med. Chem. (2003) 11:581–590.
  • ••New GHS analogue reported formusculoskeletal frailty. Literature references for growth factors
  • MERRIMAN HL, LA TD, LINKHART T et al.: Insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor-II induce c-fos in mouse osteoblastic cells. Calcil: Tissue Int. (1990) 46:258–262.
  • MOHAN S, LINKHART T, ROSENFELD R, BAYLINK D: Characterization of the receptor for insulin-like growth Factor II in bone cells. J. Cell Physic] (1989) 140:169–176.
  • SCHMID C, STEINER T, FROESCH ER: Insulin-like growth Factor I supports differentiation of cultured osteoblast-like cells. FEBS Lett (1984) 173:48–52.
  • CHENU C, VALENTIN-OPRAN A, CHAVASSIEUX P et al.: Insulin like growth Factor I hormonal regulation by growth hormone and by 1,25(OH)2D3 and activity on human osteoblast-like cells in short-term cultures. Bone (1990) 11:81–86.
  • SPENCER EM, LIU CC, SI EC, HOWARD GA: LI vivo actions of insulin-likegrowth factor-I (IGF-I) on bone formation and resorption in rats. Bone (1991) 12:21–26.
  • AMMANN P, RIZZOLI R, MULLER K, SLOSMAN D, BONJOUR JP: IGF-I and pamidronate increase bone mineral density in ovariectomized adult rats. Am. J. Physiol (1993) 265:E770–E776.
  • MUELLER K, CORTESI R, MODROWSKI D, MARIE PJ: Stimulation of trabecular bone formation by insulin-like growth factor I in adult ovariectomized rats. Am. J. Physiol (1994) 267:E1–E6.
  • MOHAN S, BAYLINK DJ: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins in serum - do they have additional roles besides modulating the endocrine IGF actions?' Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1996) 81:3817–3820.
  • BAGI CM, BROMMAGE R, DELEON L42. et al.: Benefit of systemically administered rhIGF-I and rhIGF-I/IGFBP-3 on cancellous bone in ovariectomized rats. J. Bone Miner. Res. (1994) 9:1301–1312.•
  • JOHANSSON AG, LINDH E, LJUNGHALL S: Insulin-like growth factor I43.stimulates bone turnover in osteoporosis. Lancet (1992) 339:1619.
  • BOONEN S, ROSEN C, BOUILLON R et al.: Musculoskeletal effects of the recombinant human IGF-I/IGF binding protein-3 complex in osteoporotic patients44.with proximal femoral fracture: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2002) 87:1593-1599. Literature references for vitamin D analogues
  • GARDINER E, BALDOCK P, THOMAS Get al.: Increased formation and decreased resorption of bone in mice with elevated vitamin D receptor in mature cells of the osteoblastic lineage. FASEB J. (2000) 14:1908–1916.
  • NISHII Y: Rationale for active vitamin D and analogs in the treatment of osteoporosis. J. Cell. Biology (2003) 88(2) :381–386.
  • REID IR: Pharmacological management ofosteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Drugs Aging (1999) 15(5):349–353.
  • MERIDA L, SHIGETOMI M, IHARA K et al: Effects of vitamin D analog, 22-oxa-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on bone reconstruction by vascularized bone allograft. Bone (2002) 30(2):422–427. Literature references for statins
  • MUNDY G, GARRETT R, HARRIS S et al.: Stimulation of bone formation in vitro and in rodents by statins. Science (1999) 286:1946–1949.
  • WHITFIELD JF, MORLEY P, WILLICK GE: Bone growth stimulators. New tools for treating bone loss and mending fracture. Vitoria. Harm. (2002) 65:1–80.
  • GARRETT IR, MUNDY GR: The role of statins as potential targets for bone formation. Arthritis Res. (2002) 4:237–240.
  • REID IR, HAGUE W, EMBERS ON J: Effect of pravastatin on frequency of fracture in the LIPID study: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Lancet (2001) 357:509-510. CUSHENBERRY L, DEBITTNER MR: Potential use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors for osteoporosis. Ann. Pharmacother. (2002) 36:671-678. Summary of the data on the effect of statins on bone metabolism.
  • GARRET IR, GUTIERREZ G, MUNDY GR: Statins and bone formation. Curr. Pharmaceutical Design (2001) 7:715-736. Lit Literature references for PDE inhibitors
  • LERNER U, RANSJOE M, FREDHOLM B: Comparative study of the effects of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors on bone resorption and cyclic AMP formation in vitro. Biochem. Pharmacol. (1986) 35:4177–4189.
  • MIYAMOTO K, WAKI Y, HORITA T et al.: Reduction of bone loss by denbufylline, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4. Biochem. Pharmacol (1997) 54:613–617.
  • KINOSHITA T, KOBAYASHI S, EBARA S et al.: Phophodiesterase inhibitors, pentoxifylline and rolipram, increase bone mass mainly by promoting bone formation in normal mice. Bone (2000) 27:811–817.
  • HOUGHTON A, JANKOWSKY M, WOS J et al.: Analysis of PDE4 subtype expression during BMP-2 and dexamethasone-induced osteoblastic differentiation. J. Bone Maher Res. (2002) 17\(Supp1.1):S441.
