Advances in adenoviral vectors for cancer gene therapy

Bibliography

• SEEMAYER TA, CAVENEE WK: Molecular mechanisms of oncogenesis. Lab. Invest. (1989) 60 (5):585–599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WEINBERG RA: How cancer arises. ScL Am. (1996) 275 (3):62–70.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BILBAO G, CURIEL DT: Gene therapy for cancer thera-peutics. Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents (1997) 6 (12) :1267–1284.
   Google Scholar
• SIKORA K: Gene therapy for cancer. Trends Biotech. (1993) 11(5):197–201.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DORUDI S, NORTHOVER JM, VILE RG: Gene transfer ther-apy in cancer. Br. J. Surg. (1993) 80(5):566–572.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FREEMAN SM, ZWIEBEL JA: Gene therapy of cancer. Can-cer Invest. (1993) 1l(6):676–688.
   Google Scholar
• VANCHIERI C: Opportunities 'opening up' for gene ther-apy. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (1993) 85 (2) :90–91.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LEMOINE NR, SIKORA K: Interventional genetics and cancer treatment. Br. Med. J. (1993) 306(6879):665–666.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GUTIERREZ AA, LEMOINE NR, SIKORA K: Gene therapy for cancer. Lancet (1992) 339(8795):715–721.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KARP JE, BRODER S: New directions in molecular medi-cine. Cancer Res. (1994) 54:653–665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HWU P, YANNELLI J, MULE J, ROSENBERG SA: Studies of the gene therapy of cancer from the laboratory of Dr Steven A Rosenberg [Meeting abstract]. Ann. Oncol (1992) 3\(Suppl. 1):198.
   Google Scholar
• ROSENBERG SA: The gene therapy of cancer. Prevent. Med. (1994) 23(5):624–626.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ROSENBERG SA, ANDERSON WF, BLAESE M et al: The de-velopment of gene therapy for the treatment of cancer. Ann. Surg. (1995) 218(4):455–463.
   Google Scholar
• WILSON JM: Adenoviruses as gene-delivery vehicles. New Engl. J. Med. (1996) 334 (18): 1185–1187 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WILSON JM, ENGELHARDT JF, GROSSMAN M et al.: Gene therapy of cystic fibrosis lung disease using El deleted adenoviruses: a Phase I trial. Hum. Gene Ther. (1994) 5 (4):501–519.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ROSENFELD MA, COLLINS FS: Gene therapy for cystic fi-brosis. Chest (1996) 109(1):241–252.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KORST RJ, MCELVANEY NG, CHU CS et al.: Gene therapy for the respiratory manifestations of cystic fibrosis. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care. Med. (1995) 151(3 Pt. 2):575–87.
   Google Scholar
• COUTELLE C: Gene therapy approaches for cystic fibro-sis. Biologicals (1995) 23(1):21–25.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WAGNER JA, CHAO AC, GARDNER P: Molecular strategies for therapy of cystic fibrosis. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxi-col. (1995) 35:257–276.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GOLDMAN MJ, YANG Y, WILSON JM: Gene therapy in a xenograft model of cystic fibrosis lung corrects chlo-ride transport more effectively than the sodium defect. Nature Genet. (1995) 9:126–131.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ENGELHARDT JF, YANG Y, STRATFORD-PERRICAUDET LDet al.: Direct gene transfer of human CFTR into human bronchial epithelia of xenografts with El-deleted ad-enoviruses. Nature Genet. (1993) 4(1):27–34.
   Google Scholar
• ZSENGELLER ZK, WERT SE, HULL WM et al.: Persistence of replication-deficient adenovirus-mediated gene trans-fer in lungs of immune-deficient (nu/nu) mice. Hum. Gene Ther. (1995) 6(4):457–467.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ZABNER J, COUTURE LA, SMITH AE et al.: Correction of cAMP-stimulated fluid secretion in cystic fibrosis air-way epithelia: efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in vitro. Hum. Gene Ther. (1994) 5(5):585–593.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• JOHNSON LG, OLSEN JC, SARKADI B et al.: Efficiency of gene transfer for restoration of normal airway epithe-lial function in cystic fibrosis. Nature Genet. (1992) 2(1):21–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KNOWLES MR, HOHNEKER KW, ZHOU Z et al.: A con-trolled study of adenoviral-vector-mediated gene trans-fer in the nasal epithelium of patients with cystic fibrosis. New Engl. J. Med. (1995) 333(13):823–831.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LOZIER JN, BRINKHOUS KM: Gene therapy and the he-mophilias. JAMA (1994) 271 (1):47–51.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KURACHI K, YAO SN: Gene therapy of hemophilia B. Thromb. Haemost. (1993) 70 (0 :193–197.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KOZARSKY K, GROSSMAN M, WILSON JM: Adenovirus-mediated correction of the genetic defect in hepato-cytes from patients with familial hypercholestero-lemia. SomaL Cell. Mol. Genet. (1993) 19(5)449–458.
