Advanced search
Publication Cover
Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Volume 1, 2000 - Issue 6
Submit an article Journal homepage
41
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Miscellaneous

Several options for antiviral treatment trials in multiple sclerosis - but which targets should be selected?

Tomas Bergström < Department of Virology, Göteborg University, S-413 46 Göteborg, Sweden. [email protected]
Pages 1087-1090 | Published online: 24 Feb 2005

Bibliography

  • IFNB MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS STUDY GROUP: Interferon beta-1b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: clinical results of a multicenter, random-ized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neurology (1993) 43:655–661.
  • EBERS GC, KUKAY K, BULMAN DE et al.: A full genome search in multiple sclerosis. Nat. Genet. (1996) 13:472–476.
  • BERGSTROM T, ANDERSEN 0, VAHLNE A: Isolation of herpes virus Type 1 during first attack of multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol (1989) 26:283–285.
  • BERGSTROM T: Herpesviruses - a rationale for antiviral treatment in multiple sclerosis. AnUvir. Res. (1999) 41:1–19.
  • LYCKE J, SVENNERHOLM B, HJELMQUIST E et al.:Acyclovir treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. J Neurol. (1996) 243:214–224.
  • ANDERSEN 0: Antiviral therapy in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis (2000). (In Press).
  • CHALLONER PB, SMITH KT, PARKER JD et al.: Plaque-associated expression of human herpesvirus 6 in multiple sclerosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1995) 92:7440–7444.
  • YOSHIDA M, YAMADA M, TSUKAZAKI T et al.: Comparison of antiviral compounds against human herpesvirus 6 and 7. Antiviral. Res. (1998) 40:73–84.
  • ANDERSSON J, BRITTON S, ERNBERG I et al.: Effect of acyclovir on infectious mononucleosis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Infect. Dis. (1986) 153:283–290.
  • MUNCH M, HVAS J, CHRISTENSEN T et al: The implica-tions of Epstein-Barr virus in multiple sclerosis - a review. Acta. Neurol. Scand. (1997) 95 (Suppl. 169):59–64.
  • KOPROWSKY H, DEFREITAS EC, HARPER ME et al.: Multiple sclerosis and human T-cell lymphotropic retroviruses. Nature (1985) 318:154–160.
  • PERRON H, GARSON JA, BEDIN F et al.: Molecular identi-fication of a novel retrovirus repeatedly isolated from patients with multiple sclerosis. The Collaborative Research Group on Multiple Sclerosis. Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. USA (1997) 94:7583–7588.
  • CHRISTENSEN T, JENSEN AW, MUNCH M et al: Charac-terization of retrovirus from patients with multiple sclerosis. Acta. Neurol. Scand. (1997) 95 (Suppl. 169)49–58.
  • BLOND JL, BESEME F, DURET L et al: Molecular charac-terization and placental expression of HERV-W, a new human endogenous retrovirus family. J Vim]. (1999) 73:1175–1185.
  • MENARD A, AMOURI R, MICHEL M et al.: Gliotoxicity,reverse transcriptase activity and retroviral RNA in monocyte/macrophage culture supernatants from patients with multiple sclerosis. FEBS Lett. (1997) 413:477–485.
  • RIEGER F, PIERIG R, CIFUENTES-DIAZ C et al.: Newperspectives in multiple sclerosis: retroviral involvement and glial cell death. Pathol. Biol. (Paris) (2000) 48:15–24.
  • SUNDQUIST B, ()BERG B: Phosponoformate inhibits reverse transcriptase. J. Gen. Virol. (1979) 45:273–281.
  • SIBLEY WA, FOLEY JM: Infection and immunization in multiple sclerosis. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. (1965) 122:457–468.
  • SIBLEY WA, BAMFORD CR, CLARK K: Clinical viral infections and multiple sclerosis. Lancet (1985) 1:1313–1315.
  • ANDERSEN 0, LYGNER PE, BERGSTROM T et al.: Viralinfections trigger multiple sclerosis relapses: a prospective seroepidemiological study. J. Neurol. (1993) 240:417–422.
  • PANITHCH HS: Influence of infection on exacerbations of multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. (1994) 36 (Suppl.):S25–S28.
  • EDWARDS S, ZVARTAU M, CLARKE H et al: Clinical relapses and disease activity on magnetic resonance imaging associated with viral upper respiratory tract infections in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg. Psychiatry (1998) 64:736–741.
  • GROARKE JM, PEVEAR DC: Attenuated virulence of pleconaril-resistant coxsackie B3 variants. J. Infect. Dis. (1999) 179:1538–1541.
  • BERGER MM, KOPP N, VITAL C et al.: Detection and cellular localization of enterovirus RNA sequences in spinal cord of patients with ALS. Neurology (2000) 54:20–25.
  • LIU C, BLUMHARDT LD: Disability outcome measures intherapeutic trials of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: effects of heterogeneity of disease course in placebo cohorts. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry (2000) 68:450–457.
  • KIRA J, YAMASAKI K, HORIUCHI I et al.: Changes in theclinical phenotypes of multiple sclerosis during the past 50 years in Japan. J Neurol. Sci. (1999) 166:53–57.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.