  • SHOHEI, K MIYAMOTO K: Potential of PDE4 inhibitors in the treatment of osteopenia. Drug News and Perspectives (1999) 12:529–534.
  • •Good review on phosphodiesterases. Literature references for prostaglandins
  • UEDA K, SAITO S, NAJANO H et al: Cortical hyperostosis following long-term administration of prostaglandin E-1 in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease. J. Pediatrics (1980) 97:834–836.
  • COLEMAN R, KENNEDY I, HUMPHREY P et al.: Prostanoids and their receptors. In: Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry Membranes and receptors. (Vol 3). Emmett JC (Ed), Pergamon, Oxford, UK (1990):661–690.
  • BENOIT P, de LEVAL X, PIROTTE B et al.: Latest discoveries in prostaglandin receptor modulators. Expert Opin. Ther. Patents (2002) 12(8):1225–1235.
  • •Broad review of new prostaglandin analogues and indications.
  • UENO K, HABA T, WOODBURY D et al.: The effects of prostaglandin E2 in rapidly growing rats: depressed longitudinal and radial growth and increased metaphyseal hard tissue mass. Bone (1985) 6:79–86.
  • KE Z, SHEN W, QI H et al: Prostaglandin E2 increases bone strength in intact rats and ovariectomized rats with established osteoporosis. Bone (1998) 23:249–255.
  • GILL, HAN Y, OPAS, EE et al.: Prostaglandin E2-bisphosphonate conjugates: potential agents for treatment of osteoporosis. Bioorganic Med. Chem. (1999) 7:901–919.
  • TANI K, NAGANAWA A, ISHIDA A et al: Design and synthesis of a highly selective EP2-receptor agonist. Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett. (2001) 11:2025–2028.
  • SARRAZIN P, BKAILY G, HACHE R et al: Characterization of the prostaglandin receptors in human osteoblasts in culture. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids (2001) 64(3):203–210.
  • MACH WATE M, HARADA S, LEU CT et al.: Prostaglandin receptor EP4 mediates the bone anabolic effects of PGE2. Mol Pharmacology (2001) 60:36–41
  • SUZAWA T, MIYAURA C, INADA M et al.: The role of prostaglandin E receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4) in bone resorption: an analysis using specific agonists for the respective EPs. Endocrinology (2000) 141:1554–1559.
  • MARUYAMA T, ASADA M, SHIRAISHI T et al.: Design and synthesis of a highly EP4-receptor selective agonist. Part 2: 5-Thia and 913-halo PG derivatives with improved stability. Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett. (2001) 11:2033–2035.
  • MARUYAMA T, ASADA M, SHIRAISHI T et al: Design and synthesis of a highly selective EP4-receptor agonist. Part 1: 3,7 dithia PG derivatives with high selectivity. Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett. (2001) 11:2029–2031.
  • MA YF, LI XJ, JEE WSS et al: Effects of prostaglandin E2 and F2oc on the skeleton of osteopenic, ovariectomized rats. Bone (1995) 17:549–554.
  • WANG Y, WOS JA, DIRR MJ et al: Design and synthesis of 13,14 dihydro prostaglandin Fla analogues as potent and selective ligands for the human FP receptor. J. Med. Chem. (2000) 43:945–952.
  • SOPER D, BOSCH G, DELONG M et al: Discovery of PGE-3366466, a selective prostaglandin F receptor agonist for the treatment of osteoporosis. Presented at the 222nd ACS Meeting, Chicago, USA (2001) Medi.194.
  • SOPER DL, MILBANK JB, MIELING GE et al.: Synthesis and biological evaluation of prostaglandin-F alkylphosphinic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis. J. Med. Chem. (2001) 44:4157-4169. Literature references for miscellaneous bone growth agents
  • GONG Y, SLEE RB, FUKAI N et al.: LDL receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) affects bone accrual and eye development. Cell (2001) 107:513–523.
  • •Demonstrates the effect of the lack of active receptor in humans.
  • LITTLE RD, CARULLI JP, DEL MASTRO RG et al: A mutation in the LDL receptor-related protein 5 gene results in the autosomal dominant high-bone-mass trait. Am. J. Hum. Genet. (2002) 70:11–19.
  • ••Identifies LRP5 as a gene responsible forfamilial high bone mass.
  • BOYDEN LM, MAO J, BELSKY J et al: High bone density due to a mutation in LDL-receptor-related protein 5. N Engl. J. Med. (2002) 346:1513–1521.
  • ZORN AM: Wnt signalling: antagonistic Dickkopfs. Cun: Biol. (2001) 11:R592–R595.
  • DESANTIS A, BUCHMAN A: Current and emerging therapies in osteoporosis. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. (2002) 3(7):835–843.
  • •A good review on current therapies.
  • REGINSTER JY, DEROISY R, DEUGADOS M et al.: Prevention of early postmenopausal bone loss by strontium ranelate: the randomized, 2-year, double-masked, dose-ranging, placebo-controlled PREVOS trial. Osteoporosis Int. (2002) 13:925–931.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.