   Google Scholar
• STRAUSS M: Liver-directed gene therapy: prospects and problems. Gene Ther. (1994) 1 (3) :156–164.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• YE X, ROBINSON MB, BATSHAW ML et al.: Prolonged metabolic correction in adult ornithine transcarbamy-lase deficient mice with adenoviral vectors. J. Biol. Chem. (1996) 271(7):3639–3646.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DOUGLAS JT, CURIEL DT: Adenoviruses as vectors for gene therapy. ScL Med. (1997) 44–53.
   Google Scholar
• KANEGAE Y, LEE G, SATO Y et al.: Efficient gene activa-tion in mammalian cells by using recombinant adeno-virus expressing site-specific Cre recombinase. Nucleic Acids Res. (1995) 23:3816–3821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DOUGLAS JT, CURIEL DT: Targeted gene therapy. Tu-mour Targeting (1995) l(2):67–84.
   Google Scholar
• WEISS RA, BOETTIGER D, MURPHY HM: Pseudotypes of avian sarcoma viruses with the envelope properties of vesicular stomatitis virus. Virology (1977) 76(2)808–825.
   Google Scholar
• DONG J, ROTH MG, HUNTER E: A chimeric avian retrovi-rus containing the influenza virus hemagglutinin gene has an expanded host range. J. Vim]. (1992) 66(12):7374–7382.
   Google Scholar
• WILSON C, REITZ MS, OKAYAMA H etal: Formation of in-fectious hybrid virions with gibbon ape leukemia virus and human T-cell leukemia virus retroviral envelope glycoproteins and the gagand po/proteins of Moloney murine leukemia virus. J. Vim]. (1989) 63(5):2374–2378.
   Google Scholar
• EMI N, FRIEDMANN T, YEE JK: Pseudotype formation of murine leukemia virus with the G-protein of vesicular stomatitis virus. J. Virol. (1991) 65(3):1202–1207.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RUSSELL SJ, HAWKINS RE, WINTER G: Retroviral vectors displaying functional antibody fragments. Nucleic Acids Res. (1993) 21(5):1081–1085.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHU TH, DORNBURG R: Retroviral vector particles dis-playing the antigen-binding site of an antibody enable cell-type-specific gene transfer. J. Virol. (1995) 69(4) :2659–2663.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CHU TH, DORNBURG R: Toward highly efficient cell- type-specific gene transfer with retroviral vectors dis-playing single-chain antibodies. J. Virol. (1997) 71(1)720–725.
   Google Scholar
• CHU TH, MARTINEZ I, SHEAY WC et al Cell targeting with retroviral vector particles containing antibody-envelope fusion proteins. Gene Ther. (1994) 1(5)292–299.
   Google Scholar
• KASAHARA N, DOZY AM, KAN YW: Tissue-specific target-ing of retroviral vectors through ligand-receptor inter-actions. Science (1994) 266(5189):1373–1376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROUX P, JEANTEUR P, PIECHACZYK M: A versatile andpotentially general approach to the targeting of spe-cific cell types by retroviruses: application to the infec-tion of human cells by means of Major Histocompatibility Complex class I and class II anti-gens by mouse ecotropic murine leukemia virus-derived viruses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1989) 86(23)9079–9083.
