1,062
Views
50
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Malaria: an update on current chemotherapy

, MD, , MD PhD & , MD PhD

Bibliography

  • Noedl H, Se Y, Schaecher K, et al. Evidence of artemisinin-resistant malaria in western Cambodia. N Engl J Med 2008;359:2619-20
  • Dondorp AM, Nosten F, Yi P, et al. Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. N Engl J Med 2009;361:455-67
  • Hamed K, Grueninger H. Coartem(R): a decade of patient-centric malaria management. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2012;10:645-59
  • Svennas KL, Macdonald SJ, Willis PA. Small molecule anti-malarial patents: a review (January 2010-June 2011). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012;22:607-43
  • Tschan S, Kremsner PG, Mordmuller B. Emerging drugs for malaria. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2012;17:319-33
  • Schlagenhauf P, Petersen E. Malaria chemoprophylaxis: strategies for risk groups. Clin Microbiol Rev 2008;21:466-72
  • van Vugt M, van Beest A, Sicuri E, et al. Malaria treatment and prophylaxis in endemic and nonendemic countries: evidence on strategies and their cost-effectiveness. Future Microbiol 2011;6:1485-500
  • Schumacher RF, Spinelli E. Malaria in children. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2012;4:e2012073
  • Meremikwu MM, Donegan S, Sinclair D, et al. Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in children living in areas with seasonal transmission. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;2:CD003756
  • Roggelin L, Cramer JP. Malaria prevention in the pregnant traveller: a review. Travel Med Infect Dis 2014;12:229-36
  • Dramowski A, Frigati L, Rabie H, et al. Malaria in children - prevention and management. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2013;13:303-11
  • Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol 2009;62:e1-34
  • Sinclair D, Zani B, Donegan S, et al. Artemisinin-based combination therapy for treating uncomplicated malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;CD007483
  • Makanga M, Bassat Q, Falade CO, et al. Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine in the treatment of acute, uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a pooled analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011;85:793-804
  • Naing C, Racloz V, Whittaker MA, et al. Efficacy and safety of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria in endemic countries: meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. PLoS One 2013;8:e78819
  • Obonyo CO, Juma EA. Clindamycin plus quinine for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Malar J 2012;11:2
  • van Eijk AM, Terlouw DJ. Azithromycin for treating uncomplicated malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;CD006688
  • Whegang Youdom S, Samson A, Basco LK, et al. Multiple treatment comparisons in a series of anti-malarial trials with an ordinal primary outcome and repeated treatment evaluations. Malar J 2012;11:147
  • Zwang J, Dorsey G, Djimde A, et al. Clinical tolerability of artesunate-amodiaquine versus comparator treatments for uncomplicated falciparum malaria: an individual-patient analysis of eight randomized controlled trials in sub-Saharan Africa. Malar J 2012;11:260
  • Organization WH. Guidelines for the treatment of malaria. 2nd edition. 2010. Available from: www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/9789241547925/en/index.html
  • Cui L, Su XZ. Discovery, mechanisms of action and combination therapy of artemisinin. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2009;7:999-1013
  • Fehintola FA, Adedeji AA, Gbotosho GO, et al. Effects of artesunate-cotrimoxazole and amodiaquine-artesunate against asexual and sexual stages of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Nigerian children. J Infect Chemother 2008;14:188-94
  • Douglas NM, Simpson JA, Phyo AP, et al. Gametocyte dynamics and the role of drugs in reducing the transmission potential of Plasmodium vivax. J Infect Dis 2013;208:801-12
  • Medhi B, Patyar S, Rao RS, et al. Pharmacokinetic and toxicological profile of artemisinin compounds: an update. Pharmacology 2009;84:323-32
  • Gordi T, Lepist EI. Artemisinin derivatives: toxic for laboratory animals, safe for humans? Toxicol Lett 2004;147:99-107
  • Ogutu B. Artemether and lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2013;14:643-54
  • Abuaku B, Duah N, Quaye L, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine combination in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria among children under five years of age in three ecological zones in Ghana. Malar J 2012;11:388
  • Jiao X, Liu GY, Shan CO, et al. Phase II trial in China of a new, rapidly-acting and effective oral antimalarial, CGP 56697, for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1997;28:476-81
  • Lefevre G, Looareesuwan S, Treeprasertsuk S, et al. A clinical and pharmacokinetic trial of six doses of artemether-lumefantrine for multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2001;64:247-56
  • van Vugt M, Looareesuwan S, Wilairatana P, et al. Artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2000;94:545-8
  • Piola P, Fogg C, Bajunirwe F, et al. Supervised versus unsupervised intake of six-dose artemether-lumefantrine for treatment of acute, uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Mbarara, Uganda: a randomised trial. Lancet 2005;365:1467-73
  • van Vugt M, Ezzet F, Nosten F, et al. No evidence of cardiotoxicity during antimalarial treatment with artemether-lumefantrine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999;61:964-7
  • Mutabingwa TK, Adam I. Use of artemether-lumefantrine to treat malaria during pregnancy: what do we know and need to know? Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2013;11:125-35
  • Price RN, Uhlemann AC, van Vugt M, et al. Molecular and pharmacological determinants of the therapeutic response to artemether-lumefantrine in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Clin Infect Dis 2006;42:1570-7
  • Mayxay M, Khanthavong M, Lindegardh N, et al. Randomized comparison of chloroquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine versus artesunate plus mefloquine versus artemether-lumefantrine in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39:1139-47
