Advanced search
Publication Cover
Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Volume 2, 2001 - Issue 4
Submit an article Journal homepage
329
Views
42
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Drug Evaluation

Clinical review of glimepiride

Anthony L McCall Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Oregon Health Sciences University, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3710 US Veterans Hospital Road, Portland, OR 97201, USA. [email protected]
Pages 699-713 | Published online: 24 Feb 2005

Bibliography

  • CHUKWUMA C Sr., TUOMILEHTO J: The 'thrifty'hypotheses: clinical and epidemiological significance for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease risk factors. J Cardiovasc. Risk (1998) 5(0:11–23.
  • MOKDAD AH, FORD ES, BOWMAN BA et al: DiabetesTrends in the U.S.: 1990–1998. Diabetes Care (2000) 23:1278–1283.
  • AMOS AF, MCCARTY DJ, ZIMMET P et al.: The risingglobal burden of diabetes and its complications: estimates and projections to the year 2010. Diabetic Medicine (2000) 133 (3) :176–182.
  • •Type 2 DM will rapidly expand in prevalence worldwide. These predictions are based upon economic expansion and more generous nutrition in the near future, particularly in Asia and Africa, where the prevalence of Type 2 DM has previously been relatively low.
  • FUJIMOTO WY, BERGSTROM RW, LEONETTI DL,NEWELL-MORRIS LL, SHUMAN WP, WAHL PW: Metabolic and adipose risk factors for NIDDM and coronary disease in third-generation Japanese-American men and women with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetologia (1994) 37 (5):524–532.
  • REAVEN GM: Ranting lecture 1988. Role of insulinresistance in human disease. Diabetes (1988) 37:1595–1607.
  • •A classic description of the syndrome of insulin resistance.
  • FORSEN T, ERIKSSON J, TUOMILEHTO J, REUNANEN A, OSMOND C, BARKER D: The fetal and childhood growth of persons who develop type 2 diabetes. Ann. Intern. Med. (2000) 133 (3) :176–182.
  • •Paradoxically, undernutrition during fetal growth may predispose to adaptations that lead to the development of obesity and insulin resistance and eventually a risk of Type 2 DM.
  • POLONSKY KS, STURIS J, BELL GI: Non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus: a genetically programmed failure of the beta cell to compensate for insulin resistance. N. Engl. J. Med. (1996) 334 (12):777–783.
  • •An excellent review of I3-cell abnormalities in Type 2 DM and their relationship to insulin resistance.
  • ROBERTSON RP, PORTE D Jr.: The glucose receptor. Adefective mechanism in diabetes mellitus distinct from the beta adrenergic receptor. J Clin. Invest. (1973) 52 (4):870–876.
  • UKPDS STUDY GROUP: Overview of 6 years' therapy ofType II diabetes: a progressive disease. Diabetes (1995) 44:1249–1258.
  • •This landmark study has shown progressive loss of insulin secretion characterises Type 2 DM.
  • UKPDS STUDY GROUP: Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet (1998) 352(9130:837–853.
  • ••The results of the UKPDS glucose control study haveindicated that, as was shown for Type 1 diabetes in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), hyperglycemia predicts the microvascular complications of diabetes and good control with insulin and sulfonylureas reduces their risk.
  • MEINERT CL, KNATTERUD GL, PROUT TE, KLIMT CR: A study of the effects of hypoglycemic agents on vascular complications in patients with adult-onset diabetes. II. Mortality results. Diabetes (1970) 19 (Suppl.):789–830.
  • •A classic, but hotly debated study finding an increased cardiovascular mortality in those treated with a first-generation sulfonylurea, tolbutamide.
  • UKPDS STUDY GROUP: Effect of intensive blood- glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS34). Lancet (1998) 352(9130:854–865.
  • ••Another landmark substudy from UKPDS had a somewhatconfusing overall interpretation. The study of obese Type 2 DM patients offered metformin monotherapy showed apparently superior benefit to other forms of intensive therapy, but an early addition of metformin to those failing sulfonylureas appeared to increase diabetes-related deaths.
  • HAFFNER SM, LEHTO S, RONNEMAA T, PYORALA K, LAAKSO M: Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with Type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl. J. Med. (1998) 339:229–234.
  • •A landmark study showing those with Type 2 DM free of known heart disease have a risk of myocardial infarction that equals non-diabetic persons who have already had a heart attack.