   Google Scholar
• ETIENNE-JULAN M, ROUX P, CARILLO S et al.: The effi-ciency of cell targeting by recombinant retroviruses de-pends on the nature of the receptor and the composition of the artificial cell-virus linker. J. Gen. Vi-rol. (1992) 73 (Pt 12):3251–3255.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• NEDA H, WU CH, WU GY: Chemical modification of anecotropic murine leukemia virus results in redirection of its target cell specificity. J. Biol. Chem. (1991) 266(22) :14143–14146.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BERGELSON JM, CUNNINGHAM JA, DROGUETT G et al.:Isolation of a common receptor for Coxsackie B viruses and adenoviruses 2 and 5. Science (1997) 275 (5304):1320–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HENRY LJ, XIA D, WILKE ME et al.: Characterization of theknob domain of the adenovirus Type 5 fiber protein ex-pressed in Escherichia coli.j Virol. (1994) 68:5239–5246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PHILIPSON L, LONBERG-HOLM K, PETTERSSON U: Virus-receptor interaction in an adenovirus system. J. Vim]. (1968) 2(101064–1075.
   Google Scholar
• SETH P, FITZGERALD M, WILLINGHAM M, PASTAN I: Path-way of adenovirus entry into cells. In: Virus Attachment and Entry Into Cells. Crowell R, Lonberg-Holm K (Eds.), ASM, Washington DC (1986):191–195.
   Google Scholar
• GREBER UF, WILLETTS M, WEBSTER P et al.: Stepwise dis-mantling of adenovirus 2 during entry into cells. Cell (1993) 75 (3):477–486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BAI M, HARFE B, FREIMUTH P: Mutations that alter anArg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence in the adenovirus Type 2 penton base protein abolish its cell-rounding activity and delay virus reproduction in flat cells. J. Virol. (1993) 67 (9):5198–5205.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WICKHAM TJ, MATHIAS P, CHERESH DA et al.: Integrinsalpha v beta 3 and alpha v beta 5 promote adenovirus internalization but not virus attachment. Cell (1993) 73 (2):309–319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WICKHAM TJ, FILARDO EJ, CHERESH DA et al: Integrin al-pha v beta 5 selectively promotes adenovirus mediated cell membrane permeabilization. J. Cell. Biol. (1994) 127(1)257–264.
   Google Scholar
• WHITE J: Integrins as virus receptors. Curr. Biol. (1993)3 (9):596–599.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SETH P, PASTAN I, WILLINGHAM MC: Adenovirus-dependent increase in cell membrane permeability. J. Biol. Chem. (1985) 260:9598–9602.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FITZGERALD DJ, PADMANABHAN R, PASTAN I et al: Adenovirus-induced release of epidermal growth fac-tor and pseudomonas toxin into the cytosol of KB cells during receptor-mediated endocytosis. Cell (1983) 32 (2) :607–617.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SETH P, FITZGERALD D, GINSBERG H et al.: Evidence that the penton base of adenovirus is involved in potentia-tion of toxicity of Pseudomonas exotoxin conjugated to epidermal growth factor. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1984) 4 (8) :1528–1533.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SETH P, WILLINGHAM MC, PASTAN I: Binding of adenovi-rus and its external proteins to Triton X-114. Depend-ence on pH. J. Biol. Chem. (1985) 260(27) :14431–14434.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SUNDQUIST B, EVERITT E, PHILIPSON L et al.: Assembly of adenoviruses. j Vim]. (1973) 11 (3) :449–459.
   Google Scholar
• BOUDIN ML, BOULANGER P: Assembly of adenovirus penton base and fiber. Virology (1982) 116(2):589–604.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KRASNYKH VN, MIKHEEVA GV, DOUGLAS JT et al.: Gen-eration of recombinant adenovirus vectors with modi-fied fibers for altering viral tropism. J. Virol. (1996) 70(10)6839–6846.
   Google Scholar
• MICHAEL SI, HONG JS, CURIEL DT et al.: Addition of a short peptide ligand to the adenovirus fiber protein. Gene Ther. (1995) 2(9):660–668.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WICKHAM TJ, CARRION ME, KOVESDI I: Targeting of ad-enovirus penton base to new receptors through re-placement of its RGD motif with other receptor-specific peptide motifs. Gene Ther. (1995) 2(10):750–756.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DOUGLAS JT, ROGERS BE, ROSENFELD ME et al.: Targeted gene delivery by tropism-modified adenoviral vector. Nature Biotech. (1996) 14(10:1574–1578.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GOLDMAN CK, ROGERS BE, DOUGLAS JT et al: Targeted gene delivery to Kaposi's sarcoma cells via the fibro-blast growth factor receptor. Cancer Res. (1997) 57 (8):1447–1451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CULVER KW, RAM Z, WALLBRIDGE S et al.: In vivo gene transfer with retroviral vector-producer cells for treat-ment of experimental brain tumors. Science (1992) 256(5063):1550–1552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TAKAMIYA Y, SHORT MP, EZZEDDINE ZD et al.: Gene therapy of malignant brain tumors: a rat glioma line bearing the herpes simplex virus Type 1-thymidine ki-nase gene and wild type retrovirus kills other tumor cells. J. NeuroscL Res. (1992) 33(3):493–503.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CULVER KW, LINK CJ, AKDEMIR N et al.: In vivo gene transfer of the herpes simplex-thymidine kinase (HS-TK) gene for the treatment of solid tumors [Meeting ab-stract]. Proc. Ann. Meet. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (1993) 12:A286.