  • Dorsey G, Staedke S, Clark TD, et al. Combination therapy for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Ugandan children: a randomized trial. JAMA 2007;297:2210-19
  • Abdulla S, Sagara I, Borrmann S, et al. Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine dispersible tablets compared with crushed commercial tablets in African infants and children with uncomplicated malaria: a randomised, single-blind, multicentre trial. Lancet 2008;372:1819-27
  • Achan J, Tibenderana JK, Kyabayinze D, et al. Effectiveness of quinine versus artemether-lumefantrine for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Ugandan children: randomised trial. BMJ 2009;339:b2763
  • Adjei GO, Kurtzhals JA, Rodrigues OP, et al. Amodiaquine-artesunate vs artemether-lumefantrine for uncomplicated malaria in Ghanaian children: a randomized efficacy and safety trial with one year follow-up. Malar J 2008;7:127
  • Arinaitwe E, Sandison TG, Wanzira H, et al. Artemether-lumefantrine versus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for falciparum malaria: a longitudinal, randomized trial in young Ugandan children. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49:1629-37
  • Bassat Q, Mulenga M, Tinto H, et al. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and artemether-lumefantrine for treating uncomplicated malaria in African children: a randomised, non-inferiority trial. PLoS One 2009;4:e7871
  • Bell DJ, Wootton D, Mukaka M, et al. Measurement of adherence, drug concentrations and the effectiveness of artemether-lumefantrine, chlorproguanil-dapsone or sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Malawi. Malar J 2009;8:204
  • Carrasquilla G, Baron C, Monsell EM, et al. Randomized, prospective, three-arm study to confirm the auditory safety and efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine in Colombian patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012;86:75-83
  • Eshetu T, Abdo N, Bedru KH, et al. Open-label trial with artemether-lumefantrine against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria three years after its broad introduction in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia. Malar J 2012;11:240
  • Espie E, Lima A, Atua B, et al. Efficacy of fixed-dose combination artesunate-amodiaquine versus artemether-lumefantrine for uncomplicated childhood Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Democratic Republic of Congo: a randomized non-inferiority trial. Malar J 2012;11:174
  • Falade CO, Ogunkunle OO, Dada-Adegbola HO, et al. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine in the treatment of acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Nigerian infants and children. Malar J 2008;7:246
  • Juma EA, Obonyo CO, Akhwale WS, et al. A randomized, open-label, comparative efficacy trial of artemether-lumefantrine suspension versus artemether-lumefantrine tablets for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children in Western Kenya. Malar J 2008;7:262
  • Thimasarn K, Sirichaisinthop J, Chanyakhun P, et al. A comparative study of artesunate and artemether in combination with mefloquine on multidrug resistant falciparum malaria in eastern Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1997;28:465-71
  • Looareesuwan S, Wilairatana P, Viravan C, et al. Open randomized trial of oral artemether alone and a sequential combination with mefloquine for acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1997;56:613-17
  • Looareesuwan S, Kyle DE, Viravan C, et al. Treatment of patients with recrudescent falciparum malaria with a sequential combination of artesunate and mefloquine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992;47:794-9
  • Luxemburger C, ter Kuile FO, Nosten F, et al. Single day mefloquine-artesunate combination in the treatment of multi-drug resistant falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1994;88:213-17
  • Nosten F, Luxemburger C, ter Kuile FO, et al. Treatment of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria with 3-day artesunate-mefloquine combination. J Infect Dis 1994;170:971-7
  • Krudsood S, Looareesuwan S, Silachamroon U, et al. Artesunate and mefloquine given simultaneously for three days via a prepacked blister is equally effective and tolerated as a standard sequential treatment of uncomplicated acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria: randomized, double-blind study in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2002;67:465-72
  • van Vugt M, Leonardi E, Phaipun L, et al. Treatment of uncomplicated multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria with artesunate-atovaquone-proguanil. Clin Infect Dis 2002;35:1498-504
  • Leang R, Barrette A, Bouth DM, et al. Efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in Cambodia, 2008 to 2010. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013;57:818-26
  • Nambozi M, Van Geertruyden JP, Hachizovu S, et al. Safety and efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artemether-lumefantrine in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Zambian children. Malar J 2011;10:50
  • Valecha N, Phyo AP, Mayxay M, et al. An open-label, randomised study of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-mefloquine for falciparum malaria in Asia. PLoS One 2010;5:e11880
  • Trung TN, Tan B, Van Phuc D, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of artemisinin-piperaquine vs dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine phosphate in treatment of falciparum malaria. Chin J Integr Med 2009;15:189-92
  • Bonnet M, Broek I, van Herp M, et al. Varying efficacy of artesunate+amodiaquine and artesunate+sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a report of two in-vivo studies. Malar J 2009;8:192
  • Nahum A, Erhart A, Gazard D, et al. Adding artesunate to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine greatly improves the treatment efficacy in children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria on the coast of Benin, West Africa. Malar J 2007;6:170
  • Guthmann JP, Ampuero J, Fortes F, et al. Antimalarial efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, and the combinations of amodiaquine + artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine + artesunate in Huambo and Bie provinces, central Angola. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2005;99:485-92