  • PARULKAR AA, PENDERGRASS ML, GRANDA-AYALA R, LEE TR, FONSECA VA: Nonhypoglycemic Effects of thiazolidinediones. Ann. Intern. Med. (2001) 134 (1) :61–71.
  • ASHCROFT FM, GRIBBLE FM: ATP-sensitive K+ channels and insulin secretion: their role in health and disease. Diabetologia (1999) 42 (8):903–919.
  • CAMPBELL RK: Glimepiride: Role of anew sulfonylurea in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann. Pharmacother. (1998) 32:1044–1052.
  • •An excellent review by a noted authority on diabetes medications.
  • ANON: Arnaryl® (glimepiride) tablets. Package insert, Hoechst Marion Roussel (1996).
  • KRAMER W, MULLER G, GIRBIG F et al.: Differential interaction of glimepiride and glibenclamide with the beta-cell sulfonylurea receptor. II. Photoaffinity labeling of a 65 kDa protein by riliglimepiride. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (1994) 1191 (2):278–290.
  • ROSSETTI L, GIACCARI A, DEFRONZO RA: Glucosetoxicity. Diabetes Care (1990)13:610–630.
  • •This paper reviews the concept of glucose toxicity, reversible impairment of insulin secretion and insulin resistance, which characterises poor glycemic control and that responds to improvement in glucose levels.
  • SELTZER HS: A summary of criticisms of the findingsand conclusions of the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP). Diabetes (1972) 21:976–979.
  • KILO C, MILLER JP, WILLIAMSON JR: The Achilles heel ofthe University Group Diabetes Program. J. Am. Med. Assoc. (1980) 243:450–457.
  • GARRATT KN, BRADY PA, HASSINGER NL, GRILL DE, TERZIC A, HOLMES DR, JR: Sulfonylurea drugs increase early mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus after direct angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction. J Am. Coll. Cardiol. (1999) 33:119–124.
  • •A recent study raised the possibility of sulfonylurea toxicity to the heart. Though flawed in design and lacking some crucial information, this study brings up important clinical issues.
  • MALMBERG K: Prospective randomised study of intensive insulin treatment on long term survival after acute myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus. DIGAMI (Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Glucose Infusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction) Study Group. Br. Med. J. (1997) 314:1512–1515.
  • ••Long-term follow up of a classic study that reported a largemortality benefit from institution of insulin therapy in diabetes patients with acute myocardial infarction. Benefit was most dramatic for patients who were at relatively low overall risk.
  • KLEPZIG H, KOBER G, MATTER C et al: Sulfonylureasand ischaemic preconditioning; a double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of glimepiride and glibenclamide. Eur. Heart J. (1999) 20:439–446.
  • EL-REYANI NE, BOZDOGAN O, BACZKO I, LEPRAN I, PAPP JG: Comparison of the efficacy of glibenclamide and glimepiride in rep erfusion-induced arrhythmias in rats. Eur.J. Pharmacol. (1999) 365:187–192.
  • SHORR RI, RAY WA, DAUGHERTY JR, GRIFFIN MR: Individual sulfonylureas and serious hypoglycemia in older people. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. (1996) 44(7):751–755.
  • VAN STAA T, ABENHAIM L, MONETTE J: Rates of hypoglycemia in users of sulfonylureas. J. Clin. Epidemiol (1997) 50(6):735–741.
  • MATYKA K, EVANS M, LOMAS J, CRANSTON I, MACDONALD I, AMIEL SA: Altered hierarchy of protec-tive responses against severe hypoglycemia in normal aging in healthy men. Diabetes Care (1997) 20(2):135–141.
  • SHORR RI, RAY WA, DAUGHERTY JR, GRIFFIN MR: Incidence and risk factors for serious hypoglycemia in older persons using insulin or sulfonylureas. Arch. Intern. Med. (1997) 157(15):1681–1686.
  • ROSENKRANZ B, PROFOZIC V, METELKO Z, MRZLJAK V,LANGE C, MALERCZYK V: Pharmacokinetics and safety of glimepiride at clinically effective doses in diabetic patients with renal impairment. Diabetologia (1996) 39 (12):1617–1624.
  • ROSENKRANZ B: Pharmacokinetic basis for the safetyof glimepiride in risk groups of NIDDMpatients. Horm. Metab. Res. (1996) 28(9):434–439.
  • LOUTAN L, SAMIMI H, BALANT L, FAVRE H, FABRE J:Metabolites of hypoglycemic sulfonylureas in kidney failure. Experience with glibenclamide. Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift (1978) 45:1782–1786.
  • ASPLUND K, WIHOLM BE, LITHNER F: Glibenclamide-associated hypoglycaemia: a report on 57 cases. Diabetologia (1983) 24(6):412–417.
