Ropivacaine

Bibliography

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• ••Shows greater sensory to motor block differential withropivaciane.
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• ••Excellent review of local anaesthetic pharmacokineticsunder various physiological conditions.
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• •Demonstrates how pharmacokinetic factors vary by route of administration.
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• •Nice review.
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• ••Provides information on CNS and cardiovascular toxicitylimits and establishes ratio of fatal doses among 3 local anaesthetics.
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• •Discusses cardiac manifestations and resuscitation after iv. local anaesthetic overdose.
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• •Refutes claims that pregnancy increases local anaesthetic toxicity.
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• •CNS symptoms following ropivacaine or bupivacaine.
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• •Echocardiographic and ECG changes following iv. ropivacaine and bupivacaine.
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• EMANUELSSON BMK, PERSSON J, ALM C, HELLER A, GUSTAFSSON LL: Systemic absorption and block after epidural injection of ropivacaine in healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology (1997) 87:1309–1317.
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• DATTA S, CAMANN W, BADER A, VANDERBURGH L: Clinical effects and maternal and fetal plasma concen-trations of epidural ropivacaine versus bupivacaine for caesarean section. Anesthesiology (1 9 9 5) 82:1346-1352.
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• •Uses colour Doppler ultrasound to measure changes in foetal blood flow after large epidural doses of ropivacaine or bupivacaine.
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• •Well written labour study.
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• MUIR HA, WRITER D, DOUGLAS J, WEEKS S, GAMGLING D, MACARTHUR A: Double-blind comparison of epidural ropivacaine 0.25% and bupivacaine 0.25%, for the relief of childbirth pain. Can. J. Anaesth. (1997) 44(6)599–604.
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• OWEN MD, D'ANGELO R, GERANCHER JC et al.: 0.125% ropivacaine is similar to 0.125% bupivacaine for labor analgesia using patient-controlled epidural infusion. Anesth. Analg. (1998) 86:527–531.
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• POLLEY LS, COLUMB MO, NAUGHTON NN, WAGNER DS, VAN DE VEN CJ: Relative analgesic potencies of ropivacaine and bupivacaine for epidural analgesia in labor: implications for therapeutic indexes. Anesthesi-ology (1999) 90(4):944–950.
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• •Estimates ED50 using sequential up-down study design.
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• CAPOGNA G, CELLENO D, FUSCO P, LYONS G, COLUMB M: Relative potencies of bupivacaine and ropivacaine for analgesia in labour. Br. J. Anaesth. (1999) 82 (3):371–373.
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• ••Well written review.
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• MEISTER G, OWEN M, D'ANGELO R, GAVER R: Compar-ison of 0.125% ropivacaine+fentanyl 2 mg/ml and 0.125% bupivacaine+fentanyl 2 mg/ml in laboring patients. Anesthesiology (1998) 88:A5.
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• ZARIC D, NYDAHL P-A, PHILIPSON L, SAMUELSSON L, HEIERSON A, AXELSSON K: The effect of continuous lumbar epidural infusion of ropivacaine (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%) and 0.25% bupivacaine on sensory and motor block in volunteers. A double-blind study. Reg. Anesth. (1996) 21(0:14–25.
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• D'ANGELO R: Is there a place for ropivacaine/levobupivacaine in obstetric anesthesia? American Society of Regional Anesthesia 24th Annual Meeting & Workshops, Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (1999) 480–485.
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• •Discusses the cost issue between local anaesthetics.
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• BRODNER G, MERTES N, VAN AKEN H, POGATZKI E, BUERKLE H, MARCUS MA, MOLLHOFF T: Epidural analgesia with local anesthetics after abdominal surgery: Earlier motor recovery with 0.2% ropivacaine than 0.175% bupivacaine. Anesth. Analg. (1999) 88:128–33.
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• ••Potential cost sparing effect of ropivacaine.
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• DRESNER M, ADAMS M, KLEIN H: Ropivacaine test dose in extradural anaesthesia. Br. J. Anaesth. (1997) 79:813.
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• ••Discusses poor suitability of ropivacaine as an iv. test dose.
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• MORTON CP, BLOOMFIELD S, MAGNUSSON A, JOZWIAK H, MCCLURE JH: Ropivacaine 0.75% for extradural anaesthesia in elective caesarean section: an open clinical and pharmacokinetic study in mother and neonate. Br. J. Anaesth. (1997) 79(1):3–8.
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• KORMAN B, RILEY RH: Convulsions induced by ropivacaine during interscalene brachial plexus block. Anesth. Analg. (1997) 85(5):1128–1129.
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• PLOWMAN AN, BOLSIN S, MATHER LE: Central nervous system toxicity attributable to epidural ropivacaine hydrochloride. Anaesth. Intensive Care (1 99 8) 26(2)204–206.
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• ABOULEISH El, ELIAS M, NELSON C: Ropivacaine-induced seizure after extradural anaesthesia. Br. J. Anaesth. (1998) 80(6):843–844.
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• RUETSCH YA, FATTINGER KE, BORGEAT A: Ropivacaine-induced convulsions and severe cardiac dysrhythmia after sciatic block. Anesthesiology (1999) 90:1784–1786.
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• EMANUELSSON BMK, ZARIC D, NYDAHL P-A, AXELSSONKH: Pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine and bupivacaine during 21 hours of continuous epidural infusion in healthy male volunteers. Anesth. Analg. (1995) 81:1163–1168.
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• •Pharmacokinetics of prolonged epidural infusions.
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• LEE A, FAGAN D, LAMONT M, TUCKER GT, HALLDIN M,SCOTT DB: Disposition kinetics of ropivacaine in humans. Anesth. Analg. (1989) 69:736–738.
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• KOPACZ DJ, EMANUELSSON B-M, THOMPSON GE, CARPENTER RL, STEPHENSON, CA: Pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine and bupivacaine for bilateral intercostal blockade in healthy male volunteers. Anesthesiology (1994) 81:1139–1148.
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