  • Tshefu AK, Gaye O, Kayentao K, et al. Efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose oral combination of pyronaridine-artesunate compared with artemether-lumefantrine in children and adults with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2010;375:1457-67
  • Kayentao K, Doumbo OK, Penali LK, et al. Pyronaridine-artesunate granules versus artemether-lumefantrine crushed tablets in children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a randomized controlled trial. Malar J 2012;11:364
  • Rueangweerayut R, Phyo AP, Uthaisin C, et al. Pyronaridine-artesunate versus mefloquine plus artesunate for malaria. N Engl J Med 2012;366:1298-309
  • Poravuth Y, Socheat D, Rueangweerayut R, et al. Pyronaridine-artesunate versus chloroquine in patients with acute Plasmodium vivax malaria: a randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trial. PLoS One 2011;6:e14501
  • Ariey F, Witkowski B, Amaratunga C, et al. A molecular marker of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Nature 2014;505:50-5
  • Ringwald P, Bickii J, Basco LK. Efficacy of oral pyronaridine for the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in African children. Clin Infect Dis 1998;26:946-53
  • Ringwald P, Bickii J, Basco L. Randomised trial of pyronaridine versus chloroquine for acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Africa. Lancet 1996;347:24-8
  • Bukirwa H, Unnikrishnan B, Kramer CV, et al. Artesunate plus pyronaridine for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;3:CD006404
  • Tinto H, Diallo S, Zongo I, et al. Effectiveness of artesunate-amodiaquine vs. artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Nanoro, Burkina Faso: a non-inferiority randomised trial. Trop Med Int Health 2014;19(4):469-75
  • Borrmann S, Adegnika AA, Matsiegui PB, et al. Fosmidomycin-clindamycin for Plasmodium falciparum Infections in African children. J Infect Dis 2004;189:901-8
  • Borrmann S, Issifou S, Esser G, et al. Fosmidomycin-clindamycin for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. J Infect Dis 2004;190:1534-40
  • Oyakhirome S, Issifou S, Pongratz P, et al. Randomized controlled trial of fosmidomycin-clindamycin versus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007;51:1869-71
  • Ruangweerayut R, Looareesuwan S, Hutchinson D, et al. Assessment of the pharmacokinetics and dynamics of two combination regimens of fosmidomycin-clindamycin in patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Malar J 2008;7:225
  • Lanaspa M, Moraleda C, Machevo S, et al. Inadequate efficacy of a new formulation of fosmidomycin-clindamycin combination in Mozambican children less than three years old with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56:2923-8
  • Tjitra E, Hasugian AR, Siswantoro H, et al. Efficacy and safety of artemisinin-naphthoquine versus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in adult patients with uncomplicated malaria: a multi-centre study in Indonesia. Malar J 2012;11:153
  • Meremikwu MM, Odey F, Oringanje C, et al. Open-label trial of three dosage regimens of fixed-dose combination of artemisinin and naphthoquine for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Calabar, Nigeria. Malar J 2012;11:413
  • Liu R, Dong HF, Jiang MS. A pharmacokinetic approach to assess artemisinin-naphthoquine combination therapy for uncomplicated pediatric malaria. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2012;5:521-4
  • Batty KT, Salman S, Moore BR, et al. Artemisinin-naphthoquine combination therapy for uncomplicated pediatric malaria: a pharmacokinetic study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56:2472-84
  • Benjamin J, Moore B, Lee ST, et al. Artemisinin-naphthoquine combination therapy for uncomplicated pediatric malaria: a tolerability, safety, and preliminary efficacy study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56:2465-71
  • Kinde-Gazard D, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Capo-Chichi L, et al. [A randomized clinical trial comparing the effectiveness and tolerability of artemisinine-naphthoquine (Arco(R)) and artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem(R)) in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Benin]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 2012;105:208-14
  • Toure OA, Penali LK, Yapi JD, et al. A comparative, randomized clinical trial of artemisinin/naphtoquine twice daily one day versus artemether/lumefantrine six doses regimen in children and adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Cote d’Ivoire. Malar J 2009;8:148
  • Tun T, Tint HS, Lin K, et al. Efficacy of oral single dose therapy with artemisinin-naphthoquine phosphate in uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Acta Trop 2009;111:275-8
  • Wang JY, Shan CQ, Fu DD, et al. [Efficacy of naphthoquine, artemisinine and a combination of the two drugs in the treatment of falciparum malaria]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003;21:131-3
  • Guo WZ, Guo XB, Zheng QJ, et al. [A randomized comparative study of naphtoquine, mefloquine and artsunate in the treatment of falciparum malaria]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2003;83:1406-8
  • Wang SQ, Meng F, Shen H, et al. [Therapeutic effect of dihydroartemisinin combined with naphthoquine phosphate in patients with falciparum malaria]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2002;20:180-2
  • Faye B, Ndiaye JL, Ndiaye D, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of four antimalarial combinations in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Senegal. Malar J 2007;6:80
  • Amuasi JH, Diap G, Nguah SB, et al. Access to artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) and other anti-malarials: national policy and markets in Sierra Leone. PLoS One 2012;7:e47733
  • Diap G, Amuasi J, Boakye I, et al. Anti-malarial market and policy surveys in sub-Saharan Africa. Malar J 2010;9(Suppl 1):S1
  • Dondorp A, Nosten F, Stepniewska K, et al. Artesunate versus quinine for treatment of severe falciparum malaria: a randomised trial. Lancet 2005;366:717-25
  • Dondorp AM, Fanello CI, Hendriksen IC, et al. Artesunate versus quinine in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria in African children (AQUAMAT): an open-label, randomised trial. Lancet 2010;376:1647-57
  • Sheehy SH, Angus BJ. Malaria: severe, life-threatening. Clin Evid (Online) 2011;2011. pii: 0913.