   Google Scholar
• FREEMAN SM, ABBOUD CN, WHARTENBY KA et al.: The bystander effect: tumor regression when a fraction of the tumor mass is genetically modified. Cancer Res. (1993) 53:5274–5274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROSENFELD ME, FENG M, MICHAEL SI et al.: Adenoviral-mediated delivery of the herpes simplex virus thymid-ine kinase gene selectively sensitizes human ovarian carcinoma cells to ganciclovir. Clin. Cancer Res. (1995) 1:1571–1580.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ALVAREZ RD, CURIEL DT: A Phase I study of recombinant adenovirus vector-mediated intraperitoneal delivery of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TIQ gene and intravenous ganciclovir for previously treated ovarian and extraovarian cancer patients. Hum. Gene Ther. (1997) 8(5):597–613.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MESNIL M, PICCOLI C, TIRABY G et al.: Bystander killing of cancer cells by herpes simplex virus thymidine ki-nase gene is mediated by connexins. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1996) 93(5):1831–1835.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GAGANDEEP S, BREW R, GREEN B et al.: Prodrug-activated gene therapy: involvement of an immuno-logical component in the 'bystander effect'. Cancer Gene. Ther. (1996) 3(2):83–88.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Office of Recombinant DNA activities: URL: http://www.nih.gov/od/orda/protocol.htm
   Google Scholar
• ROSENFELD ME, WANG M, SIEGAL GP et al Adenoviral- mediated delivery of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase results in tumor reduction and prolonged sur-vival in a SCID mouse model of human ovarian carci-noma. J. Mol. Med. (1996) 74(8):455–462.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BEHBAKHT K, BENJAMIN I, CHIU HC et al.: Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy of ovarian cancer in a mouse model. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. (1996) 175(5):1260–1265.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• TONG XW, AGOULNIK I, BLANKENBURG K et al.: Human epithelial ovarian cancer xenotransplants into nude mice can be cured by adenovirus-mediated thymidine kinase gene therapy. Anticancer. Res. (1997) 17 (24811–813.
   Google Scholar
• ALVAREZ RD, CURIEL DT: A Phase I study of recombinant adenovirus vector-mediated delivery of an anti-erbB-2 single-chain (sFv) antibody gene for previously treated ovarian and extraovarian cancer patients. Hum. Gene Ther. (1997) 8(2):229–242.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LINK CJ, JR., MOORMAN D, SEREGINA T et al.: A Phase I trial of in vivo gene therapy with the herpes simplex thymidine kinase/ganciclovir system for the treatment of refractory or recurrent ovarian cancer. Hum. Gene Ther. (1996) 7(9):1161–1179.
   Google Scholar
• DION LD, GOLDSMITH KT, STRONG TV et al.: ElA RNA transcripts amplify adenovirus-mediated tumor reduc-tion. Gene Ther. (1996) 3(10:1021–1025.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MILLER R, CURIEL DT: Towards the use of replicative ad-enoviral vectors for cancer gene therapy. Gene Ther. (1996) 3(7):557–559.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BISCHOFF JR, KIRN DH, WILLIAMS A et al.: An adenovirus mutant that replicates selectively in p53-deficient hu-man tumor cells. Science (1996) 274(5286):373–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GOLDSMITH KT, CURIEL DT, ENGLER JA et al.: Trans com-plementation of an E1A-deleted adenovirus with code-livered ElA sequences to make recombinant adenoviral producer cells. Hum. Gene Ther. (1994) 5(10:1341–1348.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DION LD, GOLDSMITH KT, GARVER RI, Jr.: Quantitative and in vivo activity of adenoviral-producing cells made by cotransduction of a replication-defective adenovi-rus and a replication- enabling plasmid. Cancer Gene Ther. (1996) 3(4):230–237.