  • GERICH JE: Oral hypoglycemic agents. N Engl. J. Med. (1989) 321 (18):1231–1245.
  • SELTZER HS: Drug-induced hypoglycemia. Diabetes (1972) 21:955–966.
  • GRAAL MB, WOLFFENBUTTEL BH: The use of sulphony-lureas in the elderly. Drugs Aging (1999) 15(6):471–481.
  • SONNENBERG GE, GARG DC, WEIDLER DJ et al: Short-term comparison of once- versus twice-daily admini-stration of glimepiride in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Ann. Pharmacother. (1997) 31 (6):671–676.
  • ROSENSTOCK J, SAMOLS E, MUCHMORE DB, SCHNEIDER J: Glimepiride, a new once-daily sulfonylurea. A double-blind placebo-controlled study of NIDDM patients. Glimepiride Study Group. Diabetes Care (1996) 19(10:1194–1199.
  • SCHADE DS, JOVANOVIC L, SCHNEIDER J: A placebo-controlled, randomized study of glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for whom diet therapy is unsuccessful. j Clin. Pharmacol (1998) 38:636–641.
  • GOLDBERG RB, HOLVEY SM, SCHNEIDER J: A dose-response study of glimepiride in patients with NIDDM who have previously received sulfonylurea agents. The Glimepiride Protocol: 201 Study Group. Diabetes Care (1996) 19(8):849–856.
  • •A clinically relevant study showing the dose response characteristics of glimepiride monotherapy.
  • SIMONSON DC, KOURIDES IA, FEINGLOS M, SHAMOON H, FISCHETTE CT: Efficacy, safety, and dose-response characteristics of glipizide gastrointestinal therapeutic system on glycemic control and insulin secretion in NIDDM. Results of two multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. The Glipizide Gastrointestinal Therapeutic System Study Group. Diabetes Care (1997) 20(4):597–606.
  • DILLS DG, SCHNEIDER J: Clinical evaluation of glimepiride versus glyburide in NIDDM in a double-blind comparative study. Glimepiride/Glyburide Research Group. Horm. Metabol. Res. (1996) 28(9)426–429.
  • •A study nicely illustrating the difficulty with hypoglycemia during dose titration with glyburide as compared with glimepiride.
  • DRAEGER KE, WERNICKE-PANTEN K, LOMP HJ, SCHULER E, ROSSKAMP R: Long-term treatment of type 2 diabetic patients with the new oral antidiabetic agent glimepiride (Arnaryl): a double-blind comparison with glibenclamide. Horm. Metab. Res. (1996) 28 (9):419–425.
  • LANGTRY HD, BALFOUR JA: Glimepiride. A review of its use in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs (1998) 55(4):563–584.
  • •A comprehensive review of glimepiride.
  • RIDDLE MC: Evening insulin strategy. Diabetes Care (1990) 13:676–686.
  • RIDDLE MC: Combined insulin and sulfonylurea therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. (1991) 11:3–8.
  • RIDDLE MC: Combined therapy with a sulfonylurea plus evening insulin: safe, reliable, and becoming routine. Horm. Metab. Res. (1996) 28(9):430–433.
  • JOHNSON JL, WOLF SL, KABADI UM: Efficacy of insulin and sulfonylurea combination therapy in type II diabetes. A meta-analysis of the randomized placebo-controlled trials. Arch. Intern. Med. (1996) 156 (3) :259–264.
  • YKI-JARVINEN H, RYYSY L, NIKKILA K, TULOKAS T, VANAMO R, HEIKKILA M: Comparison of bedtime insulin regimens in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann. Intern. Med. (1999) 130:389–396.
  • •The only published randomised, controlled trial of bedtime insulin with varying additional treatment (glyburide, metformin, both or insulin in the morning). The study found better control of diabetes and less weight gain. Generalisa-tion of the study results to all secretagogues may be affected by the difficulties with glyburide-induced hypoglycemia during this one year trial.
  • RIDDLE MC, SCHNEIDER J: Beginning insulin treatment of obese patients with evening 70/30 insulin plus glimepiride versus insulin alone. Glimepiride Combination Group. Diabetes Care (1998) 21 (7):1052–1057.
  • •A paper that illustrates well the use of a suppertime mixed insulin preparation in combination with glimepiride in overweight people with Type 2 DM.
  • SCHNEIDER J: An overview of the safety and tolerance of glimepiride. Horm. Metab. Res. (1996) 28:413–418.
  • AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION: Medical Manage-ment of Type 2 Diabetes. (Edition 4). Kelly DB (Ed.) American Diabetes Association, Alexandria. Management: Pharmacologic intervention. (1998):56–72.

Websites

  • http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/ 192000/sep00.htm#am aryl The FDA website.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.