  • Hien TT, Davis TM, Chuong LV, et al. Comparative pharmacokinetics of intramuscular artesunate and artemether in patients with severe falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004;48:4234-9
  • Karunajeewa HA, Reeder J, Lorry K, et al. Artesunate suppositories versus intramuscular artemether for treatment of severe malaria in children in Papua New Guinea. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006;50:968-74
  • Li Q, Hickman M. Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic (TK/TD) evaluation to determine and predict the neurotoxicity of artemisinins. Toxicology 2011;279:1-9
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Published reports of delayed hemolytic anemia after treatment with artesunate for severe malaria–worldwide, 2010-2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013;62:5-8
  • Zoller T, Junghanss T, Kapaun A, et al. Intravenous artesunate for severe malaria in travelers, Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 2011;17:771-7
  • Kreeftmeijer-Vegter AR, van Genderen PJ, Visser LG, et al. Treatment outcome of intravenous artesunate in patients with severe malaria in the Netherlands and Belgium. Malar J 2012;11:102
  • Rolling T, Agbenyega T, Issifou S, et al. Delayed hemolysis after treatment with parenteral artesunate in African children with severe malaria-a double-center prospective study. J Infect Dis 2014;209:1921-8
  • Jarvis JN, Coltart CE, Pule M, et al. Artemisinin therapy and severe delayed haemolysis. Lancet 2013;382:180
  • Gomes MF, Faiz MA, Gyapong JO, et al. Pre-referral rectal artesunate to prevent death and disability in severe malaria: a placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2009;373:557-66
  • Grobusch MP. Early rectal artesunate administration: a life-saver in remote areas? Future Microbiol 2009;4:397-400
  • Okebe J, Eisenhut M. Pre-referral rectal artesunate for severe malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;5:CD009964
  • Meremikwu MM, Odigwe CC, Akudo Nwagbara B, et al. Antipyretic measures for treating fever in malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;9:CD002151
  • Maude RJ, Silamut K, Plewes K, et al. Randomized controlled trial of levamisole hydrochloride as adjunctive therapy in severe falciparum malaria with high parasitemia. J Infect Dis 2014;209:120-9
  • Shaz BH, Schwartz J, Winters JL, et al. American society for apheresis guidelines support use of red cell exchange transfusion for severe malaria with high parasitemia. Clin Infect Dis 2014;58:302-3
  • Tan KR, Wiegand RE, Arguin PM. Exchange transfusion for severe malaria: evidence base and literature review. Clin Infect Dis 2013;57:923-8
  • Kreeftmeijer-Vegter AR, Melo Mde M, de Vries PJ, et al. Manual blood exchange transfusion does not significantly contribute to parasite clearance in artesunate-treated individuals with imported severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malar J 2013;12:115
  • Santana-Cabrera L, Fernandez Arroyo M, Rodriguez Gonzalez F, et al. Erythrocytapheresis in the emergency management of severe falciparum malaria. J Emerg Trauma Shock 2010;3:206
  • Dondorp AM, Nyanoti M, Kager PA, et al. The role of reduced red cell deformability in the pathogenesis of severe falciparum malaria and its restoration by blood transfusion. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2002;96:282-6
  • DTG. DGfTuIG: treatment of malaria (German guidelines). 2013. Available from: http://www.dtg.org/uploads/media/Malaria_2013_01.pdf
  • Cox-Singh J, Davis TM, Lee KS, et al. Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in humans is widely distributed and potentially life threatening. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:165-71
  • Singh B, Daneshvar C. Human infections and detection of Plasmodium knowlesi. Clin Microbiol Rev 2013;26:165-84
  • Douglas NM, Anstey NM, Angus BJ, et al. Artemisinin combination therapy for vivax malaria. Lancet Infect Dis 2010;10:405-16
  • Griffith KS, Lewis LS, Mali S, et al. Treatment of malaria in the United States: a systematic review. Jama 2007;297:2264-77
  • Pasaribu AP, Chokejindachai W, Sirivichayakul C, et al. A randomized comparison of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and artesunate-amodiaquine combined with primaquine for radical treatment of vivax malaria in Sumatera, Indonesia. J Infect Dis 2013;208:1906-13
  • Hasugian AR, Purba HL, Kenangalem E, et al. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-amodiaquine: superior efficacy and posttreatment prophylaxis against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:1067-74
  • Price RN, Douglas NM, Anstey NM. New developments in Plasmodium vivax malaria: severe disease and the rise of chloroquine resistance. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2009;22:430-5
  • Alving AS, Arnold J, Hockwald RS, et al. Potentiation of the curative action of primaquine in vivax malaria by quinine and chloroquine. J Lab Clin Med 1955;46:301-6
  • Hill DR, Baird JK, Parise ME, et al. Primaquine: report from CDC expert meeting on malaria chemoprophylaxis I. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2006;75:402-15
  • White NJ, Qiao LG, Qi G, et al. Rationale for recommending a lower dose of primaquine as a Plasmodium falciparum gametocytocide in populations where G6PD deficiency is common. Malar J 2012;11:418