   Google Scholar
• DION LD, GOLDSMITH KT, STRONG TV et al.: ElA RNAtranscripts amplify adenovirus-mediated tumor reduc-tion. Gene Ther. (1996) 3(10:1021–1025.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RANCOURT C, CURIEL DT: Conditionally replicative ad-enoviruses for cancer therapy. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. (1997) 27(1):67–81.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WILSON JM: Gene therapy for cystic fibrosis: challenges and future directions. J. Clin. Invest. (1995) 96(6)2547–2554.
   Google Scholar
• YANG Y, ERTL HC, WILSON JM: MHC class I-restricted cy-totoxic T lymphocytes to viral antigens destroy hepato-cytes in mice infected with El-deleted recombinant adenoviruses. Immunity (1994) 1:433–442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YANG Y, HAECKER SE, SU Q et al: Immunology of gene therapy with adenoviral vectors in mouse skeletal mus-cle. Hum. Mol. Genet. (1996) 5(11):1703–1712.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• YANG Y, LI Q, ERTL HC et al Cellular and humoral im- mune responses to viral antigens create barriers to lung-directed gene therapy with recombinant adenovi-ruses. J. Virol. (1995) 69(4):2004–2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YANG Y, WILSON JM: Clearance of adenovirus-infectedhepatocytes by MHC class I- restricted CD4+ CTLs in vivo. J. Immunol. (1995) 155(5):2564–2570.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YANG Y, XIANG Z, ERTL HC, WILSON JM: Upregulation ofclass I major histocompatibility complex antigens by interferon gamma is necessary for T-cell-mediated elimination of recombinant adenovirus-infected hepa-tocytes in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1995) 92 (16):7257–7261.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DEMATTEO RP, CHU G, AHN M et al.: Immunologic barri-ers to hepatic adenoviral gene therapy for transplanta-tion. Transplantation (1997) 63(2)315–319.
   Google Scholar
• KNOWLES MR, HOHNEKER KW, ZHOU Z et al.: A con-trolled study of adenoviral-vector-mediated gene trans-fer in the nasal epithelium of patients with cystic fibrosis. New Engl. J. Med. (1995) 333(13):823–831.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VAN GF, MCGHEE JR, LIU C et al.: Adenoviral gene deliv-ery elicits distinct pulmonary-associated T helper cell responses to the vector and to its transgene. J. Immunol. (1997) 159(2):685–93.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WORGALL S, WOLFF G, FALCK-PEDERSEN E et al.: Innate immune mechanisms dominate elimination of adeno-viral vectors following in vivo administration. Hum. Gene Ther. (1997) 8(1):37–44.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WILSON JM: Gene therapy for cystic fibrosis: challenges and future directions. J. Clin. Invest. (1995) 96:2547–2554.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZEPEDA ML, WILSON JM: Neonatal cotton rats do not ex- hibit destructive immune response to adenoviral vec-tors. Gene Ther. (1997) 3(973):979
   Google Scholar
• BARR D, TUBB J, FERGUSON D et al: Strain related varia-tions in adenovirally mediated transgene expression from mouse hepatocytes in vivo: comparisons between immunocompetent and immunodeficient inbred strains. Gene Ther. (1995) 2(2):151–155.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KAPLAN JM, ST GJ, PENNINGTON SE et al.: Humoral and cellular immune responses of nonhuman primates to long-term repeated lung exposure to Ad2/CFTR-2. Gene Ther. (1996) 3(2):117–127.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SONG W, KONG HL, TRAKTMAN P et al.: Cytotoxic T lym-phocyte responses to proteins encoded by heterolo-gous transgenes transferred in vivo by adenoviral vectors. Hum. Gene Ther. (1997) 8(10):1207–1217.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• TRIPATHY SK, BLACK HB, GOLDWASSER E eta].: Immune response to transgene-encoded proteins limit the sta-bility to gene expression after injection of replication-defective adenovirus vectors. Nature Med. (1996) 2:545–555.
   Google Scholar
• ENGELHARDT JF, YE X, DORANZ B et al.: Ablation of E2A in recombinant adenoviruses improves transgene per-sistence and decreases inflammatory response in mouse liver. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1994) 91 (13):6196–6200.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FISHER KJ, CHOI H, BURDA J etal.: Recombinant adenovi-rus deleted of all viral genes for gene therapy of cystic fibrosis. Virology (1996) 217(0:11–22.