  • Eziefula AC, Bousema T, Yeung S, et al. Single dose primaquine for clearance of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in children with uncomplicated malaria in Uganda: a randomised, controlled, double-blind, dose-ranging trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2014;14:130-9
  • Hwang J, Alemayehu BH, Reithinger R, et al. In vivo efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine and chloroquine against Plasmodium vivax: a randomized open label trial in central Ethiopia. PLoS One 2013;8:e63433
  • Yohannes AM, Teklehaimanot A, Bergqvist Y, et al. Confirmed vivax resistance to chloroquine and effectiveness of artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of vivax malaria in Ethiopia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011;84:137-40
  • Krudsood S, Tangpukdee N, Muangnoicharoen S, et al. Clinical efficacy of chloroquine versus artemether-lumefantrine for Plasmodium vivax treatment in Thailand. Korean J Parasitol 2007;45:111-14
  • Phyo AP, Lwin KM, Price RN, et al. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus chloroquine in the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Thailand: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis 2011;53:977-84
  • Lon C, Manning JE, Vanachayangkul P, et al. Efficacy of two versus three-day regimens of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for uncomplicated malaria in military personnel in northern Cambodia: an open-label randomized trial. PLoS One 2014;9:e93138
  • Senn N, Rarau P, Manong D, et al. Effectiveness of artemether/lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum malaria in young children in Papua New Guinea. Clin Infect Dis 2013;56:1413-20
  • Abdallah TM, Ali AA, Bakri M, et al. Efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine as a treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in eastern Sudan. Malar J 2012;11:404
  • Mombo-Ngoma G, Kleine C, Basra A, et al. Prospective evaluation of artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of non-falciparum and mixed-species malaria in Gabon. Malar J 2012;11:120
  • Liu H, Yang HL, Xu JW, et al. Artemisinin-naphthoquine combination versus chloroquine-primaquine to treat vivax malaria: an open-label randomized and non-inferiority trial in Yunnan Province, China. Malar J 2013;12:409
  • Sutanto I, Tjahjono B, Basri H, et al. Randomized, open-label trial of primaquine against vivax malaria relapse in Indonesia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013;57:1128-35
  • Fatih FA, Staines HM, Siner A, et al. Susceptibility of human Plasmodium knowlesi infections to anti-malarials. Malar J 2013;12:425
  • Sevene E, Gonzalez R, Menendez C. Current knowledge and challenges of antimalarial drugs for treatment and prevention in pregnancy. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2010;11:1277-93
  • Kayentao K, Garner P, van Eijk AM, et al. Intermittent preventive therapy for malaria during pregnancy using 2 vs 3 or more doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and risk of low birth weight in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2013;309:594-604
  • Bardaji A, Bassat Q, Alonso PL, et al. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnant women and infants: making best use of the available evidence. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2012;13:1719-36
  • Hill J, Hoyt J, van Eijk AM, et al. Factors affecting the delivery, access, and use of interventions to prevent malaria in pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2013;10:e1001488
  • Schlagenhauf P, Blumentals WA, Suter P, et al. Pregnancy and fetal outcomes after exposure to mefloquine in the pre- and periconception period and during pregnancy. Clin Infect Dis 2012;54:e124-31
  • Jaroensuk J, Stoesser N, Leimanis ML, et al. Treatment of suspected hyper-reactive malarial splenomegaly (HMS) in pregnancy with mefloquine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014;90:609-11
  • Clark RL, Lerman SA, Cox EM, et al. Developmental toxicity of artesunate in the rat: comparison to other artemisinins, comparison of embryotoxicity and kinetics by oral and intravenous routes, and relationship to maternal reticulocyte count. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol 2008;83:397-406
  • Longo M, Zanoncelli S, Torre PD, et al. In vivo and in vitro investigations of the effects of the antimalarial drug dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on rat embryos. Reprod Toxicol 2006;22:797-810
  • Longo M, Zanoncelli S, Manera D, et al. Effects of the antimalarial drug dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on rat embryos in vitro. Reprod Toxicol 2006;21:83-93
  • Manyando C, Kayentao K, D’Alessandro U, et al. A systematic review of the safety and efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria during pregnancy. Malar J 2012;11:141
  • Clark RL. Effects of artemisinins on reticulocyte count and relationship to possible embryotoxicity in confirmed and unconfirmed malarial patients. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 2012;94:61-75
  • McGready R, Cho T, Keo NK, et al. Artemisinin antimalarials in pregnancy: a prospective treatment study of 539 episodes of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:2009-16
  • McGready R, Lee SJ, Wiladphaingern J, et al. Adverse effects of falciparum and vivax malaria and the safety of antimalarial treatment in early pregnancy: a population-based study. Lancet Infect Dis 2012;12:388-96
  • McGready R, Phyo AP, Rijken MJ, et al. Artesunate/dihydroartemisinin pharmacokinetics in acute falciparum malaria in pregnancy: absorption, bioavailability, disposition and disease effects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2012;73:467-77
  • Adam I, Elhassan EM, Omer EM, et al. Safety of artemisinins during early pregnancy, assessed in 62 Sudanese women. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2009;103:205-10
  • Deen JL, von Seidlein L, Pinder M, et al. The safety of the combination artesunate and pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine given during pregnancy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001;95:424-8
  • Manyando C, Mkandawire R, Puma L, et al. Safety of artemether-lumefantrine in pregnant women with malaria: results of a prospective cohort study in Zambia. Malar J 2010;9:249
  • Mosha D, Mazuguni F, Mrema S, et al. Safety of artemether-lumefantrine exposure in first trimester of pregnancy: an observational cohort. Malar J 2014;13:197
  • Sangare LR, Weiss NS, Brentlinger PE, et al. Patterns of anti-malarial drug treatment among pregnant women in Uganda. Malar J 2011;10:152
  • Mutabingwa TK, Muze K, Ord R, et al. Randomized trial of artesunate+amodiaquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine+amodiaquine, chlorproguanal-dapsone and SP for malaria in pregnancy in Tanzania. PLoS One 2009;4:e5138
  • McGready R, Tan SO, Ashley EA, et al. A randomised controlled trial of artemether-lumefantrine versus artesunate for uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum treatment in pregnancy. PLoS Med 2008;5:e253
  • Kalilani L, Mofolo I, Chaponda M, et al. A randomized controlled pilot trial of azithromycin or artesunate added to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine as treatment for malaria in pregnant women. PLoS One 2007;2:e1166
  • Gonzalez R, Hellgren U, Greenwood B, et al. Mefloquine safety and tolerability in pregnancy: a systematic literature review. Malar J 2014;13:75
  • McGready R, Stepniewska K, Lindegardh N, et al. The pharmacokinetics of artemether and lumefantrine in pregnant women with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2006;62:1021-31
  • Kaye DK, Nshemerirwe R, Mutyaba TS, et al. A randomized clinical trial comparing safety, clinical and parasitological response to artemether-lumefantrine and chlorproguanil-dapsone in treatment of uncomplicated malaria in pregnancy in Mulago hospital, Uganda. J Infect Dev Ctries 2008;2:135-9
  • Piola P, Nabasumba C, Turyakira E, et al. Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine compared with quinine in pregnant women with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2010;10:762-9
  • Chaikitgosiyakul S, Rijken MJ, Muehlenbachs A, et al. A morphometric and histological study of placental malaria shows significant changes to villous architecture in both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infection. Malar J 2014;13:4
  • McGready R, Keo NK, Villegas L, et al. Artesunate-atovaquone-proguanil rescue treatment of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pregnancy: a preliminary report. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2003;97:592-4
  • McGready R, Stepniewska K, Edstein MD, et al. The pharmacokinetics of atovaquone and proguanil in pregnant women with acute falciparum malaria. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2003;59:545-52
  • Rulisa S, Kaligirwa N, Agaba S, et al. Pharmacovigilance of artemether-lumefantrine in pregnant women followed until delivery in Rwanda. Malar J 2012;11:225
  • Tarning J, Kloprogge F, Piola P, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of Artemether and dihydroartemisinin in pregnant women with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Uganda. Malar J 2012;11:293
  • Rijken MJ, McGready R, Jullien V, et al. Pharmacokinetics of amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine in pregnant and postpartum women with Plasmodium vivax malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011;55:4338-42
  • Tagbor H, Bruce J, Browne E, et al. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of amodiaquine plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine used alone or in combination for malaria treatment in pregnancy: a randomised trial. Lancet 2006;368:1349-56
  • McGready R, Cho T, Samuel et al. Randomized comparison of quinine-clindamycin versus artesunate in the treatment of falciparum malaria in pregnancy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001;95:651-6
  • McGready R, Ashley EA, Moo E, et al. A randomized comparison of artesunate-atovaquone-proguanil versus quinine in treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria during pregnancy. J Infect Dis 2005;192:846-53
  • Adam I, Ali DA, Alwaseila A, et al. Mefloquine in the treatment of falciparum malaria during pregnancy in Eastern Sudan. Saudi Med J 2004;25:1400-2
  • McGready R, Brockman A, Cho T, et al. Randomized comparison of mefloquine-artesunate versus quinine in the treatment of multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria in pregnancy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2000;94:689-93
  • Sowunmi A, Oduola AM, Ogundahunsi OA, et al. Randomised trial of artemether versus artemether and mefloquine for the treatment of chloroquine/sufadoxine-pyrimethamine-resistant falciparum malaria during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol 1998;18:322-7
  • Toovey S. Mefloquine neurotoxicity: a literature review. Travel Med Infect Dis 2009;7:2-6