   Google Scholar
• GORZIGLIA MI, KADAN MJ, YEI S et al.: Elimination of both El and E2 from adenovirus vectors further im-proves prospects for in vivo human gene therapy. J. Vi-rol. (1996) 70:4173–4178.
   Google Scholar
• KOLLS JK, LEI D, ODOM G eta].: Use of transient CD4 lym-phocyte depletion to prolong transgene expression of El-deleted adenoviral vectors. Hum. Gene Ther. (1996) 7(4) :489–497.
   Google Scholar
• LEI D, LEHMANN M, SHELLITO JE et al.: Nondepleting anti-CD4 antibody treatment prolongs lung-directed El-Deleted adenovirus-mediated gene expression in rats. Hum. Gene Ther. (1996) 7:2273–2279.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LOCHMULLER H, PETROF BJ, ALLEN C et al: Immunosup-pression by FK506 markedly prolongs expression of adenovirus- delivered transgene in skeletal muscles of adult dystrophic (mdx) mice. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1995) 213(2):569–574.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LOCHMULLER H, PETROF BJ, PARI G et al Transient im- munosuppression by FK506 permits a sustained high-level dystrophin expression after adenovirus-mediated dystrophin minigene transfer to skeletal muscles of adult dystrophic (mdx) mice. Gene Ther. (1996) 3(8)706–716.
   Google Scholar
• JOOSS K, YANG Y, WILSON JM: Cyclophosphamide di-minishes inflammation and prolongs transgene ex-pression following delivery of adenoviral vectors to mouse liver and lung. Hum. Gene Ther. (1996) 7 (13):1555–1566.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KAPLAN JM, SMITH AE: Transient immunosuppression with deoxyspergualin improves longevity of transgene expression and ability to readminister adenoviral vec-tor to the mouse lung. Hum. Gene Ther. (1997) 8(June 10):1095–1104.
   Google Scholar
• KAY MA, MEUSE L, GOWN AM et al: Transient immuno-modulation with anti-CD40 ligand antibody and CTLA4Ig enhances persistence and secondary adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into mouse liver. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1997) 94(9):4686–4691.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GUERETTE B, VILQUIN JT, GINGRAS M et al.: Prevention of immune reactions triggered by first-generation ad-enoviral vectors by monoclonal antibodies and CTLA4Ig. Hum. Gene Ther. (1996) 7(12):1455–1463.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KAY M, HOLTERMAN A, MEUSE L et al.: Long-term hepatic adenovirus-mediated gene expression in mice follow-ing CTLA4Ig administration. Nature Med. (1995) 11:191–197.
   Google Scholar
• BRUDER JT, JIE T, MCVEY DL et al.: Expression of gpl9K increases the persistence of transgene expression from an adenovirus vector in the mouse lung and liver. J. Vi-rol. (1997) 71:7623–7628.
   Google Scholar
• QIN L, DING Y, PAHUD DR eta].: Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of viral interleukin-10 inhibits the im-mune response to both alloantigen and adenoviral an-tigen. Hum. Gene Ther. (1997) 8:1365–1374.
   Google Scholar
• DEMATTEO RP, RAPER SE, AHN M et al.: Gene transfer to the thymus. A means of abrogating the immune re-sponse to recombinant adenovirus. Ann. Surg. (1995) 222(3)229–39.