  • Rijken MJ, McGready R, Phyo AP, et al. Pharmacokinetics of dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine in pregnant and nonpregnant women with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011;55:5500-6
  • Tarning J, Rijken MJ, McGready R, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine in pregnant and nonpregnant women with uncomplicated malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56:1997-2007
  • White NJ, Pukrittayakamee S, Hien TT, et al. Malaria. Lancet 2014;383:723-35
  • Egunsola O, Oshikoya KA. Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review. Malar J 2013;12:385
  • Zongo I, Dorsey G, Rouamba N, et al. Randomized comparison of amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, artemether-lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Burkina Faso. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45:1453-61
  • Creek D, Bigira V, Arinaitwe E, et al. Increased risk of early vomiting among infants and young children treated with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine compared with artemether-lumefantrine for uncomplicated malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2010;83:873-5
  • Mens PF, Sawa P, van Amsterdam SM, et al. A randomized trial to monitor the efficacy and effectiveness by QT-NASBA of artemether-lumefantrine versus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for treatment and transmission control of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in western Kenya. Malar J 2008;7:237
  • Karunajeewa HA, Mueller I, Senn M, et al. A trial of combination antimalarial therapies in children from Papua New Guinea. N Engl J Med 2008;359:2545-57
  • Katrak S, Gasasira A, Arinaitwe E, et al. Safety and tolerability of artemether-lumefantrine versus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for malaria in young HIV-infected and uninfected children. Malar J 2009;8:272
  • Yeka A, Dorsey G, Kamya MR, et al. Artemether-lumefantrine versus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for treating uncomplicated malaria: a randomized trial to guide policy in Uganda. PLoS One 2008;3:e2390
  • Four Artemisinin-Based Combinations (4ABC) Study Group. A head-to-head comparison of four artemisinin-based combinations for treating uncomplicated malaria in African children: a randomized trial. PLoS Med 2011;8:e1001119
  • Zani B, Gathu M, Donegan S, et al. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;1:CD010927
  • Kamya MR, Yeka A, Bukirwa H, et al. Artemether-lumefantrine versus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for treatment of malaria: a randomized trial. PLoS Clin Trials 2007;2:e20
  • Martensson A, Stromberg J, Sisowath C, et al. Efficacy of artesunate plus amodiaquine versus that of artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated childhood Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:1079-86
  • Meremikwu M, Alaribe A, Ejemot R, et al. Artemether-lumefantrine versus artesunate plus amodiaquine for treating uncomplicated childhood malaria in Nigeria: randomized controlled trial. Malar J 2006;5:43
  • Owusu-Agyei S, Asante KP, Owusu R, et al. An open label, randomised trial of artesunate+amodiaquine, artesunate+chlorproguanil-dapsone and artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. PLoS One 2008;3:e2530
  • Michael OS, Gbotosho GO, Folarin OA, et al. Early variations in plasmodium falciparum dynamics in Nigerian children after treatment with two artemisinin-based combinations: implications on delayed parasite clearance. Malar J 2010;9:335
  • Faucher JF, Aubouy A, Adeothy A, et al. Comparison of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, unsupervised artemether-lumefantrine, and unsupervised artesunate-amodiaquine fixed-dose formulation for uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria in Benin: a randomized effectiveness noninferiority trial. J Infect Dis 2009;200:57-65
  • Kobbe R, Klein P, Adjei S, et al. A randomized trial on effectiveness of artemether-lumefantrine versus artesunate plus amodiaquine for unsupervised treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Ghanaian children. Malar J 2008;7:261
  • Maiteki-Sebuguzi C, Jagannathan P, Yau VM, et al. Safety and tolerability of combination antimalarial therapies for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Ugandan children. Malar J 2008;7:106
  • Bukirwa H, Yeka A, Kamya MR, et al. Artemisinin combination therapies for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Uganda. PLoS Clin Trials 2006;1:e7
  • Falade CO, Ogundele AO, Yusuf BO, et al. High efficacy of two artemisinin-based combinations (artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate plus amodiaquine) for acute uncomplicated malaria in Ibadan, Nigeria. Trop Med Int Health 2008;13:635-43
  • Gbotosho GO, Sowunmi A, Okuboyejo TM, et al. Therapeutic efficacy and effects of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine coformulated or copackaged on malaria-associated anemia in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Southwest Nigeria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011;84:813-19
  • Mutabingwa TK, Anthony D, Heller A, et al. Amodiaquine alone, amodiaquine+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine+artesunate, and artemether-lumefantrine for outpatient treatment of malaria in Tanzanian children: a four-arm randomised effectiveness trial. Lancet 2005;365:1474-80
  • Premji Z, Umeh RE, Owusu-Agyei S, et al. Chlorproguanil-dapsone-artesunate versus artemether-lumefantrine: a randomized, double-blind phase III trial in African children and adolescents with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. PLoS One 2009;4:e6682
  • Toure OA, Kouame MG, Didier YJ, et al. Artesunate/mefloquine paediatric formulation vs. artemether/lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum in Anonkoua koute, Cote d’Ivoire. Trop Med Int Health 2011;16:290-7
  • Faye B, Ndiaye JL, Tine R, et al. A randomized trial of artesunate mefloquine versus artemether lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Senegalese children. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2010;82:140-4
  • Sykes A, Hendriksen I, Mtove G, et al. Azithromycin plus artesunate versus artemether-lumefantrine for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Tanzanian children: a randomized, controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49:1195-201
  • Prevention. CfDCa: Guidelines for Treatment of Malaria in the United States. Edited by; 2013
  • Lalloo DG, Hill DR. Preventing malaria in travellers. BMJ 2008;336:1362-6
  • Lalloo DG, Shingadia D, Pasvol G, et al. UK malaria treatment guidelines. J Infect 2007;54:111-21
  • Bouchaud O, Muhlberger N, Parola P, et al. Therapy of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Europe: MALTHER - a prospective observational multicentre study. Malar J 2012;11:212
  • FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA approves label changes for antimalarial drug mefloquine hydrochloride due to risk of serious psychiatric and nerve side effects. Edited by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Rockville, MD; 2013. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/ucm362227.htm [Last accessed 19 July 2014]
  • Schlagenhauf P, Adamcova M, Regep L, et al. The position of mefloquine as a 21st century malaria chemoprophylaxis. Malar J 2010;9:357
  • Cramer JP, Lopez-Velez R, Burchard GD, et al. Treatment of imported severe malaria with artesunate instead of quinine–more evidence needed? Malar J 2011;10:256
  • Noubiap JJ. Shifting from quinine to artesunate as first-line treatment of severe malaria in children and adults: saving more lives. J Infect Public Health 2014. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Ward SA, Sevene EJ, Hastings IM, et al. Antimalarial drugs and pregnancy: safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacovigilance. Lancet Infect Dis 2007;7:136-44
  • Kalilani-Phiri L, Thesing PC, Nyirenda OM, et al. Timing of malaria infection during pregnancy has characteristic maternal, infant and placental outcomes. PLoS One 2013;8:e74643
  • Barber BE, William T, Grigg MJ, et al.A prospective comparative study of knowlesi, falciparum, and vivax malaria in Sabah, Malaysia: high proportion with severe disease from plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium vivax but no mortality with early referral and artesunate therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2013;56:383-97
  • Awab GR, Pukrittayakamee S, Imwong M, et al. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus chloroquine to treat vivax malaria in Afghanistan: an open randomized, non-inferiority, trial. Malar J 2010;9:105
  • Krudsood S, Tangpukdee N, Wilairatana P, et al. High-dose primaquine regimens against relapse of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008;78:736-40
  • McGready R, Thwai KL, Cho T, et al. The effects of quinine and chloroquine antimalarial treatments in the first trimester of pregnancy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2002;96:180-4
  • Tarning J, Chotsiri P, Jullien V, et al. Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling of amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine in women with Plasmodium vivax malaria during and after pregnancy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56:5764-73
  • Muehlenbachs A, Nabasumba C, McGready R, et al. Artemether-lumefantrine to treat malaria in pregnancy is associated with reduced placental haemozoin deposition compared to quinine in a randomized controlled trial. Malar J 2012;11:150
  • Adam I, Tarning J, Lindegardh N, et al. Pharmacokinetics of piperaquine in pregnant women in Sudan with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012;87:35-40
  • Morris CA, Onyamboko MA, Capparelli E, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in pregnant and non-pregnant women with malaria. Malar J 2011;10:114
  • Nyunt MM, Adam I, Kayentao K, et al. Pharmacokinetics of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine in intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2010;87:226-34
  • Karunajeewa HA, Salman S, Mueller I, et al. Pharmacokinetics of chloroquine and monodesethylchloroquine in pregnancy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010;54:1186-92
  • Tarning J, McGready R, Lindegardh N, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of lumefantrine in pregnant women treated with artemether-lumefantrine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009;53:3837-46
  • Na-Bangchang K, Manyando C, Ruengweerayut R, et al. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of atovaquone and proguanil for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in third-trimester pregnant women. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2005;61:573-82
  • McGready R, Stepniewska K, Ward SA, et al. Pharmacokinetics of dihydroartemisinin following oral artesunate treatment of pregnant women with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2006;62(5):367-71

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.