   Google Scholar
• ILAN Y, ATTAVAR P, TAKAHASHI M et al.: Induction of central tolerance by intrathymic inoculation of adeno-viral antigens into the host thymus permits long-term gene therapy in Gunn rats. J. Clin. Invest. (1996) 98:2640–2647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ILAN Y, PRAKASH R, DAVIDSON A et al.: Oral tolerization to adenoviral antigens permits long-term gene expres-sion using recombinant adenoviral vectors. J. Clin. In-vest. (1997) 99(5):1098–1106
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CARDOSO JE, BRANCHEREAU S, JEYARAJ PR et al.: In situ retrovirus-mediated gene transfer into dog liver. Hum. Gene Ther. (1993) 4(4):411–418.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KALEKO M, GARCIA JV, MILLER AD: Persistent gene ex-pression after retroviral gene transfer into liver cells in vivo. Hum. Gene Ther (1991) 2(0:27–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KAY MA, LI Q, LIU TJ et al: Hepatic gene therapy: persis-tent expression of human alpha 1 antitrypsin in mice after direct gene delivery in vivo. Hum. Gene Ther. (1992) 3 (6):641–647.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KOLODKA TM, FINEGOLD M, MOSS L et al: Gene therapy for diabetes mellitus in rats by hepatic expression of in-sulin. Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. USA (1995) 92(8):3293–3297. VILE RG, RUSSELL SJ: Retroviruses as vectors. Br. Med. Bull. (1995) 51(1):12–30. MILLER AD: Retroviral vectors. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Im-munol. (1992) 158:1-24. PENSIERO MN, WYSOCKI CA, NADER K et al.: Develop-ment of amphotropic murine retrovirus vectors resis-tant to inactivation by human serum. Hum. Gene Ther. (1996) 7(9):1095–1101.
   Google Scholar
• SHERWIN SA, BENVENISTE RE, TODARO GJ: Complement-mediated lysis of type-C virus: effect of primate and human sera on various retroviruses. In-tern. J. Cancer (1978) 21(0:6–11.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WELSH RMJ, COOPER NR, JENSEN FC eta].: Human serum lyses RNA tumour viruses. Nature (1975) 257(5527):612–614.
   Google Scholar
• TAKEUCHI Y, COSSET FL, LACHMANN PJ et al.: Type C ret-rovirus inactivation by human complement is deter-mined by both the viral genome and the producer cell. Virol. (1994) 68(12):8001–8007.
   Google Scholar
• ROTHER RP, SQUINTO SP, MASON JM et al.: Protection of retroviral vector particles in human blood through complement inhibition. Hum. Gene Ther. (1995) 6(4)429–435.
   Google Scholar
• ROTHER RP, FODOR WL, SPRINGHORN JP et al.: A novel mechanism of retrovirus inactivation in human serum mediated by anti-alpha-galactosyl natural antibody. J. Exp. Med. (1995) 182(5):1345–1355.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RUSSELL DW, BERGER MS, MILLER AD: The effects of hu-man serum and cerebrospinal fluid on retroviral vec-tors and packaging cell lines. Hum. Gene Ther. (1995) 6(5) :635–641.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SHORT MP, CHOI BC, LEE JK et al.: Gene delivery to glioma cells in rat brain by grafting of a retrovirus pack-aging cell line. J. NeuroscL Res. (1990) 27(3)427–439.
   Google Scholar
• RAM Z, CULVER KW, WALBRIDGE S et al: Toxicity studies of retroviral-mediated gene transfer for the treatment of brain tumors. J. Neurosurg. (1993) 79 (3) 400–407.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MOORMAN DW, BUTLER DA, STANLEY JD et al.: Survival and toxicity of xenogeneic murine retroviral vector producer cells in liver. J. Surg. Oncol. (1994) 57(3):152–156.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FASSATI A, WELLS DJ, WALSH FS et al: Transplantation of retroviral producer cells for in vivo gene transfer into mouse skeletal muscle. Hum. Gene Ther. (1996) 7(5)595–602.
   Google Scholar
• HURFORD RK, JR., DRANOFF G, MULLIGAN RC et al: Gene therapy of metastatic cancer by in vivo retroviral gene targeting. Nature Genet. (1995) 10 (4) 430–435.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ROLLINS SA, BIRKS CW, SETTER E et al: Retroviral vector producer cell killing in human serum is mediated by natural antibody and complement: strategies for evad-ing the humoral immune response. Hum. Gene Ther. (1996) 7(5):619–626.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BILBAO G, FENG M, RANCOURT C et al.: Adenoviral/ret-roviral vector chimeras - a novel strategy to achieve high-efficiency stable transduction in vivo. FASEB J. (1997) 11(8):624–634
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FENG M, JACKSON WHJ, GOLDMAN CK et al Stable in vivo gene transduction via a novel adenoviral/retrovi-ral chimeric vector. Nature Biotechnol. (1997) 15 (9) 866–870
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FISHER KJ, KELLEY WM, BURDA JF et al A novel adenovirus-adeno-associated virus hybrid vector that displays efficient rescue and delivery of the AAV ge-nome. Hum. Gene Ther. (1996) 7(17):2079–2087.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar